India is poised on a renewed growth path and several new initiatives are a brainchild of this vision. Programs such as Skill India, Digital India, and Make in India are certain key strategies for driving growth and sustainable socio economic development. The base of the pyramid sector is predominantly characterized by people with very low incomes; it is known that the bottom of the pyramid is the largest but poorest socio-economic group in the world. The current usage of the term ‘bottom of the pyramid’ refers to the four billion people living on less than $ 2 per day, the definition was familiarized and became widely known in 1998 through the works of C. K. Prahalad and Stuart L. Hart. The wealth and revenue generation capabilities at the base of the pyramid, especially in emerging markets have been the topic of many studies and research in recent years. The potential of the customers, who live on less than $ 2 per day, is immense. It is estimated that India accounts for close to 300 million adults and is a significant percentage of the population. If there has to be inclusive and all round growth and development it has to be aimed at empowering the poorest of the poor. This is a conceptual paper and looks at the sustained growth of India during India 2.0 period (1992 onwards) and further fuelled by PM Modi Government, aimed by the various initiatives and explores avenues to create sustained development from the BOP perspective with special focus on Economic development, Social development, Environmental protection, and Industry development.

MBA education in India is facing the same challenges as business. Upheaval of technology, changing customer expectations, global competition, online courses and societal responsibility are the major concerns. Failure to adapt to these challenges will question the academic contribution to business practice. Business school (B-school) branding is crucial to distinguish the services provided by one B-school from another. Considering the importance and relevance of adapting to the changing market forces, the purpose of this paper is to propose a conceptual model of brand-building for Indian B-schools. A range of published literature related to the topic is thoroughly searched. The paper examines the viewpoints of various scholars with regard to the role of a student in a B-school. The services marketing perspective is analyzed and the gaps are identified through a robust literature survey. Based on the literature survey, an original conceptual model for brand-building for B-schools is proposed. Some B-schools have adopted certain branding activities, but extant literature review reveals that B-schools in India do not practice an organized holistic approach to branding activities. The proposed conceptual model is stage one in the process of understanding what goes into building a B-school brand. Stage two would empirically test the proposed conceptual model of brand-building. The proposed model is holistic, considering the role of important stakeholders such as students, faculty and corporate. This conceptual model will help B-school management to understand the role and importance of branding B-schools. It will provide an insight into the various parameters on which a B-school brand has to be built.

To remain competitive in a technology driven, fast changing, globalised business environment, and pursue sustainable development goals; Companies today are demanding a high degree of professionalism, intellectual common sense, emotional maturity, domain knowledge, competitive techno-functional competencies from the new breed of graduating students, engineers and value chain managers. Human Resource capacity enhancement and development of functional capabilities in new work related skills, per say employability skill improvement, has become a major challenge across organizations and institutions, especially from emerging and developing economies. In the context of higher education, to address these challenges, a structured, systematic and collaborative approach by strengthening Industry Academia Interface [I.A.I.] can inherently supplement professional skill development efforts of graduating students. University Industry Collaboration or I.A.I. is emerging as a key growth area in the context of academic value addition and value integration that would inadvertently supplement conventional classroom learning of traditional education formats. A mutually integrative engagement model for I.A.I. is illustrated as Collaborative Engagement for Organizational Development and Employability (CODE) in this paper. Thereupon to infuse a fresh perspective across various competitive skills desired by the employers, in the categories of hard and soft skills, with a blend of basic and advanced life skill traits; various subset elements of graduate employability are grouped to develop a graphical perspective of an Employability Skill Traits Management Quotient (ESMQ). This paper contains the concept proposal, structure, synthesis and theoretical analysis of the ESMQ model, from various organizational frames of references. It is believed that the proposed ESMQ Model would assist in designing varying levels of training interventions, through Accelerated Learning Programs (ALPs) that would distinctly enhance the overall employability of graduating students; consequently making them ready for speedy absorption in Businesses and Industry.

The bottom of the pyramid has been the topic of many research articles and scholarly discussions. Since Prahalad and Hart wrote about how multinationals can help alleviate poverty and create value propositions for themselves in 2004, many companies have been looking at strategies to serve the BOP segment in emerging markets. While an equally good number of companies have invested a lot of money in these markets and have failed, only a small minority of corporations that have engaged with the BOP sector have created businesses of high volume and profitability. This paper examines through review of the literature, the impact of branding on people living on less than $2 per day and then what how of reaching these customers in a profitable manner for corporations

The aim of higher education is to equip the youth with confidence in professional and public life so as to meet the challenges in life. University education is aimed at distinct objectives such as enhancement of knowledge and skills. But the application of knowledge requires skills and application of skills require confidence. Fulfilling these objectives imposes specific demands, not only on the content or teaching methods or teachers but also the variety of experiences the students are exposed to that count their excellence in the professional realm. Designing, developing, focussing, and exposing students to these confidence inducers are of paramount importance. This approach points to the myth of curriculum as a singular means of learning, alternatively a convergence of multiple approaches necessary to impart confidence among the learners. A variety of activities which are carried out as part and parcel of postgraduate degree level courses carry along with it inbuilt confidence inducers which serve to attain the desired outcome of learning. This paper discusses the role of confidence and the techniques of imparting confidence among learners vis-a-vis knowledge and skills.

Big data is a term traditionally used to denote data sets that are so voluminous and complex that traditional data processing application software is inadequate to deal with them. Big data challenges include capturing data, storage, analysis, transfer, querying, updating, information privacy, data source, and such aspects. As of recently, ‘big data’ also refers to predictive analytics, user behaviour analytics and other advanced analytic methods that churn value from data. Data sets are growing very rapidly because of the ability to gather cheap and enormous data from devices such as mobile phones, remote sensing, software logs, cameras, microphones, radio frequency identification readers, and wireless sensor networks. By 2025, IDC predicts that there will be 163 zettabytes of data. On the other hand, the base of the pyramid markets is the growing 4 billion populations who are living on less than $ 2 a day. Management thinkers, Prahalad and Hart, in 1999, propounded their idea on how multinationals can help alleviate poverty and generate profits successfully by selling their products in these markets; many companies have been looking at strategies to serve the BOP segment in emerging markets. Many large corporations have invested a lot of money in these markets and have failed, but also some multinationals who have engaged with the BOP sector have created scalable businesses and generated large profits. Some successful companies have used mobile phone and other information gathering and dissemination technologies to generate valuable information and devise relevant strategies to sell successfully in these markets. While the attraction of the BOP segment has been a topic of research for close to two decades, big data and its applicability to doing business better is prevalent only since 3-4 years. Big data and analytics using big data available all around us are huge in terms of impact for the consumer and the marketer. It has become so imperative that there are in depth studies revolving around big data and how it can be utilized in specific and generic ways and to devise various business strategies of multinationals, companies, domestic players and the like. It has become a huge opportunity that has come about as a result of technological progress and big data can be used in myriad ways to tap and deepen the base of the pyramid markets. There is very little data on the application of big data to the base of the pyramid markets. This paper is an attempt to create a new facet of application of big data to the base of pyramid segment research on how the BOP markets can be served better and companies can get better insights to strategize to enter and serve these markets in a mutually successful manner.

Online E-Campus Recruitment is the most widely performed and most sought to be preferred mode of graduate selection from the campus in present scenarios. With ultra-modern automated systems and super process excellence techniques applied in the corporate with renewed focus on quality, even people recruiting has also been structured as a online flow system for steady results. Berger Paints India has been esteemed Campus recruiter of Srinivas Institute of Management Studies for MBA programme through years adopting an online electronic approach model in their recruitment process. Therefore through this research analysis, we have attempted to understand their recruitment process flow and know the fact to understand what the process means to our students, stakeholders, the online or e-recruitment domain, and whole industry.

One of the governing factors on which safety of civil engineering structure depends on is material used in construction. Materials used for the construction of walls are normally required to possess adequate strength and erosion resistance. The study investigates the suitability of stabilized laterite soils for the production of compressed earth blocks for lowcost housing construction. The materials which are used in this experiment is red soil and some chemicals. The results of the study revealed that the specific gravity, bulk density, moisture content, and plasticity index of the sample showed satisfactory performance. This experimental mainly deals with the manufacture of compressed stabilised earth blocks by using chemicals. The blocks are tested under CTM for compressive strength. The cost comparison with the conventional bricks has revealed that compressed cement stabilised soil block is preferred because it is more economical walling material in itself and permits the use of economical building techniques.

Identifying the characteristics of an ideal system in nature and comparing it with existing real system in a given area for possible improvement is one of the research methods in research methodology. While comparing the ideal system characteristics with existing/real system characteristics the research gap can be determined and further research can be carried out to improve the real-world system. The four basic problems still existing in the society worldwide are related to nutritious food, drinking water, renewable energy, and comfortable health. In this paper, we have studied the characteristics of the ideal water purifier, a hypothetical system used to convert contaminated water into pure water to solve drinking and irrigation water problems. The characteristics of the ideal water purifier system are classified and discussed under four categories as input characteristics, system requirements, Output characteristics, and environmental characteristics. Further, the possibilities of realizing such a system using nanotechnology are also discussed. Nanotechnology is emerging as a multidisciplinary new frontier of Science & Technology expected to solve many major problems/needs of the mankind of the society which include supply of abundant potable drinking water, pure water for agriculture and plantations, availability of nutritious food for everybody, uninterrupted green energy for society, and comfortable health for everybody. The paper discusses the possibility of using nanotechnology to realize the ideal water purifier using nanotechnology and also the advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages of such technology to improve such system towards the ideal systemNew Knowledge Created/New Analysis &Interpretation :The paper created new knowledge on the concept and characteristics of ideal water purifier, and analysed and interpreted the possibility of realizing it using nanotechnology

Optical microcavities are resonators that have at least one dimension on the order of a single optical wavelength. These structures enable one to control the optical emission properties of materials placed inside them. One of their most dramatic potential features is threshold-less lasing,unlike the conventional lasers. This is possible due to 2D monolayers, Heterostructures, Hybrid materials which are used as active layers for polariton-exciton strong coupling. In this review paper, a different method of Microcavity laser fabrication is reviewed, where a different type of active materials is utilized to improve the laser efficiency. Materials such as WS2, MoS2, WSe2 and MoSe2are used due to their strong exciton binding energy. These use high reflecting DBR mirrors fabricated using oxides of a higher refractive index such as SiO2, NbO2, HfO2/Al2O3, SiO2/Ta2O5 and SiO2/TiO2. In this way, the controlledspontaneous emission is expected to play a vital role in a new generation of optical devices and can have a wide range of applications in Optics, Quantum computing, high-speed signal transmission,etc.

Antibacterial activity is related to compounds that locally kill bacteria or slow down their growth, without being in general toxic to surrounding tissue. In this review, we mentioned the antibacterial property of different nanoparticles and their effects. Antibacterial agents are significant in the textile industry, medicine, food packaging, and water disinfection. In this study, we compared the antibacterial property of silver nanoparticles; silver coated gold nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticle and iron nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles can also be produced by biological methods because of the abundance of renewable, cost-effective and biodegradable materials while comparing the properties Au nanoparticles are biocompatible and relatively simple to prepare. The Zn nanoparticles did not require the protection layer to prevent the degradation of the performance of the antibacterial effect. The study of iron nanoparticles pattern with bacteria interface which affects the antibacterial property of IO NP. Ag NP-GT can be employed as a cytotoxic bactericidal agent, whereas Ag NP-OB (7.5 nm) as a biocompatible bactericidal agent. Au-Ag NPs immobilization on cellulose paper could be a valuable antibacterial technology for applications such as food packaging, clothing, wound dressings, and other personal care products. The chitosan coating of IONP result in an interface that enhances ROS production, hence the antimicrobial activity.

The drastic developments in Information and Communication Technology enabled many types of technology-aided attendance maintenance system in Higher Educational Institutions. A fingerprint is one of the most common and popularly known biometric systems all over the world. The usage of fingerprints for authentication is a universally prevalent solution and a majority of the population has legible fingerprints. This is more than a number of humans who have passports, license and identification cards. It has fairly one of the maximum accurate forms of biometrics available. Fingerprint biometric has been utilized in numerous areas together with entry management and door-lock control, smart cards, vehicle ignition control framework and fingerprint controlled access control system. Because the superior technology allows even extra compact fingerprint sensor size, the variety of application is expanded to the cellular market. One of the important applications of the biometric system is in attendance maintenance and which is incorporated in many of the higher educational institutions. From olden days, three styles of fingerprints may be obtained, namely, exemplar prints, latent prints and plastic prints. In this paper, we study fingerprint attendance maintenance system with its advantages, benefits, constraints, and disadvantages. We use focus group interaction method to gather information on fingerprint biometric attendance system. This paper also discusses some recommendations for fingerprint biometric attendance system. This paper could play an active and supportive role in fingerprint biometric attendance based researches.

Nanotechnology deals with researching on materials of size one to one hundred nanometers with comparative different physical properties with respect to same materials at higher dimensions. Nanotechnology is recently considered as general-purpose technology essential for solving problems optimally related to both basic needs and advanced wants. Being anticipated as universal technology of21st century, nanotechnology is on the verge of solving many long-time waiting problems related to human prosperity. It is predicted that nanotechnology may have its largest impact on the medical industry compared to other industries. Patients may drink medicine containing nanorobots programmed to kill and reconstruct the molecular structure of cancer cells and viruses. It is also predicted that nanorobots could slow or even reverse the aging process, and life expectancy of human beings could increase significantly. Through suitable programming, nanorobots are expected to perform delicate surgeries which can be thousand times more precise than expert surgeons. Nanorobots can also change the physical structure and appearance of human beings through programmed cosmetic surgery. The advancements in medical and pharmaceutical applications of nanotechnology will be expected to improve the drug delivery and organ regenerations prospects. The paper anticipates and discusses the possibilities how the health science progress is driven by nanotechnology-based innovations leading to predicted and most desired immortality of living beings in this world and reaching the expected status – the ultimate state in human life comfortability

Recently, graphene-based materials have engaged the attentiveness of all researchers doing research related to materials science, particularly related to gas sensing application. Graphene nanocomposites or nanohybrids are the modern inclusion to the marvel applications of graphene-based materials. One of the occupying utilisation of the graphenebased nanocomposites is chemical detection which is beneficial for observing the explosive nature, harmfulness and inflammability of gases. Diversified metal oxides like tin oxide, ferric oxide, zinc oxide and indium oxide as soon as combined with graphene-based materials to form nanocomposites own enormous potentiality for detecting a minute amount of harmful gas. In this article, the various synthesising methods, preparation of composites, fabrication and gas sensing utilisation of graphene-based nanocomposites are depicted in detail.

The growth in electronic transactions and banking system has resulted in greater demand for fast access of banking transactions with the aid of Automated Teller Machine (ATM). The quick increment in the utilization of ATM transactions has been closely followed by the increase in ATM frauds. The security problem and fraudulent transactions are the biggest deterrents in the continuous or widespread use of ATM transactions. For the security of ATM just possession of password or prior knowledge of computer systems or ATM machines not altogether enough. In ATM, security is essential in different aspects including physical machines, transactions, user authentication and integrity and finally user security itself. Hence fraud prevention and security has become essential ingredients in order to increase the number of ATM users and to improve client trust and confidence over ATM’s. This paper explains about and examines the different types of security breaches in ATM banking systems. This paper also expounds improved security solutions to ATM’s in multiphase’s, which take into accounts all the aspects of security in all fields of ATM banking system, which is derived through focus group interaction. This paper could assume a functioning job in genuine research on ATM transaction framework security

An energy system is a system which produces or converts and delivers energy for useful work. An energy system is primarily designed to supply energy to various processes in the dynamic world and to provide both basic needs and luxurious services to end-users. There are many energy sources of different types used in practice. The sustainability model of the universe suggests the use of renewable energy sources for harvesting energy for practical use. Renewable energy research is finding importance due to its priority of maintaining environmental sustainability. The objective and direction of renewable energy research can be properly guided by considering the properties of Ideal energy source. In this paper, we made an attempt to analyse the importance and objective of energy research and how it can be improved and speed up by showcasing an anticipated hypothetical energy system called the ideal energy system. The system model of the ideal energy system is proposed and its predicted characteristics are proposed and discussed in detail. The possibility of realization of such a system in practice is also discussed by comparing the ideal energy system characteristics with practically possible energy system using renewable energy sources and suitable technology.

Characteristic fibre composites are these days being utilized as a part of different designing applications to build the quality and to advance the weight and the cost of the item. Natural fibre Composites are progressively utilized to replace wood and its applications in various fields. Aim of the project is to find the best combination of Natural Fibre and Resin percentage by preparing various composites and carrying out mechanical tests on them. NFC’s are these days being utilized as a part of different designing applications to expand the quality and to improve the weight and the cost of the item. Different natural fibres are available naturally for example; coir, sisal, jute, coir and banana are utilized as reinforcing materials. In this project banana fibre will be acting as reinforcement and Epoxy resin for the composite. The frame mould fabricated to make composite material is comprised of mild steel in which the fibres and matrix (resin) are distributed in required volume fractions. The banana fibre percentage is varied for different samples of composites. The variety in mechanical properties are considered and examined. The composite samples will be tested for tensile and flexural test in a Universal Testing Machine and the results are plotted and compared in order to differentiate the strength of each specimen