Detailed studies of sedimentology and petrology of oil fields, especially oil fields located in the seas, play a very important role in reducing the risk of danger, increasing harvest, and reducing the amount of environmental pollution. The South Pars gas field in the waters of the Persian Gulf on the joint border line of Iran and Qatar and on the south coast of Iran has been used as a comprehensive model for this type of study. In these studies, the sedimentary environment and sequential stratigraphy of the Scorpion and Sarvak Formations in the South Pars gas field in wells 1 and 3 have been investigated. Microscopic studies and analysis of gamma-ray and acoustic diagrams of these formations have led to the identification of 9 facies in three facies belts related to wetland, dam, and open sea. Dam facies have been identified only in Sarvak formation. This study shows that the facies belts of the abovementioned formations in a ramp platform are also sloping. Sequence stratigraphy of Kazhdomi and Sarvak Formations in the study wells shows that Kazhdomi Formation has one sedimentary sequence (third category cycle) and Sarvak Formation has two sedimentary sequences. The lower boundaries of sequences 1 and 2 and the upper boundary of sequence 3 have type 1 (SB1) discontinuities, and the boundary between sequences 2 and 3 has type 2 (SB2) discontinuities.

A wood species called molave (Vitex parviflora Juss.) naturally grows in tropical nations like the Philippines. In the marginal uplands, molave is also a plant that is advised for afforestation. The ecological niche of the molave tree is significant to the balance of the terrestrial ecosystems. The trees serve as producers of the biotic organism and provide shelter, oxygen and sequester carbon dioxide. The trees also provide support that upholds the land from erosion and landslides. According to FAO (2004), people in the county continue to unlawfully cut these trees despite the Philippines’ restriction on doing so, which results in an annual deforestation rate of roughly 2.48%, compared to 1.4% in the 1990s. Some of the conservation plans of the government include in situ conservation, integrated protected area systems, geographic mapping of species distribution, and education and training activities for conservation planning. Therefore, the molave tree in the Botanical Garden of University of the Philippines Los Banos has a vital role in controlling the balance of the ecosystems together with the living organisms in the area and must be sustained and protected.

Application of neural-network methods revealed relationships between hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics of water flow, suggesting structural self-organization of substances dissolved in water in the form of micro layering. In particular, the coefficient of correlation between the concentrations of such substances in some cases reaches its nearly maximal value (0.99), combining with the high weights of neural network edges. This can be supposed to be due to the mechanical and chemical interactions in river flow with the participation of Van der Waals forces, hydration, and sorption. Other factors, not taken into account, can also have their effect, in particular those responsible for the fluctuations of the parameters of order, determining the singular contributions to the dynamic characteristics of the non-linear system under consideration. Such can be the cyclic oscillations of the characteristics under control with an amplitude decreasing with a decrease in the intensity of the pollution/selfpurification processes in water medium and increasing with an increase in this intensity. The obtained information, in addition to its direct purpose as a means to study the nature and properties of fresh water, is a necessary condition for the effective control of water resource quality and water management activity.

Using data from 41 years in Patna’ India’ the study’s goal is to analyze the trends of how often it rains on a weekly, seasonal, and annual basis (1981-2020). First, utilizing the intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve and the relationship by statistically analyzing rainfall’ the historical rainfall data set for Patna’ India’ during a 41 year period (1981-2020), was evaluated for its quality. Changes in the hydrologic cycle as a result of increased greenhouse gas emissions are expected to induce variations in the intensity, length, and frequency of precipitation events. One strategy to lessen vulnerability is to quantify probable changes and adapt to them. Techniques such as log-normal, normal, and Gumbel are used (EV-I). Distributions were created with durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 24 h and return times of 2, 5, 10, 25, and 100 years. There were also mathematical correlations discovered between rainfall and recurrence interval. Findings: Based on findings, the Gumbel approach produced the highest intensity values, whereas the other approaches produced values that were close to each other. The data indicates that 461.9 mm of rain fell during the monsoon season’s 301st week. However, it was found that the 29th week had the greatest average rainfall, 92.6 mm. With 952.6 mm on average, the monsoon season saw the highest rainfall. Calculations revealed that the yearly rainfall averaged 1171.1 mm. Using Weibull’s method, the study was subsequently expanded to examine rainfall distribution at different recurrence intervals of 2, 5, 10, and 25 years. Rainfall and recurrence interval mathematical correlations were also developed. Further regression analysis revealed that short wave irrigation, wind direction, wind speed, pressure, relative humidity, and temperature all had a substantial influence on rainfall. Originality and value: The results of the rainfall IDF curves can provide useful information to policymakers in making appropriate decisions in managing and minimizing floods in the study area.

The aim here is to investigate the behavior of pedestal/belled piles present in soft clay soil through numerical analysis using Plaxis 2D software. The method used here was based on finite element analysis to simulate pile-soil interaction and to analyze the pile’s behavior under different loads by varying parameters such as length embedded in the soil and also the diameter of the shaft. The results indicate that increase in length as well as the shaft diameter of the pile enhances the pile’s load-bearing capacity. The study also shows that the pedestal/bell pile can improve the pile’s performance in soft clay soil by reducing the soil’s displacement and increasing the pile’s axial capacity in comparison to conventional straight pile. The study concludes that the pedestal/belled pile is a promising option for the foundation of structures in soft clay soil, and the numerical analysis using Plaxis 2D software can provide quick and reliable predictions of the pile’s behavior. The study’s findings can be useful for optimizing the design of pedestal/belled piles in soft clay soil and improving the efficiency and safety of foundation systems in similar geotechnical conditions.

The study aimed to design and develop an eco-air purifier using an air filter with activated carbon. The developed air purifier helps students, faculty, staff, and other stakeholders in the educational institution breathe fresh air in a room. A descriptive-development design was applied in the study. A systematic approach was employed for the development of the product. The functional acceptability of the project was assessed by three expert evaluators, consisting of electrical engineers in compliance with parts and hardware quality standards. The product was assessed in terms of functional stability, performance efficiency, usability, reliability, maintainability, portability, and also the quality of the product when using it in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, freedom from risk, and context coverage. The findings of the study revealed that the project performed its functionality well, performance efficiency, usability, reliability, maintainability, and portability, and when in use in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, satisfaction, freedom from risk, and content coverage, it obtained an adjectival rating of very satisfactory from the evaluators. The findings implied that the product was able to meet the criteria, specifically in safety, where it exhibited an absence of harm when in use. The development of an eco-air purifier could harness its power in sustaining and producing quality air in the room, thereby improving the lives of every student, faculty, and staff member, as well as other stakeholders, particularly during pandemics.

Climate change and environmental deterioration due to greenhouse gas emissions are a major concern around the globe today. This article aims to highlight how various authors have carried out carbon emissions modeling for smarter carbon footprint management and also proffer solutions to the greenhouse gas emissions issue, which is giving rise to global warming and natural disasters across the globe. This study makes use of the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology for identifying, analyzing, and synthesizing articles published from 2015 to 2020, a period of 6 years, on the topic of carbon emissions modeling. The SLR results indicated that there has been a rising interest in the issue of carbon emissions from the period of 2015 to 2020, as seen by the evolution of publications in the area. This can be explained by the increased incidence of natural disasters occurring as a result of the global warming phenomenon due to greenhouse gas emissions. The various ways in which different models have been used for carbon emission analysis and management have been described, while explaining various means by which greenhouse gas emissions can be curtailed to stop the alarming rate of global warming and maintain a sustainable and habitable planet for all.