Despite being more resilient than agriculture, the performance of the livestock sector depends greatly on the seasonality of the weather variables, which directly affect the supply and quality of the forage. Many forage species have an accumulation of biomass limited to the rainy season, which restricts the activity. Agrometeorology is the science that studies the effect of meteorological and climatological conditions on the agricultural performance of the species and field activities. The progress of this science to a crop allows the understanding of its interaction with the environment and the measurement of technical data, valuable for the improvement of agricultural resilience, planning, decision making, and expansion of financing and rural insurance policies. As a result, it is important to understand the plant-environment interaction to identify the factors that most influence the performance of crops, to elaborate the climatic risk zoning. Knowledge of phenology improves agricultural management and determines the cutting time. The definition of the crop coefficient helps in water management. The application practices of improving agricultural resilience such as selecting the most suitable cultivars, mulching, intercropping and minimum irrigation use ensure maximization of yield. This knowledge was recently raised for the forage cactus, the most cultivated forage cactus in the world. Hence, the objective of this study was to review the advances of agrometeorology information in Brazil on forage cactus for optimization of irrigation management and maximization productivity of the crop.

Allium ascalonicum originate from the Mediterranean, aliácea of great economic importance, due to its wide acceptance by the market characteristics as soft, sweet and pleasant taste. Currently it has expanded organic agriculture the cultivation of these species, with the use of organic fertilizer, which is responsible for development of the plant increasing productivity. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the use biofertilizer of agronomic performance cultivars A. ascalonicum in edafoclimatic conditions of the Brejo Paraibano-Brazil. The experiment was carried out on farmer Pitiá Areia-Paraiba-Brazil, which was soil preparation done, incorporated 30 kg ha-1 of manure, then sowing onions Shallot White and Brown plat spacing 0,20 x 0,10 m. After 15 days of cultivation the biofertilizer was applied (50% fresh manure and 50% water) at doses 0,0 and 3,0% in leaves of A. ascalonicum. Harvest was done to seventy after planting days, the fruits were transported to Seed Technology Laboratory at CCA/UFPB-Areia-Paraiba/Brazil, where the following evaluations were performed: bulb diameter, bulbils number per bulb, average bulb weight, dry matter bulb and productivity. The experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments (two biofertilizer doses of 0,0 and 3,0%), (two varieties Shallots White and Brown) and four replications. The data submitted to ANOVA, means were compared by Tukey test at 5%, SISVAR®. The biofertilizer doses did not influence the evaluated characteristics, except dose of 3,0% that favored increased productivity of onions Shallots White and Brown.

The production model developed by farmers in the Transamazon and Xingu Territory, in general throughout Amazonia, contributed over time to the increase the negative impact of agricultural activity on the forest. In the colonial times, the deregulated use of land compromised natural resources and biodiversity. This contribution aims to identify the systems of production adopted in cocoa cultivation in the Amazonian states (SAFs) and the Atlantic Forest (cabruca) states and the factors that directly affect production. Data from the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE -2017) show that Brazilian estimated cacao production for the current year would be 236,441 tons, distributed in the producing states: Pará, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rondônia, Amazonas, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais and Roraima. The national cacauicultura follows new directions trying to rebound through verticalization of production, a world trend, which is an alternative to monoculture.

It had as objective to evaluate the effect of 8-hydroxyquinoline and chlorine, isolated and mixed in and conservation of the stem stick of the emperor. Twenty of the stem torch ginger (Etlingera elatior), variety Red Torch were harvested, transported, and immersed in standardized solutions containing biocides for 48 hours. The biocide used were 100 mg L-1 of chlorine; 250 mg L-1 of 8-(HQC); 500 mg L-1 of 8-(HQC) and 50 mg L-1 of chlorine + 50 mg L-1 of 8-(HQC), the control corresponded to water. The stems stay immersed in water for nine days at 20 ± 4 ºC. Every 24 hours, the water in the container was replaced. During nine days, some measurements were realized of pH of the water in which the stems stay immersed, in the same way, it was measured the consumption/loss volume of the water for each 24 hours in the containers. The stems were weighed and also samples were taken from the base of the stems and pear ligule determination of peroxidase activity. In general, the use of solutions of 8-(HQC), 250 and 500 mg L-1, make easier the flux of water in the vases, measured by the consumption of water; provided lower peroxidase activity at the base, independent of the pH of the solution and maintained lower peroxidase activities in the ligule. Thus, with the results obtained, it demonstrated promise the use of 8-(HQC), in the highest concentrations tested (250 and 500 mg L-1) for quality maintenance of cut stems of Etlingera elatior, variety Red Torch

Application of residuals to soil can favor the development of nutrient-poor agricultural areas. The objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the chemical attributes of soil after application of tannery sludge. The applied treatments were 1) Mineral control: 100 kg N ha-1, applied in different stages (25% at planting and 75% when plant maize was in the 1.4 development stage); 2) tannery sludge: 50 kg ha ?¹; 100 kg ha¹; 200 kg ha ?¹; 400 kg ha ?¹; and 600 kg ha ?¹ of organic-N. All plots were treated with fertilizer (75 kg ha ?¹ P2O5 and 50 kg ha ?¹ K2O). In the mineral control, nitrogen was applied in ammonium sulphate form. Soil samples were analyzed to determinate pH, calcium, magnesium and aluminum in 1M KCl solution, potential acidity (hydrogen + aluminum in a calcium acetate solution pH 7), and potassium and sodium in a Mehlich 1 solution. The application of tannery sludge modified the chemical attributes of the soil, increasing pH and Na+, Ca+2, and Mg+2 contents.

With quality characteristics, the meat originated from Hereford, Braford and crossed breed animals, obtained a considerable increase in the meat market, seeking improvement. In order to have an expression of this quality in the market, through this idea came meat programs, with the purpose of offering quality to the final consumer. The objective of this work was to study the effect of the racial group on the carcass characteristics, classifications and declassifications within the Meat Hereford Program and aggregation and disaggregation of the value of the animals individually and of the batches of animals. Lots with Hereford predominantly presented higher mean carcass weight, higher percentage of animals with dentition 8, higher percentage of animals with 1 “thin” and 4 “uniform” finishing in relation to the others. The average number of animals finishing 5 “excess fat” in the lot is higher when the predominance of the lot is Braford animals. The declassification of animals with a racial pattern is similar between lots with predominance of Hereford, Braford or Hereford crossed, due to lack of finishing of the carcass or with dentition superior to 6 teeth. The value paid for certified heads did not differ between the evaluated groups. Disaggregation, although negative for groups with Hereford predominance, did not differ statistically from the other groups.

The aim of this work was to assess the resistance of seven commercial cultivars of common bean, black typ, (Xamego, BRS-Grafite, IAC-Diplomata, BRS-Esplendor, IPR-Uirapuru, IPR-Tiziu, and IAC-Una) to M. javanica under elevated temperature condition. The greenhouse experiments were carried out in a complete randomized design, with four replications and five plants per plot. The susceptible tomato cultivar Santa Clara was used to evaluate inoculation efficiency and reproduction index. The classification of resistance levels was estimated according to galls index, size of galls, position of galls, and reproduction index relative to tomato plants. In relation to common beans, there was no significant difference among cultivars in the evaluated traits, except for size of galls, indicating which there is no big genetic variability about M. javanica resistance. The elevated temperatures probably contributed to the non-observation of greater resistance degrees among the evaluated cultivars. Regarding the reproduction index, the cultivar IAC-Una was classified as moderately resistant to M. javanica.