Down the ages, we see disability is as curse or punishment. With the development of science and social change, disability is seen as a societal problem rather than individual problem and solution became focused on removing the barriers to social change, not just medical care. The persons with a disability encounter discrimination; they tend to alienate themselves from society as they feel unwanted and rejected. It affects the psycho social condition of persons with disabilities. The human person is a complex entity composed of two distinct phenomena, the physique, and the psyche, commonly called body and mind [1]. It is both common knowledge and scientific theory that a person’s mental life and emotional reactions are influenced by his physical condition as well as his social and physical environment [2]. This research paper aims to present PsychoSocial problems faced by a person with a disability. And the objectives are to study the profile of the physically disabled and psycho social problems of the disabled. This study is descriptive in nature where data is collected from both primary and secondary source. 25 respondents were selected for the study and interview schedule is used to collect information.

Getting campus placement for employment even before completion of their course is a price achievement for graduating students. Even getting a first job immediately after course completion is a new dream start for young graduates. However, the complication exists when students in final graduating year at campus are very much unsure and uncertain about their chances of getting first job placement despite of all skill training and career counselling imparted owing to various factors. Therefore, to address and solve this dilemma of students, a new IEDRA (Interested, Eligible, Deserving, Registered and Acceptability) Theory or Model for placement achievement is proposed here in this research. Through the study, by introducing the constructs of proposed theory, determination of job selection possibility for the students is propounded. Finally, upon determination of stance on their possible interview selections using the framework, students can formulate a further performance yardstick or standard to follow for ultimate success in interviews

Clearing has been an important part of the banking system and will always remain a part of it for years to come. Clearing in banking indicates the transfer of fund from one person to another. This clearing of the fund can take place in 2 ways either through cash or through cheque. There has been no major change in the cash transactions except for the changes in the value of money. However, the cheque clearing system has undergone lot of changes. The origin of cheque can be traced back to the first century AD, where banks in and around Persia used to issue letters of credit called “Sakks” wherein the banks used to pay the identified payees as per the instructions. This eliminated the cumbersome process of carrying money or gold which was very risky. Changes have taken place in cheque clearing over the period of time. From ordinary cheque clearing to MICR clearing and finally to the latest in clearing ‘Cheque Truncation System’. This is a conceptual paper which tries to explore the changes that have taken place in the bank clearing system in the past, present and will also try to visualise the future of bank clearing.

The word Ideal System refers to a system which is optimal or finest in terms of all its characteristics and any existing system can be improved or converted into the Ideal system by comparing existing system to Ideal system and by doing research and innovation. Mobile banking business will enable banking organizations to expand their markets, improve their services to all corners of the world without any barriers in terms of time, location and place. The rapid increase of mobile phone users is closely followed by security problems. The objective of this paper is to suggest some characteristics that will solve problems like security, bandwidth, network coverage, speed and much more. Fifth Generation (5G) mobile wireless communication technology an advanced modern upcoming technology that has significant change or difference in terms of bandwidth, speed access, and zone issues compare to its predecessors. In this paper, the concept of the Ideal mobile banking system is discussed, based on developing a suitable model with the predicted system and environmental characteristics which is ultimately very much user-friendly, customization and flexible in nature. To realize Ideal system model we have taken up 5G mobile wireless communication technologies and discussed how it will support Ideal mobile banking model by providing characteristics in terms of speed, bandwidth, data transfer rate, signaling efficiency and all advanced services. The paper makes an analysis of new model with its advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages.

E-learning systems are of no help to the users if there are no powerful search engines and browsing tools to assist them. Most of the current web-based learning systems are closed systems where the courses and the learning material are fixed. The only thing that is dynamic is that the organization of the learning content is adapted to allow individualized learning environment. The learners of web-based e-learning systems belong to different categories based on their skills, background, preferences and learning styles. This paper focuses on personalized semantic search and recommending learning content that are appropriate to the learning environment. The semantic and personalized search of the learning content is based on comparison of the learner profile. The learner profile depends on re individual learning style of the user and learning objects’ metadata. This concept needs to be represented both in the learner profile as well as learning object description as certain data structures. Personalized recommendation of learning objects uses an approach to determine a more suitable relationship between learning objects and learning profiles. Thus, it may advise a learner with most suitable learning objects. Semantic learning objects search is based on the query expansion of the user query and by using the semantic similarity to retrieve semantic matched learning objects.

Clearing has been an important part of the banking system and will always remain a part of it for years to come. Clearing in banking indicates the transfer of fund from one person to another. This clearing of the fund can take place in 2 ways either through cash or through cheque. There has been no major change in the cash transactions except for the changes in the value of money. However, the cheque clearing system has undergone lot of changes. The origin of cheque can be traced back to the first century AD, where banks in and around Persia used to issue letters of credit called “Sakks” wherein the banks used to pay the identified payees as per the instructions. This eliminated the cumbersome process of carrying money or gold which was very risky. Changes have taken place in cheque clearing over the period of time. From ordinary cheque clearing to MICR clearing and finally to the latest in clearing ‘Cheque Truncation System’. This is a conceptual paper which tries to explore the changes that have taken place in the bank clearing system in the past, present and will also try to visualise the future of bank clearing.

Education spreads parallel with the life span of a person starting from his birth to death. Education is known to be the instrument which fills human actions with the essence of values, dignity, ethics and human virtues. Life progress along with the process of civilization equipped with social, moral, cultural attributes in the path of education. The Educational system should be gender sensitive to impart knowledge and disseminate skills to the marginalized sections of the society. The country could excess by facilitating contribution of the marginalized folk in the near future. Autonomous bodies like University Grants Commission (UGC), National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT), Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) regulates women education system in India. Institutions like United Nation’s International Children’s Educational Fund (UNICEF), Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR), United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Medical Council of India (MCI) and Dental Council of India (DCI) facilitates women education in India. Women Study Centres aided by UGC study the status, problems, issues concerned with women education. The illiteracy among women makes them dependent and deprived in general. Social, economic and political empowerment of women through education is the need of the day. This paper reviews various legislative and policy framework to improve the teaching, learning and evaluation aspects in the higher education in India.

Once 160,000 undergraduates in the University of California system were asked to name the obstacles that hinder their academic success, the students listed various aspects, but the number one reason, which was given by 33% of the students, was that they simply didn’t know how to study. This seems to be a hard reality when it comes to even Indian colleges. As a solution to this problem, an Innovative practice was adopted by Srinivas Institute of Management Studies and started to follow a model of distributing " Study Materials" to the pupil for each semester in their undergraduate programme. Since last few years this practice had a mixed response in college from the student community. Students have multiple opinions regarding this approach of college. This study titled “a study of student perception on Printed study material distribution model, a case study of students at Srinivas Institute of Management Studies with special reference to MBA & BBM students” is intended to empirically study the actual students’ perception towards the model and reinvent possible improvements if needed with the help of student’s inputs to facilitate student friendly learning.

Getting campus placement for employment even before completion of their course is a price achievement for graduating students. Even getting a first job immediately after course completion is a new dream start for young graduates. However, the complication exists when students in final graduating year at campus are very much unsure and uncertain about their chances of getting first job placement despite of all skill training and career counselling imparted owing to various factors. Therefore, to address and solve this dilemma of students, a new IEDRA (Interested, Eligible, Deserving, Registered and Acceptability) Theory or Model for placement achievement is proposed here in this research. Through the study, by introducing the constructs of proposed theory, determination of job selection possibility for the students is propounded. Finally, upon determination of stance on their possible interview selections using the framework, students can formulate a further performance yardstick or standard to follow for ultimate success in interviews.

This study aims at evaluating the effect of organizational commitment on organizational spirituality and happiness among MBA expert managers south of Iran; it is a descriptive correlational study. This study evaluated 338 participants based on complete count method; participants were MBA expert managers south of Iran. Data were gathered applying Hall and Edwards, organizational commitment Questionnaire of Mowdy, Porter & Steers and Oxford Happiness Test. Data were analysed by multi-variable linear regression analysis by simultaneous method by SPSS22. Findings indicate that there is a positive relationship between organizational spirituality and its components with organizational commitment and its three aspects and there is a positive relationship between organizational spirituality, happiness and its dimensions. Among different Aspects of organizational spirituality, awareness, instability, perception management and magnification could predict organizational commitment, and awareness, true acceptance and helplessness could predict variable of business managers’ happiness.

In Automatic Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS), pre-processing of the image is a crucial process in deciding the quality and performance of the system. Pre-processing is consists many stages as Segmentation, Enhancement, Binarisation, and Thinning. In this segmentation is one of the steps of pre-processing which differentiate foreground and background region of fingerprint images. Segmentation is the separation of the fingerprint region or extraction of the presence of ridges from the background of the initial image. Segmentation is necessary because it constructs the region of interest from the input image, reduces the processing time, increases the recognition or matching process performance, and reduces the probability of false feature extraction. A 100% accurate segmentation is always very difficult, especially in the very poor quality image or partial image filled with noise such as the presence of latent. Fingerprints are made of Ridge and Valley structure and their features are classified in three levels as Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3. Level 1 Features are singular macro details like ridge pattern and ridge flows. Level 2 is ridge local features like ridge bifurcation and ridge ending or simply minutiae points or ridge orientation. Level 3 is micro details like sweat pores, incipient ridges. This paper provides an overview of the state of the art techniques of fingerprint image segmentation and contribution of other researchers on segmentation. This paper also discusses a different class of segmentation algorithms with its measuring parameters, computational complexity, advantages, limitations, and applications.

India is one among the most promising emerging insurance markets in the world. Indian insurance sector was liberalised in 2001. The insurance industry in India has undergone transformational changes over the last 15 years. In July 2014, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) approved 49% FDI in insurance from the previous level of 26%. This paper aimed at examining the impact of FDI on the performance of selected private sector insurance companies. The study is based on secondary data and it is a descriptive study. This paper found that FDI had a significant positive as well as negative impact on areas which were studied in the paper

Company analysis is a type of Case Study method among many types of Case study based Research Methods. While developing a Company Case study based on various issues in Management, the researcher can choose any company of any industry to study an issue or to solve a problem. Usually, a case analysis ends up with the observation of new performance pattern, interpretation of issues in the form of new information, or development of new suggestions to improve the system or to solve the problems optimally. Company analysis is considered to be a most powerful method to study new lessons required to identify, understand, and solve the problems in the process of managing and leading the organizations. Analysing business issues related to a company provides an opportunity to researchers to identify the kinds of situations, decisions, and dilemmas managers facing every day. Company analysis is a powerful tool in developing both research case study and teaching case study in business management subject. In this paper, we have discussed how ABCD Analysis as Research Methodology in company case analysis procedures in order to help the budding researchers while developing and analysing Company analysis as a Case study. In this paper, we have checked whether ABCD (Advantages, Benefits, Constraints, and Disadvantages) analysis framework can be used while analysing a company, how to consider various determinant issues of a company, selecting various affecting factors under these issues and identifying constituent critical elements for each construct using its elemental analysis technique, and the reasons to recommend the ABCD analysis framework in any kind of company analysis.

E-learning offers advantages for E-learners by making access to learning objects at any time or place, very fast, just-in-time and relevance. However, with the rapid increase of learning objects and it is syntactically structured it will be time-consuming to find contents they really need to study. In this paper, we design and implementation of knowledge-based industrial reusable, interactive web-based training and use semantic web based e-learning to deliver learning contents to the learner in flexible, interactive, and adaptive way. The semantic and recommendation and personalized search of Learning objects is based on the comparison of the learner profile and learning objects to determine a more suitable relationship between learning objects and learner profiles. Therefore, it will advise the e-learner with most suitable learning objects using the semantic similarity.

Company analysis is a type of Case Study method among many types of Case study based Research Methods. While developing a Company Case study based on various issues in Management, the researcher can choose any company of any industry to study an issue or to solve a problem. Usually, a case analysis ends up with the observation of new performance pattern, interpretation of issues in the form of new information, or development of new suggestions to improve the system or to solve the problems optimally. Company analysis is considered to be a most powerful method to study new lessons required to identify, understand, and solve the problems in the process of managing and leading the organizations. Analysing business issues related to a company provides an opportunity to researchers to identify the kinds of situations, decisions, and dilemmas managers facing every day. Company analysis is a powerful tool in developing both research case study and teaching case study in business management subject. In this paper, we have discussed how ABCD Analysis as Research Methodology in company case analysis procedures in order to help the budding researchers while developing and analysing Company analysis as a Case study. In this paper, we have checked whether ABCD (Advantages, Benefits, Constraints, and Disadvantages) analysis framework can be used while analysing a company, how to consider various determinant issues of a company, selecting various affecting factors under these issues and identifying constituent critical elements for each construct using its elemental analysis technique, and the reasons to recommend the ABCD analysis framework in any kind of company analysis.

The role of higher education institutions is reflected in its learning outcomes. The learning outcomes contribute to develop quality professionals by enhancing competency in subject knowledge and intellectual capability, grooming professionalism and employability skills. Still further it contributes to emotional and social maturity, sound character, sharp business acumen, strong scientific temper and strategic thinking among the learners. This could be materialized only through imparting comprehensive, continually enhanced and global quality professional education supported by a sound quality management system. Quality policy contributes to institutionalizing the quality assurance processes. Commitment to providing quality teaching and learning through well designed and systematic curriculum delivery using multitude of learning experiences is at the core of this policy. A variety of quality assurance processes are institutionalized focusing around teacher quality, curriculum delivery and pedagogy, research and training, skill development of students, orientation programmes for overall personality development and broad range of activities which equip the students to face challenges and take up risks with courage. Academic Audit gives feed-back on its efficiency. The observations from the audit are utilised for institutional improvement.

Earlier people had sincerity and commitment in the work they do. But today an employee would not believe in such values of work. He works very hard to get a handsome salary to sustain his living. Along with this the most interesting motivation is the quality of working life which is a systematic approach to design and a promising development in the broad area of job enrichment. The criteria for measuring the quality of work life are Adequate and fair compensations, healthy working conditions, Opportunity to use and develop human capacities, Opportunity for career growth, Social Integration in the workforce, Work and quality of life, the Social relevance of work etc. The study shows that when there is better quality at work the productivity of the employees’ increases. Thus the quality of work life can lead to organizational effectiveness; organizational commitment, job satisfaction, providing employee motivation; personal growth and development enhance competencies which in turn would lead to increase productivity and profit. It also becomes important that suitable working condition will definitely influence the quality of work. The main aim of this research is to study the quality of work life of the private sector employees. Interview scheduled and the objectives are to study the various issues of the private sector employers and job satisfaction. 50 private service employees were selected randomly for the research to ask their opinion and the issues. Both primary and secondary source of information is used in the study.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the moderating effects of demographic variables among the rural citizens in Tanzania on the association between perceived benefits and determinants of intention to adopt microfinance services by using the Theory of Reasoned Action. Stratified and multistage sampling techniques were employed to select respondents and survey questionnaire was administered to collect the data that resulted in a response rate of 82%. The structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed to analyse the hypotheses of the core and moderating models. The study’s findings demonstrated that gender and education moderate the impact of perceived benefits and subjective norms on the rural citizens’ intention to adopt microfinance services. In addition, the findings suggest that perceived benefits, attitude and subjective norms significantly influence rural citizens’ intention to adopt microfinance services. The current study offers useful suggestions to policy makers to design relevant policies customised according to the strength of the demographic variables that influence determinants of rural citizens’ intention to adopt microfinance services.

Higher education institutions strive to produce quality professionals, who would be intellectually robust, emotionally balanced, and economically productive, socially committed and spiritually satisfied so that they make meaning in their lives and contribute to the society. Teachers have a big role in maintaining this. Teacher quality influences curriculum, provides leadership, and promote student progression. Curriculum delivery and pedagogy should incorporate multitude of learning experiences and innovative learning methodologies. So much so the faculty should be exposed to advance knowledge and skill through a variety of ways which would be mutually complementary for both the teacher and the taught. Their capacities should be developed and all the more periodically recharged for sustained results. This paper discusses capacity building through establishing sustainable mechanisms to improve quality in teaching as reflected in the values and culture of the institution.

International business decisions to be taken by executive managers of multinational firms are becoming more challenging due to uncertainties in business environment which is due to fast changing and unpredictable domestic, foreign, and global environment for long term sustainability. Even though firms are cautious and take precautions while taking decisions on international investment for production and marketing, their sustainability for a long time in a given business is shaking due to continuous changes in domestic, foreign, and global business environment. This is mainly due to variations in economic conditions, political scenarios, sociocultural environment, technological breakthroughs, legal aspects and human behavioural effects on opportunities and challenges on the international business performance of multinational firms. In this paper, we have studied in brief, the various domestic, foreign, and global environmental issues which affects the multinational firm’s business decisions related to international investments and marketing. The paper also discusses the impact of the domestic environment, foreign environment, and global environment on economical, political, technological, legal, and cultural issues on investment and expansion decisions of multinational corporations in general.

International business decisions to be taken by executive managers of multinational firms are becoming more challenging due to uncertainties in business environment which is due to fast changing and unpredictable domestic, foreign, and global environment for long term sustainability. Even though firms are cautious and take precautions while taking decisions on international investment for production and marketing, their sustainability for a long time in a given business is shaking due to continuous changes in domestic, foreign, and global business environment. This is mainly due to variations in economic conditions, political scenarios, sociocultural environment, technological breakthroughs, legal aspects and human behavioural effects on opportunities and challenges on the international business performance of multinational firms. In this paper, we have studied in brief, the various domestic, foreign, and global environmental issues which affects the multinational firm’s business decisions related to international investments and marketing. The paper also discusses the impact of the domestic environment, foreign environment, and global environment on economical, political, technological, legal, and cultural issues on investment and expansion decisions of multinational corporations in general.

Labour is the prime contributor for the industrial growth and economic development of a country. It is known to be the segment which contributes significantly to the GDP of the Nation. Work is generally known to be the physical or mental engagement of the people in any economically productive activity for their livelihood. The Indian economy is characterized by the existence of a vast majority of employment in the unorganised sectors. Its dominance in the employment front is such that more than 90 per cent of the total workforce belongs to the informal economy. Planned Economic Development in the country can be achieved by eliminating poverty through employment and income generation. In this regard, Fisheries sector plays an important role in the developing countries of the world. The fisheries contribution to the Indian economy has enriched after the introduction of advanced technology to increase the yield per unit area of water attracting more foreign exchange. The problems of poverty and malnutrition faced in coastal areas can be simultaneously met through, planned utilization of available local resources and encouraging participation of the local people in the fishing occupation. Fisher folk are those people who engage in fishing activities. They are the victims of economic oppression and lives under social prejudices with low social status. There is a need to undertake systematic study on the life of the fishermen to seek solutions to their existing problems and to improve their overall status. This study will review into the work life of fisher folks in Thota Bengre village belonging to Mangaluru taluk in Karnataka State.

Over the last two decades, India has transformed it’s higher education hub which has led to widespread access to low cost high quality university education for students of all levels. With well-planned expansion and a student -centric learning-driven model of application with highly competent faculty, Mangalore has over taken other mega cities and is climbing the ladder of success in imparting world class education. With the number of private universities on the rise, there is a need to have a distinct strategic objective which will enable the universities to build on their strengths and cater across different categories of educational needs. With the effective use of technologies, educational institution will be able to resolve the long-standing tension between excellence and equality. Strategic management of educational institutions enables the transformation of institutions to practice educational innovations. To achieve this goal there is a need to undertake large scale reforms to better faculty-student ratios by making teaching and attractive career path, expanding capacity for doctoral students at research universities and delinking educational qualifications from teaching eligibility

Biometrics innovation has ended up being a precise and proficient response to the security issue. Biometrics is a developing field of research as of late and has been dedicated to the distinguishing proof or authentication of people utilizing one or multiple inherent physical or behavioural characteristics. The unique fingerprint traits of a man are exceptionally exact and are special to a person. Authentication frameworks in light of unique fingerprints have demonstrated to create low false acceptance rate and false rejection rate, alongside other favourable circumstances like simple and easy usage strategy. But the modern study reveals that fingerprint is not so secured like secured passwords which consist of alphanumeric characters, number and special characters. Fingerprints are left at crime places, on materials or at the door which is usually class of latent fingerprints. We cannot keep fingerprint as secure like rigid passwords. In this paper, we discuss fingerprint image Hash code generation based on the Euclidean distance calculated on the binary image. Euclidean distance on a binary image is the distance from every pixel to the nearest neighbour pixel which is having bit value one. Hashcode alone not sufficient for Verification or Authentication purpose, but can work along with Multifactor security model or it is half secured. To implement Hash code generation we use MATLAB2015a. This study shows how fingerprints Hash code uniquely identifies a user or acts as index-key or identity-key.

This software is capable of reading the file formats like - .OBJ, .WRL, .STL, .STEP, .IGES and 3D scenes can be rendered with an inclusion of the properties viz. applying variousLights, Material Color, and Options for Solid, Wire frame, Points and Transparency viewing, Texture Mapping, Transformation, Walkthrough, Cut Sections, Background color selection, Background and Base image selection, Markup features such as Sealing and Measurements, Different camera views, Parts selection and deletion, Copying the rendered object to the clipboard and enabling to view more than one models through multiple tabbed windows.Stereovision feature has been added to this software, which gives better 3D visual effect at lower cost. This software is also intended to incorporate ease of use and portability so that it can run on any low end workstation having windows operating system

Women are the embodiment of divine virtue and purity blessed with the sweetness of speech and beauty from the god. There were contradictory dialogues about women where some schools of thought representing them to be ‘equals of men’ and other schools trying to spread hatred and disrespect by projecting women to be weak minded and unworthy of trust. The status of women witnessed a steady shift along with the phases of Indian society since from ancient to modern times. The life of women was highly influenced by the social attitude and practices in light of philosophical ideologies. The ancient epics and literature placed women with the utmost respect and integrity. The sacred position granted to women found a shattered steady decay with the time leading towards disrespect and injustice. Women started to regain the lost status only in the later part of the nineteenth century. The study on the mobility in the status of women is possible only through a detailed review into the integrated evolutionary process of social system and practices. The injustice and deprivation caused due to the shattered status can be compensated only through equity and justice. Equity in status can be attained only through inclusive growth. This paper highlights on the issues connected to the mobility in the status of women along the ancient, medieval and modern era. It describes the efforts on women empowerment for inclusive growth to ensure equity among men and women thereby recapture the status to which women are deprived off.

Transformational leadership has attracted extensive attention in management research. The influence of transformational leadership on organizational performance is an important aspect. Given the background where greater attention is being paid to transformational leadership in the banking industry, this research aimed to establish the degree of the influence of transformational leadership on organizational performance of micro finance institutions in Kenya. Questionnaires were used for data collection. They were analyzed via structural equation modeling. The findings reveal that organizational performance is positively influenced by transformational leadership (ß= 1.505; p < 0.05). These findings remind managers of the need to pay close attention to transformational leadership, to cultivate organizational performance, and thereby to eventually improve employee’s sustainable performance.

The recently developed theory called Theory of Accountability (Theory A) for organizations of 21st century identifies the various factors which affect the organizational human resources performance. The essential components identified to improve the productivity of any organization based on the postulates of Theory A are (1) Planning, (2) Target setting, (3) Motivation, (4) Work Strategies, (5) Responsibility, (6) Role model, (7) Monitoring & Guiding, and (8) Accountability. The objective of this paper is to apply the components of Theory A to Indian Banking system and to study how to improve the productivity of the banking system for economic progress in India. Accordingly we analysed the business model and the organizational strategy of Indian Banks in terms of their business objectives, service planning, target setting for the employees, employee motivational factors, working strategies to improve productivity, selfand mutual responsibilities among individual employees and in their teams, concept of role model in banking service innovation, continuous monitoring and guiding strategies, and finally accountability of each and every employee at different organizational levels. The applicability of Theory A on both private and public sector banks are discussed in general and suitable suggestions are proposed to the banking sector to improve productivity based on the postulates of Theory A

Many Countries around the globe have adopted private University system as a part of their higher education offering strategy. India, being the second highest in the number of private universities in the World, has given exactly 50 % shares to privately governed Universities (Private & Deemed to be universities together) and remaining 50% are Govt. Funded universities (Central & State Govt. together). Presently in India, there are 264 private universities spread over 22 states. Along with providing latest industry-oriented higher education training and placement, private universities are also have the challenge to involve both students and faculties in innovative research in order to increase the research output. While discussing the challenges of increasing the research productivity in organizations, recently proposed Theory of Accountability (Theory A) suggests the strategy of showing ‘Role models’ in the organizations to the researchers so that the target of each and every researcher can be substantially increased with the slogan – ‘It is Possible’. In this paper, we have proposed the responsibility of Vice-chancellors as Role models for researchers to boost the research output of the universities by adding self-contribution of them in the form of research publications. In this regard, we have studied the contribution of Vicechancellors to present them as Role models to researchers in private universities due to their less administrative responsibilities compared to public university Vice-chancellors in India. The research contributions in the form of published papers in journals for the last 5 years is tabulated, analysed, and discussed to see the Role model characteristics and is compared with an optimistic estimate, realistic estimate, and pessimistic estimate of our theoretical prediction. Finally, the reasons for the negative result and some guidelines are suggested to increase the Vice-chancellors contribution to increase the research productivity along with the brand image of the universities.

Many Countries around the globe have adopted private University system as a part of their higher education offering strategy. India, being the second highest in the number of private universities in the World, has given exactly 50 % shares to privately governed Universities (Private & Deemed to be universities together) and remaining 50% are Govt. Funded universities (Central & State Govt. together). Presently in India, there are 264 private universities spread over 22 states. Along with providing latest industry-oriented higher education training and placement, private universities are also have the challenge to involve both students and faculties in innovative research in order to increase the research output. While discussing the challenges of increasing the research productivity in organizations, recently proposed Theory of Accountability (Theory A) suggests the strategy of showing ‘Role models’ in the organizations to the researchers so that the target of each and every researcher can be substantially increased with the slogan – ‘It is Possible’. In this paper, we have proposed the responsibility of Vice-chancellors as Role models for researchers to boost the research output of the universities by adding self-contribution of them in the form of research publications. In this regard, we have studied the contribution of Vicechancellors to present them as Role models to researchers in private universities due to their less administrative responsibilities compared to public university Vice-chancellors in India. The research contributions in the form of published papers in journals for the last 5 years is tabulated, analysed, and discussed to see the Role model characteristics and is compared with an optimistic estimate, realistic estimate, and pessimistic estimate of our theoretical prediction. Finally, the reasons for the negative result and some guidelines are suggested to increase the Vice-chancellors contribution to increase the research productivity along with the brand image of the universities.

Organizations and individuals usually have well defined objectives at any given point of time and invest their resources systematically to fullfill the objectives by setting their goal and formulating and following a strategy to chase their goal. Various strategies are used to chase the goal in both organizational and individual cases include competitive strategies or red ocean strategies, monopoly or blue ocean strategies, sustainability or green ocean strategies, survival or black ocean strategies, and mixed or white ocean strategies. The complexities of business decisions after globalization of business and technification of business processes, winning or sustaining or even surviving in current business is considered as an intensive challenge for organizations and also to individuals. In such environment called the turbulent business or social environment for organizations and individuals respectively, a new strategy for survival called “Alternative Strategy” is proposed in this paper and the concept of the strategy, its importance in the current business environment for organizational decisions are discussed. The paper also looks into the understanding of the Generic strategies, their applicability and constraints while identifying the importance of alternative strategy. Eight postulates are developed to support the concept of alternative strategy, and an alternative strategy model is suggested using lateral thinking techniques. The model consists of evaluating and comparing the alternative strategy with primal strategy using ABCD analysis framework. Such model of alternative strategy can be used at operational level, tactical level, and strategic level of any organization to realize its objectives. Keywords:Organizational strategy, Goal reaching, Competitive strategy, Technification of business processes, Monopoly, Sustainable strategy, Survival strategy, Alternative strategy, Aithal Postulates on Alternative Strategies. 1. INTRODUCTION : Strategy is a systematic plan of action to ensure success or to reach desired future state. Strategy is mainly about a set of options and choice o

Technology is used in many ways to solve many complicated challenges in the society. Certain technologies have grown and expanded their branches to many areas and sectors of practice in such a way that they have been designated as General-Purpose Technologies. General Purpose Technologies’ (GPT) are characterized by pervasiveness where they have an inherent potential for technical improvements, and innovation complementarities, meaning that the productivity through research and development in related sectors increases due to the consequence of innovative applications through such general-purpose technologies. Thus, as general-purpose technologies progress, they spread throughout the economy, eventually bringing about generalized productivity gains. Examples include the steam engine, railroad, interchangeable parts, electricity, electronics, materialhandling, mechanization, control theory (automation), the automobile, the computer, the Internet, and nanotechnology. In this paper, we have identified, analysed, and compared Information Communication and Computation Technology (ICCT), and Nanotechnology (NT) as two most important general-purpose technologies due to their abilities to solve both basic problems and advanced need of the society. The paper also contains a conceptual and predictive proposal on how various general-purpose technologies including ICCT and NT are potentially contributing towards creating a techno-society and based on further progress and spread of such technologies to every dimension of human life to reach the ultimate level of civilization in or around this earth. The analysis finally leads to the development of the concept of ‘Universal Technology’ model.

There are many definitions for the research process in both natural sciences and philosophical sciences. Out of them, the most popular two definitions are (1) Creating new knowledge, and (2) Interpretation of existing knowledge in a new way through the suitable method of analysis. There are many analysis frameworks used to interpret concepts, ideas, technologies, models, systems, solutions to any problems, strategies, products or services of an organization, resources, etc. Out of them, recently developed analysis framework called ABCD analysis framework is flexible to use in both qualitative and quantitative manner. ABCD analysis method allows the researcher to interpret the given concepts, ideas, technologies, models, systems, solutions of any problems, strategies, products or services of an organization, resources including material, machine, men, money, and information, systematically by considering various determinant issues related to the problem under analysis. The various determinant issues like organizational issue, business issues, customer issues, technological issues, government issue, environmental issues, and societal issues are identified and the affecting factors under the constructs Advantages, Benefits, Constraints, and Disadvantages are determined for identified key attributes. The critical constitutional elements of the nanotechnology as green technology are also identified for the same four constructs. The scores are given to each critical element under all four constructs and based on calculating overall scores the importance of nanotechnology as green technology in solving both basic and advanced problems in the society are determined and rated

Unorganised sector occupies a predominant portion in the workforce of India. The work is considered to be the physical and mental engagement by human beings for economic productivity. Fisheries Sector has become a source of income and employment to those who engage in unorganised employments for their life. India is the second largest producer of fish in the world by contributing 5.68 per cent of global fish production and second largest producer of fish by aquaculture after China. In the National Fish Productivity, State of Karnataka contributes almost 5.8 per cent securing 6th Position in marine productivity and 9th position in the inland fish productivity. Fisheries sector has enriched its share in the national development after effective usage of technology to increase yield per area of water thereby earning more foreign exchange. Fishing occupation is normally hazardous causing harm to the health of the fisher folks. It is essential to provide Social security protections to the fisher folks against contingencies including disability, sickness, employment injuries, occupational diseases and unemployment. The maximum welfare to the fisher folks can be assured only through the execution of Comprehensive Social Security Policy linking Social Assistance Programmes and Social Security Schemes. This study is descriptive and analytical in nature. The study results analyse the implications of social security measures among the fisher folks living in the Thota Bengre fishing village of Mangaluru Taluk in Dakshina Kannada District of Karnataka State in India. The study review upon the implications of various social security schemes offered to the fishermen in terms of its coverage and benefit. A good attempt is also made to identify the level of awareness among the fisher folks about social security schemes provided by the government at Centre and State levels respectively. This paper suggests measures for the legislators and fisheries department to improve the benefit schemes thereby securing the inclusive growth of the fishing community.

The recently developed theory called Theory of Accountability (Theory A) for organizations of 21st century identifies the various factors which affect the organizational human resources performance. The essential components identified to improve the productivity of any organization based on the postulates of Theory A are (1) Planning, (2) Target setting, (3) Motivation, (4) Work Strategies, (5) Responsibility, (6) Role model, (7) Monitoring & Guiding, and (8) Accountability. The objective of this paper is to apply the components of Theory A to Indian Banking system and to study how to improve the productivity of the banking system for economic progress in India. Accordingly we analysed the business model and the organizational strategy of Indian Banks in terms of their business objectives, service planning, target setting for the employees, employee motivational factors, working strategies to improve productivity, selfand mutual responsibilities among individual employees and in their teams, concept of role model in banking service innovation, continuous monitoring and guiding strategies, and finally accountability of each and every employee at different organizational levels. The applicability of Theory A on both private and public sector banks are discussed in general and suitable suggestions are proposed to the banking sector to improve productivity based on the postulates of Theory A

Adopting new technology in the banking sector is very useful for the growth of banks in India. The bank is the main financial institution that provides the digital technology-enabled services to the customers in an effective manner. Because of competition today each and every bank is providing modern and innovative services to attract a number of customers. Mobile banking (also known as M-banking) is latest technology or novel technology, user-friendly, and widely used concept in Electronic banking that is used to accomplish cashless financial transactions, fund transfer, credit applications and payment of bills, taxes etc. remotely through mobile devices like smartphones, PDAs, and tablets. The uncommon increment in the utilization of mobile phones in both urban and rural areas provides exciting opportunities for the development of cell phone based banking. But in India, a developing country, mobile banking is limited to only some fields such as SMS due to lack of facilities, security issues, poorly performing internet connections and because of high priced. In this paper, we present a comparative study on Mobile Banking transaction of major banks in India. In this paper, we analyzed and discussed portable banking money/financial transactions, using ABCD analysis and based on the analysis we made a few proposals/recommendations to cell-phone enabled banking service contributor. This will encourage the scientist/researcher to find the gap between the traditional and digital method of financial transactions in India.

Research means searching for knowledge by utilizing appropriate scientific and systematic approach. It presumes the status of human voyage for the discovery by exploring ones inquisitive urge to gain knowledge over the unidentified aspects connected to life. Research aim to acquire new knowledge or expansion of existing information through some value additions. Varied forms of research methods are adopted to find appropriate solutions for diversified problems of the society. The decision on the application of Basic and Applied research can be better done on the scrutiny of nature of prevailing problem and its solutions. Knowledge domain would get stagnated unless new practical discoveries are conducted with the help of applied research. Even though all basic research will not lead to create new knowledge, it certainly helps to identify new application for conducting applied research on the existing problems by providing required tools and raw materials for the study intern deliver utilitarian benefits to the society. This study puts light on the implications of basic as well as applied research methodologies by reviewing into its evolution, features, steps, merits and demerits. It also tries to distinguish between basic research and applied research focusing upon its utility aspects

The objective of campus based higher education is now shifting from mass education to customized education and in such model involving students in research by faculty members is an essential part. Such research focused higher education model not only benefits the students but also provides an opportunity for the institution to create intellectual property in its name. To encourage faculty members to be involved in research and publications, higher education institutions (HEIs) are trying to find various strategies. Faculty compensation is one of the important strategies in higher education institutions as faculty members are the brain of the system and creators of an intellectual asset to the institution. Making faculty compensation dynamic is a very attractive and effective way in order to involve faculty members in research and publications. In this paper, we have studied the changing objectives of autonomous HEIs like private universities towards developing Intellectual property by shifting their focus towards research and publications using their financial autonomy. As a part of such initiatives, an improved model of faculty compensation is proposed based on Annual Performance Based Component (APBC) and discussed how it adds value to the HEIs by inspiring the faculty member’s involvement and accountability to create a tangible asset of intangible intellectual property. The paper also discusses the cases of pessimistic expectations, most-likely expectations, and optimistic expectations of faculty performance and its financial implications on the institution by simulating these estimates.

Few years ago, divorce was considered as one of the rare social phenomena in the Indian context. As the society started taking a new shape due to modernization and technological advancement, the rigid boundaries governing traditional Indian life began to replace with the new outlook as well as lifestyle. It gave a momentum when women took up employment that increased the incompatibility of gender because of the change in the position of women. Further, changing demographic contexts from rural lifestyle to city or metros,shift from extended family system to nuclear family, selection of spouse in contrary to arranged marriage are the features of changed scenario in India. In a modern society, dissolution of marriage derives from the idea that living an independent life is better than keeping marriages in terms of personal welfare. This article draws on the issues and concerns of marriages due to the changing scenario in socio-cultural life, technological outburst through social media and other forms media, influence of west, etc that has challenged the durability of the marriages in India. The aim of this study is to examine the recent trends on divorce. And the objectives are to know the socio-cultural factors that influence on the divorce rates and to suggest possible strategies for reducing or solve the problems of divorce in the family. 50 male and 50 female respondents studied in detail in this research study