Thyroid storm (also known as thyroid or thyrotoxic crisis) is an uncommon condition reflecting an extreme physiological state within the spectrum of thyrotoxicosis. The condition is rare, however, mortality rates are high and may approach 10–20%.

Reproduction is a fundamental aspect of life in all species. In a biological sense, it can be argued that reproduction is the essence of life. Passing on ones genes to the next generation and constantly optimizing the gene pool available for each individual and the species as a whole are vital for continuation and endurance of the species. Reproduction and hormones are intimately connected; thus, hormones are a prerequisite for reproduction and govern nearly all aspects of successful creation in both females and males. Therefore, to numerous scientists, reproductive endocrinology is one of the most fascinating disciplines in science, and it is a pleasure that now finally there is a scientific journal dedicated specifically to reproductive endocrinology

Pioglitazone (brand name Actos) is a prescription drug of the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class with hypoglycemic (antihyperglycemic, antidiabetic) action to treat diabetes. Pioglitazone is one of the antidiuretic agents used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The effect of pioglitazone on blood glucose, lipid profile, liver enzymes and weight has been shown with conflicting results. In this study we aim to evaluate the effect of pioglitazone on the weight, lipid profile and liver enzymes in patients with DM.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision-loss globally. Of an estimated 285 million people with diabetes mellitus worldwide, approximately one third have signs of DR and of these, a further one third of DR is vision-threatening DR, including diabetic macular edema (DME). The identification of established modifiable risk factors for DR such as hyperglycemia and hypertension has provided the basis for risk factor control in preventing onset and progression of DR. Additional research investigating novel risk factors has improved our understanding of multiple biological pathways involved in the pathogenesis of DR and DME, especially those involved in inflammation and oxidative stress. Variations in DR prevalence between populations have also sparked interest in genetic studies to identify loci associated with disease susceptibility.

Pituitary adenoma (PA) is a benign primary tumor that arises from the pituitary gland and is associated with ophthalmological, neurological and endocrinological abnormalities. However, causes that increase tumor progressing recurrence and invasiveness are still undetermined.