The performance of microbial fuel cells can be enhanced by several factors including its resistance to impact. This resistance is determined from both the proton mass and the weak cathode caused by the oxygen reduction reaction. This is due to the protons in the aqueous phase of the transport rate being very slow and remaining in the hollow fiber reactor. This helps to improve the proton transfer as well as minimize the resistance. Cathodic oxygen also assists in the reduction reaction and the concentration of dissolved oxygen works toward a unipolar response relationship. This means that when placed along with a cathode, they can improve the aerobic performance of microbial fuel cells. It also matters which additives are placed within the MFC. Adding fertilizer and molasses increased MFC performance by an average of 45 and 38% respectively while table salt decreased electric production by 23% over a period of several weeks.

The objective of this study is to evaluate and describe the influence of public spending on economic growth in the Democratic Republic of Congo in the years 1980-2007. In particular, the purpose is to explain here the role or the impact of the composition of public spending on economic growth in this country. Several studies have examined the relationship between public spending and economic growth, but the relationship between the composition of public spending and induced economic growth is a blueprint for economic analysis that deserves further attention. We have highlighted a non-linear relationship between public spending and economic growth across public expenditure components, thanks to a smooth transition model, the Vector Auto Regresie (VAR) method. Our results also specify the margins in which the different components of public spending can have a positive and significant impact on economic growth in this country. JEL Codes: H6, E5, E6, C23, O40

The performance of microbial fuel cells can be enhanced by several factors including its resistance to impact. This resistance is determined from both the proton mass and the weak cathode caused by the oxygen reduction reaction. This is due to the protons in the aqueous phase of the transport rate being very slow and remaining in the hollow fiber reactor. This helps to im prove the proton transfer as well as minimize the resistance. Cathodic oxygen also assists in the reduction reaction and the concentration of dissolved oxygen works toward a unipolar response relationship. This means that when placed along with a cathode, they can improve the aerobic performance of microbial fuel cells. It also matters which additives are placed within the MFC. Adding fertilizer and molasses increased MFC performance by an average of 45 and 38% respectively while table salt decreased electric production by 23% over a period of several weeks.

Optimum design and performance check after manufac turing arethe main processes of manufacturing of an y motor. Proper material selection and accurate desig n improves the performance of electric motor. ANSYS RMxprt is best software for accurate and cost-effective de sign of various electrical machines.This articleis having discussion about use of RMxprt for machine design and it also presents the modelling and analysis of three phase induction motor made by ANSYS RMxprt.Paper highlights the use of ANSYS RMxprt for the design of three phase indu ction motor and it also presents the simulation results a long with 2-D and 3-D geometry.

The study was conducted at the College of Accountancy, Business E conomics and International Hospitality Management in 2 nd semester of the academic year of 2016-2017 to identify the pre ferred food stall of the students inside the University canteen and the s atisfaction of the student-customers on the services provided by food stall staffs or employees. Two hundred seventeen (217) students were chosen randomly based on the list provided by the College. The study descri bed the preferred food stall by means of 7’Ps Model which was specifically used considering its seven (7) major variables/determinants such as price, promotion, people, place, process, product and physical evi dence. To accomplish the purpose/objectives of the study, statistical tools such as fr equency, percentage, mean and ANOVA were properly utilized. The study revealed that one hundred percent (100%) of the respondents do have their preferred food stalls and are satisfied with the differe nt techniques rendered to student customers on how to promote their products inside the university canteen. Also, i t was clearly reflected on the findings of the study that there is no significance difference in the prefe rred food stalls of the students in the University canteen when they are grouped according to age, sex, daily all owance, geographic location. However, the study found out that there is significant difference on the respons e aforementioned respondents when they are grouped according to their year level and preferred food sta ll.

Part of the City’s holistic development is transportation modernization and its infrastructure support. Progressis good, but unmanaged resources, unavailability of fund re leased which may affect the proposed master plan and slack implementation of the law can lead to urban sprawl and traffic congestion. The study was conducted to determine the transportation and infrastructure challenges in Davao City and how Public-Private Partnership (PPP) contributes towards attaining sustainability. A total of 60 participants including commuters, drivers, and car owners, were served as key respondents. A descriptive evaluative re search design was utilized in the study wherein the data is collected using open-ended interviews, secondary data, and observations.The study found that Davao City’s main issues and problems in infrastructure and transportation are the results of inadequate investment in road development and maintenance and poor management. Thus, researchers suggested reforms, recommendations and building up of PPP programs in order to make public transport provision in Davao City more effective and efficient.

The body respiratory rate (RR) is the optional parameters of vital signal, and it is one of the monitoring indicators of physiological distress. The paper presents a test method of body respiratory rate by using the status sensors and infrared imaging sensors. The method of the Kalman filter and zero crossing test are applied in the RR test, the measurement and simulation results show its feasibility. And they are compared with testing by commercial pressure sensors module, the results show the effective of methods.

Climate change is becoming increasingly common in Philippines resulting in a huge effect and damages in agriculture sector in various parts of the country. Through the Department of Agriculture, several incidents of climate related disasters were recorded which suggest that climate change has accelerated the intensity and frequency of hazards of drought, floods and landslide in most agricultural lands of the country. This paper intends to assess the adaptation strategies of the Department of Agriculture on Climate Change at the level of the regional office in Davao Region. Key Informant Interview with the Agency’s personnel directly implementing the climate change adaptation programs and paper review were conducted to gather relevant information for this study. The research findings indicate that the adaptation strategies of the Department of Agriculture Region XI focus on technology transfer through the Agricultural Training Institute on its Climate Smart Farm Business School project and mainstreaming of the Climate Resilient Agri-fisheries – AdapatationMitigation Initiative in Agriculture (CRA-AMIA) through the coordination and management of the Department of Agriculture System-wide Climate Change Office (DA-SWCCO). The analysis of these findings will help the department to prepare programs on related to climate change that may include protection and enhancement of ecosystem services to secure food and water resources and livelihood opportunities to the whole Davao Region community.

This paper reviewed the process of developing the Climate Resilient Agriculture Adaptation and Mitigation Initiative in Agriculture (CRA AMIA) as a strategic program approaches in responding to climate changes with a vision of a Philippine agriculture and fisheries sector that enabled local communities to cope with climate risks while pursuing sustainable resilient livelihoods. The paper aimed to understand the different project interventions such as technologies and practices, institutional and social innovations and accessing climate-relevant support services (e.g. community’s heath, policies, etc.) and drew some lessons learned by the farmer stakeholders and determined challenges brought by this irrevocable event in the project site. Researchers found out that communities’ coordination, linkages institutional mechanisms, climate farmers field schools(CRFS), access to health services, information to climate services and policies are significant factors in making farming communities adapted to climate changes and minimize their risks to climate hazards.Finally, stronger linkages and policy reforms and communities coordination are needed between the farming organizations and government agencies facilitating and supporting CRAs and suppliers of climate information, particularly addressing the translation of climate change information and services to the community level.

The study aimed to review some economic indicators of the province of Agusan del Sur and determine which municipality have greater value in of competitive index. The method was adopted from the Competitiveness Bureau of the Department of Trade and Industry using economic dynamism, government efficiency, infrastructure and resiliency as the core indicators. From the findings of the review, the researchers found out that top three ranking municipality that acquired the highest score in competitive index for year 2017 were Veruela that got the topmost score of 9.30 followed by 6.95 of San Francisco and 4.31 of San Luis. This competitive index is a composite of the four core economic indicators used by the Bureau. This analysis could somehow help investors to identify which municipality is more conducive to business.

With the development of science and technology of the times, the wireless sensor network has been inextricably linked with peoples lives, the traditional network has been insufficient to meet the needs of people in all aspects. This paper introduces the concept of wireless sensor networks, the basic structure and characteristics of wireless sensor networks, analyses the research status on wireless sensor networks and the problems to be solved, and finally expounds the research status on data collection protocols for wireless sensor networks, and puts forward prospects.

Creating new provinces is said to be the driving factor towards the achievement of social and economic development. Definitely, that statement is commensurate with citing the attainment of the desired level of development that eventually follows after one has uplifted the poverty incidence. This study was pursued to find out how the newly created province, namely the Davao Occidental performed in the aspect of social and economic development. The study addressed the major development concerns of the province after it was separated from Davao del Sur. A change in the fiscal set up as well as the manpower pooling of the local government would also be taken account of. Precisely, the study desired to know how the improvement in the fiscal aspect and the increase in manpower structure of the local government would give impact on the development of the locality and its living populace. The study noted that there is growth in the financial resources of the province as well as the manpower makeup. In contrary, its assumed impact on the level of development was not established based on the result of the study. Improvements or positive changes were noted on the aspect of income and education. On the perception of the people on the impact of creating Davao Occidental Province to its development, the study showed that people all agreed that overall, life is better in the creation of Davao Occidental Province compared to being attached with Davao del Sur Province.

This study provides econometrics evidence linking economic planning process to human capital development in Nigeria. The specific objectives focused on the effects of planned investments on education, healthcare delivery and community and social services on human capital development in Nigeria over the period 1990-2016. Data collected from Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin were analyzed using Fully Modified Least Squares and Granger Causality test in addition to augmented Dickey Fuller unit root and Johansen-Juselius test. The results of the unit root tests show that only life expectancy is stationary at levels while the other variables in the model become stationary at first difference. The cointegration tests results revealed that the variables in each of the models have long run relationship. The regression result in shows that planned expenditure on education has weak significant positive impact on life expectancy. This finding aligns with the theoretical expectation as economic planning that increases budgetary allocation to the education sector is expected to increase the level human capital of the population and in turn increase their opportunities of living a long and healthy life. The results further show that public investment in the education sector generates positive outcomes on gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education in Nigeria. The Granger causality test shows that unidirectional causality runs from public expenditure on social and community services to life expectancy and from public expenditure on education to gender parity index for gross enrollment ratio in primary and secondary education. Therefore, it is recommended that policy makers should ensure that economic planning in Nigeria continues to prioritize medium and long term investments on education in addition to community and social services in order to enhance pace of human development.

In the current context of fiscal consolidation in the States of Sub-Saharan Africa and there is a close link between public spending and economic growth. As a result, this article focuses primarily on the socio-economic impact of public spending in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Estimates show that public spending may be negatively impacted in this country, and strategies will have to be found to finally change this negative to positive impact in the Democratic Republic of Congo. The operations of using these resources are carried out by that institution with a view to guaranteeing the country economic and social stability. In particular, it is a question of explaining the influence of the composition of the public expenditure on the economic growth in this country, especially as the socio-economic situation on the spot deteriorates from the day to the day notably by a very high rate of unemployment. lack of basic infrastructure, scarcity of water and electricity, non-rehabilitation of public buildings, etc.