Background: Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is one of the important interventions that must be implemented immediately after birth, contributing to minimizing postpartum bleeding. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of using KMC in reducing postpartum bleeding among laboring women. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial (Posttest design) was used in the present study. The study was conducted in the labor and delivery unit at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC), Jeddah. 100 laboring women were recruited for the study randomly and divided into two equal groups. The intervention group had KMC while the control group received routine hospital care. Results: The homogeneity is shown among the participants and approved as there is no significant difference between both groups according to socio-demographic and obstetric data. There were statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups regarding the amount of blood loss related to KMC (p-value = 0.000). Also, a successful ?rst breastfeeding was higher among the intervention group than the control group (p-value = 0.002). Conclusions: The mothers who had KMC immediately after birth had lesser amounts of blood loss and experienced early successful breastfeeding initiation and continuous education and training programs to all midwives and nurses working in the labor and delivery about the importance of implementing KMC.

The rates of placenta praevia and accreta are rising, probably as a result of increasing rates of cesarean delivery, as well as maternal age and assisted reproductive technology. In this paper, we present a case report of a pregnancy complicated by anterior placenta praevia and accreta, in which the uterine extra-abdominal exposure technique was used to proceed the hysterotomy in the uterine fundus in order to avoid excessive bleeding and also to better evaluate the lower segment and consequent hysterectomy requirement. The main objective of this procedure is to describe a surgical technique which should guide the hysterotomy, in a position far enough away from the placenta site (fundus or posterior), in order to prevent bleeding complications in placental accreta disorders.

Aim/Background: To reduce maternal mortality (MM), access to family planning and reproductive health care services are key strategies. Access to and use by marginalized populations pose a substantial challenge. The objective of this study was to describe the reproductive history of female sex workers (FSWs) before and during sex work. Materials and methods: FSWs aged =18 years were recruited in Benin, and Mali, to answer a questionnaire during a face-to-face interview. Descriptive analyses were carried out and comparisons made between countries (Pearson chi-square) and between the periods before (BSW) and during sex work (DSW) practice within women in each country (McNemar chi-square). In addition, multiple imputations were used to estimate and compare the incidence rate of pregnancy BSW and DSW calculated with a generalized linear model for count data with a Poisson distribution and a log link. Results: Mean age was 26 years in Mali (n=322) and 35 years in Benin (n=330). More women had at least one pregnancy BSW compared to DSW in both Mali (62.1%-vs-33.5%) and Benin (91.2%-vs-32.7%). The pregnancies occurring DSW had lower livebirth rates (57.9%-vs-74.7% Mali, 17.6%-vs-60.6% Benin) and ended more often with a therapeutic abortion, DSW compared to BSW, especially in Benin (65.2%-vs-25.6%). The level of complications associated with therapeutic abortion was high, both DSW (23%) and BSW (20%). The incidence rate of pregnancy was about twice lower DSW compared to BSW [incidence rate ratio (IRR): 0.49; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.37-0.66-Mali and IRR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.32-0.63-Benin]. Conclusion: In both Benin and Mali, FSWs had more pregnancies during the period preceding sex work practice, about twice more than during sex work when considering the differences in incidence rates. Single mothers need to be supported to avoid sex work as a financial solution. On the other hand, the reproductive needs of FSWs need to be acknowledged to reduce maternal mortality within this marginalized population. It is of paramount importance that interventions remain focused on reproductive health and prevent unwanted pregnancies, answer contraceptive needs and provide safe therapeutic abortions.

Introduction: Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is defined as the isolation of bacterial strain in quantitative counts =105cfu/mL in the urine without the presence of any symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence and pathogen microorganisms of ASB, and the most appropriate diagnostic test in the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods: In this study, 312 pregnant women were included. Midstream culture by conventional methods and urinalysis were done. By considering the urine culture as the gold standard, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of bacteriuria and pyuria were calculated. Results: ASB prevalence was found at 6.7%. Specificity and sensitivity for bacteriuria were 77% and 100%. Specificity and sensitivity for pyuria was 65% and 61%. The common pathojens was E.coli (85.7%). Conclusion: Pyuria and bacteriuria may not a major determinant of the ASB but may be useful as a screening test.