The peculiarities of the integration processes development of the Asia-Pacific region (APR), which is characterized by the expansion of the tendency to regionalization, due to the deepening of economic ties while maintaining rivalry between the countries, have been analyzed. It has been noted that the peculiarities of integration processes within the APR have a positive impact on the economy of the participating countries; they provide an opportunity to adapt in a timely manner to new technological and financial requirements related to the globalization process and create the conditions for the formation of other structures of integration character on the basis of APEC.

Background. Following the global financial and economic crisis of 2008–2009, the world’s leading economies have rejected the liberal development doctrine and focused on protecting domestic markets from external competition as a result of restrictions and sanctions realization. Taking into consideration that the introduction of sanctions has always been associated with coercion to change the political course of countries – the objects of sanctions, the chosen direction of the research is relevant in the context of the exacerbation of structural problems accumulated in the world trade and economic system. An analysis of recent research and publications has shown that, despite the existence of some scientific achievements, the question of assessing the impact which enforces trade restrictions between economic entities, located mainly within the territories of the countries subjects to these restrictions, remains unresolved. The aim is to identify the introduction consequences of restrictions and sanctions on foreign trade between states, on the example of the US and China relations, as well as to assess the impact of Russian sanctions on the Ukrainian economy. Materials and methods. The complex of complementary methods of scientific research of economic processes and phenomena was used using statistical and analytical materials of the World Bank Group, World Trade Organization, the European Bureau of Statistics, the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, as well as the results of own scientific research. Results. It is proved that the cooling of trade and economic relations between any partners in the world stage objectively contributes to the rapprochement of the conflicting states with others, and leads to the restrictions occurrence that characterize the formation of trade disputes, trade conflicts, trade wars. Among the most common types of restrictions are sanctions, as an element of a rule of law that establishes unfavorable consequences in case of rule violation of one country and application by a country or group of countries. The main forms of economic sanctions have been identified. It is substantiated that, compared to political conflicts, international economic conflicts are characterized by a much larger number of participants, run contrary to the interests of mutually beneficial participation of countries in the system of international division of labor, and impede receiving benefits and advantages of international trade development. The peculiarities of the trade war between the USA and the PRC were investigated; it has been determined that it is the USA that is the most harmed by it. The identification of trade wars against Ukrainian producers by Russia was completed. Conclusion. The investigation of trade wars nature and, accordingly, the imposition of sanctions on these countries’ interactions in the conditions of the existence of global markets for goods and services, deepening the international division of labor and several other global world economy characteristics allows to conclude about the dual nature of the impact of economic sanctions on countries – objects of pressure sanctions, as well as on states that act as sanctions organizers. Thus, despite the sanctions in return, Ukraine continues to import strategically important products from the Russian Federation, this requires additional argumentation of these relations and foresees the need for further thorough researches in this area.

Background. The main tendency for the development of national innovation systems is the inability to develop and implement R&D without the use of international technological experience. In this way, international business entities are developing and gradually turning into multi-sectoral international complexes – transnational corporations. TNCs are the core of the modern world economic production system and become key players in the world of research and development, with a significant impact on NIS. Analysis of recent research and publications has shown that, despite the existence of some scientific achievements, the important scientific and practical problem regarding the impact of transnationalization on national innovation systems remains unresolved. The aim of the article is to investigate the impact of transnationalization on the development of national innovation systems through transnationalization of the innovative activities of TNCs. Materials and methods. Methods of comparison, statistical analysis, synthesis, grouping and graphical representation of results were used in the article. Results. The study contains the impact of transnationalization on national innovation systems by the extensive network of international production of multinational corporations that «destroy» the borders between national markets of goods, capital, labor due to close economic, technological, industrial links between enterprises in different countries of the world, which causes the effect of transnationalization of the economy. Conclusion. Main feature of national innovation systems development in the world is the reorientation of R&D activities solely on their own to internationalization of innovation activities. The degree of openness to access to knowledge, information, technologies on a global scale is increasing, in particular, the spread of various types of research activities, and the development of national scientific activities, as well as implementation of scientific developments is impossible without the use of international technological experience, foreign developments that are actively generated by TNCs. Competition for the «best» brains is intensifying and international cooperation is being formed within the global innovation system. It transforms multinational companies into key players in the modern world production system, enables them to retain leadership in the world R&D system, which directly affects the development of existing national innovation systems and the formation of new national innovation systems (NIS).

Background. In the current conditions of the national economy operation the enhancement of its competitiveness is of particular importance and is one of the most important determinants of the dynamic development of the state. In this connection, it is relevant to study the current world experience in implementing organizational and institutional forms of stimulating innovative growth, in particular, of industrial parks in order to use the results obtained in Ukrainian realities. Analysis of recent research and publications has shown that despite the presence of some scientific achievements, the question of research into the world experience of state support for innovative development remains to be solved, which must be taken into account when introducing modern technologies of industrial production organization. The aim of the articleis to summarize international experience in granting tax and other preferences to industrial park residents in order to implement best practices in the Ukrainian economy. Materials and methods. A set of complementary methods for the scientific study of economic processes and phenomena using statistical and analytical materials of the World Bank Group, the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, as well as the results of its own scientific research. Results. It is proved that although the process of de-industrialization is observed in most countries with high level of development, the fundamental difference is that in developed countries this process is gradual, and the reason for the decline in the share of industry in the GDP is the accelerated growth of the service sector, i.e. the transition to the post-industrial stage. The main forms of state support for the development of industrial parks in different countries were identified. It is determined that these incentives are of particular importance at the initial stage of operation of the park, when residents have not yet launched full-scale activities that can compete with established global manufacturers. The essence of these preferences and incentives is to temporarily exempt from taxes and fees, provided that the funds released are channeled to investment purposes and / or to increase production and exports. It is proved that the Ukrainian practice of using this mechanism should be extended with the use of appropriate state aid, namely they should cover exemptions from VAT, exemption from payment of real estate taxes, land tax, provision of preferential tariffs for utilities within parks, partial compensation of social deductions for the salaries of highly qualified employees working on the profile activity of the park. Conclusion. The research of the world practice of development of industrial parks in order to increase the investment attractiveness of the country and enhance its economic development has made it possible to determine that one of the main factors for creating favorable conditions for attracting investment in an industrial park should be the provision of a number of tax and other preferences to its participants through state and local funds budgets. Accordingly, it is considered necessary to carry out detailed forecast calculations of the expected effect on tax revenues resulting from the economic activity of the residents of the park.

Background. The modern economy determines higher demands on the level of competitiveness of business entities, while the importance of increasing the number of competitive advantages becomes more and more important. Now the problems of the competitive advantages of the industries (especially with regard to international trade), in particular the confectionery industry, remain the least studied. Therefore, an important analytical task is to identify the key success factors, taking into account the available and predictable conditions for the development of industry and industry competition. An analysis of last researches and publications has shown that despite the availability of scientific works, an important scientific and practical problem regarding the methodological tools for the formation of a competitive strategy that would allow to develop the potential competitive advantages of the enterprise, remains unresolved. The aim is to analyze and summarize the main factors of formation of competitive advantages of enterprises of confectionery industry in the global sweets market. Materials and methods. In the process of the study the methods of comparison, graphic, tabular, economic and statistical were used. Results. The peculiarities of emergence of competitive advantages of the enterprise of confectionery industry are analyzed; the algorithm of their development is formed. The analysis of export-import operations has shown a reorientation of the market in recent years. The mechanism of identifying and retaining competitive advantages in the world confectionery market is considered. The advantages that determine the development prospects are highlighted. For the confectionery industry, the competitive advantages are mostly related to the ability to export products. Recommendations are given on the measures needed to shape the competitive advantages of confectionery enterprises. Conclusion. Competitive advantage refers to the ability of an enterprise to provide consumers with goods or services at lower prices, better quality, a wider range, and so on, as compared to competitors in the same industry. For the enterprises of the confectionery industry, which are oriented to foreign markets, the strategic advantage can be diversification of products, increasing the number of «novelties» – both in taste and in design, taking into account the specific needs of individual segments of consumers. According to the results of the calculations, it is advisable that the confectionery enterprises of Ukraine should focus on the production of sugar confectionery, which will increase the competitive advantage in the international market.

In the article a disaggregated approach to analysing Ukraine’s export performance is proposed whereby export performance is analysed for total, agricultural and non-agricultural products and; preferred total, preferred agricultural and preferred non-agriculture. The results show that there are significant and opposing trends in Ukraine’s exports to the EU under the DCFTA at a disaggregated level.

Background. The existing theory of international portfolio has the complicated gnoceological structure. It is developing on the basis of two existing paradigms and demonstrating more and more interdisciplinary features. Traditional approaches to international portfolio investing rest upon rational behavior of investing individuals whereas this assumption is often not valid in real life. Behavioral theories focus on specific behavioral deviations and biases of investment decisions and can boast frequent empirical testing. The aim of the article is to determine the place of behavioral portfolio theory in the modern knowledge system of international portfolio investing, to identify the main directions of its relationship with other components of existing knowledge based on the study of its basic features and shortcomings. Materials and methods. The study grounds on generally accepted scientific methods of research such as analysis and synthesis, abstraction, historical method and systemic approach as well as on specific methods such as logical and graphical modelling etc. The literature and material used include scientific publications and monographs of leading scientists in the field of financial theory, international portfolio investing and behaviorism. Results. The emergence of behavioral portfolio theory was preceded by theories of more general direction. The prospect theory (1979) contradicts the utility approach. It suggests another method of risk-acceptance decision that is based on such behavioral effects as eliminating and certainty. The SP/A (1987) theory operates the following important people feelings such as security, potential and aspiration. The behavioral portfolio theory was formulated in 2000 and is based on the idea of multiple mental accounting. T. Howard theory of behavioral portfolio management (2014) is of scientific importance. It implies that the main factor of changes in market prices is represented by the emotions of crowds that are not able or do not want to release the brakes of their emotions. Behavioral investors should instead be guided by fundamental characteristics of securities and can achieve success via investing in the direction opposite to the crowds. Conclusion. Behavioral theory of international portfolio investing is extremely significant, positive and widely spread though it cannot be identified as a paradigm in gnoceological understanding of portfolio investing. Behavioral theories do not explain the decisions of international investors - they only ground on methodology of existing portfolio and value investing paradigms. However, behavioral theories are especially relevant for international portfolio investing since this process includes investors of different countries, cultures, mentality, outlooks, traditions etc. and imply cross-cultural environment.

Background. In the face of increasing globalization challenges and increasing the level of riskiness in all areas of economic life, the problems of competition policy implementation, improving the mechanism of control over the functioning of the competitive environment, competition protection and increasing the competitiveness of national market entities are urgent. The analysis of the international experience peculiarities of increasing the institutional capacity of national competition authorities is an important scientific task. Analysis of recent researches and publications indicates that, despite the existence of some scientific developments, the research issue of the institutional capacity of national antitrust authorities requires further deep and systematic scientific research. The aim of the article includes the disclosure of theoretical foundations and practical aspects generalization of the institutional capacity formation of national competition offices and determining the directions of its increase. Materials and methods. A set of methods and approaches that enables the realization of system and conceptual unity of the research, namely dialectical, systemic and comparative analysis and synthesis is used by the author. Results. The competition policy, which is conducted primarily by the national competition authority takes an important place in the system of economy state regulation. The complexity of functioning and development process of competitive relations necessitates the state competition policy formation as a separate direction of economic policy. The results of the analysis identified the issues the resolution of which should increase the level of institutional capacity of national antitrust authorities. This is an improvement of cartel conspiracy detection and investigation procedures; exemption from liability of business entities who provided the information about cartels; bringing the order of control over concentrations and concerted actions to EU standards; procedure improvement of carrying out inspections of compliance with the requirements of Law on Protection of Competition by business entities. Conclusion. Based on the conducted analysis of the theoretical foundations and the practical aspects of the institutional capacity of the national antitrust authorities, it can be argued that the competition enforcement and advocacy procedures have a decisive influence on these processes. Therefore, the institutional capacity improvement of national antitrust authorities is linked to: openness to the business sector; the implementation of competition standards proven by world practice; raising the cost thresholds in concentration control matters; amendments to the current legislation on penalties, etc. However, many tasks still need to be solved. First of all, this is an improvement of the existing competition institutions and the introduction of new ones.