The Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) is a crucial social assistance effort in the Philippines designed to alleviate poverty by providing specific financial aid to families in need. This study was conducted to determine the Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) support and its implication to school performance in Opol West District, Division of Misamis Oriental during the School Year 2022-2023. Specifically, it sought to: 1.) assess the respondents level of 4Ps support in terms of education, health, and nutrition; 2.) find the program support implication to school performance during the School Year 2019 to 2022 considering the enrolment rate, dropout rate, and graduation rate; and 3.) determine the significant relationship between the level of 4Ps support and its implication to school performance. The respondents were the one hundred fifty (150) Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program beneficiaries in Opol West District, Opol, Misamis Oriental. The study employed the descriptive correlation method of research, which was essentially a quantitative description of the overall features of a selected group. The questionnaires were modified to match the demands of the study and to get the intended outcome. Moreover, descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation were used to describe the variables in the study. A Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient ( r ) was also used to determine a significant relationship between the level of 4Ps support and its implication for school performance. The findings revealed that the respondents level of 4Ps support in terms of education, health, and nutrition is high. As to the program support implication to school performance, on average, the enrolment rate stands at 19.80 %, the dropout rate at 0.03%, and the graduation rate at 10.18%. There have been effective measures implemented in the 4Ps to better support students, resulting in improved educational programs. There is a significant relationship between the level of 4P support and its implications for school performance. Most of the respondents prioritize nutrition over education due to the immediate and tangible impact on their well-being, where basic needs are a daily struggle. It is recommended that school heads should encourage their subordinates to strive hard in their areas of responsibility for quality education. Efficient classroom management can bolster students motivation to attend school regularly, therefore enhancing their academic performance. This study investigated the degree to which teachers classroom management in terms of modeling behavior, assessment practices, and learning atmosphere. Furthermore, it investigated the relationship between teachers ability to manage their classrooms and students academic performance. This study employed a descriptive-correlational research methodology, which involved analyzing documents and administering a questionnaire designed by the researcher. The study was conducted with a sample size of 143 teachers from the East 2 District in the Cagayan de Oro City Division. The teachers were selected by the use of the Stratified Random Sampling approach, which involved the application of Slovins Formula. The students grades for the first and second quarters of the School Year 2023-2024 were also considered. Evidence suggests that teachers routinely apply classroom management techniques. The modeling behavior and learning atmosphere are extensively nurtured and given priority. Most students are at the level of Very Satisfactory in their academic performance. There exists a moderate positive correlation between the effectiveness of teachers classroom management and the academic performance of students. Teachers can act as good role models for students in a supportive learning environment, which can help to cultivate students motivation to attend school and improve their academic performance.

Hamka is an Indonesia Muslim scholar and he is known as a Qur anic sholar. He has interpreted the Qur an verses about specific topic of Islam such as education and non-violence education. Hamka s concept on nonviolence education has been widely adopted and implemented in Indonesia education institutions. This study aim is to investigate the concept Hamka s non-violence education based on Qur an verses in his book Tafsir of Al-Azhar. This study is a literature review study and used qualitative approach. Data was gathered from publiashed books, journal articles, conference proceedings, and research reports. The results of this study show that in al-Azhar s interpretation there are several verses from the Koran that discuss the theme of anti-violence education. These verses include messages about love, gentleness, wisdom and good examples in educating children. Apart from that, there are also verses that condemn acts of violence against children. Hamka, in interpreting these verses, places a strong emphasis on the importance of avoiding violence in educating children.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of modeling learning on the counting ability of early grade students in the District Public Elementary School P. The type of research conducted was quantitative quasi experiment. The research was conducted by involving two groups of classes, namely the experimental group and the control group. The research population included all early grade elementary school students in the District P area. The research sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through two main techniques, namely counting tests through pre-test and post-test, and observation. Data analysis used descriptive statistical techniques and Paired t-test. The results of the Paired t-test test for modeling learning have an effect on early grade counting learning with a statistical calculation of t count (3.76) > t table (1.68). The conclusion of this research is that modeling learning can significantly improve learning outcomes in arithmetic learning for early grade elementary school students.

The purpose of this reaserch to describe and analyze the Islamic Personal Development program to shape the character of students at SD IT Mutiara Hati Purwareja Klampok Banjarnegara. This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The subjects of this research were the principal, teachers and students at SD IT Mutiara Hati Purwareja Klampok Banjarnegara. The object of this research is the Islamic Personal Development program which is implemented at SD IT Mutiara Hati Purwareja Klampok Banjarnegara to shape the character of students. The methods used to obtain data are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this research show that the Islamic Personal Development program implemented at SD IT Mutiara Hati Purwareja Klampok Banjarnegara includes Routine Development through Teaching and Learning Activities, BPI infaq, Commemoration of Islamic, Welcoming the Month of Ramadan, Ramadan Cheerful, Mutabaah, and Courtesy Practices at school. The Islamic Personal Development program is forming the religious, honest, disciplined, responsible and socially caring character of students at SD IT Mutiara Hati Purwareja Klampok Banjarnegara.

The prevalence of complaints regarding CTS still become unknown problem due to very few people can make diagnosis and there are minimal reports of incidents from the formal and informal sectors. Batik craftsmen those who have a risk of complaints regarding CTS. This may occur due to repetitive hand movements, forceful hand movements, pressure on the hands or wrists, static hand positions, non-ergonomic hand and upper body positions, as well as flexion and extension positions. This study aims to determine the factors related to complaints regarding CTS among Batik Craftsmen. This was a cross sectional study with a quantitative approach. The study population involved all batik craftsmen in Trusmi Kulon Village, with total number of 135 people. There were 57 samples selected based on the Slovin formula and Accidental Sampling technique. The study instruments applied were questionnaire and observation sheet regarding working posture using RULA. Data were analyzed using the Chi Square test. The results that old age, long years of service and highrisk working posture were found as factors related to the incidence of CTS among batik craftsmen.

Various seafood items, such as octopus, fish, shrimp, lobsters, mussels, scallops, oysters, and others, are commonly displayed on ice. Popular seafood items like salmon, lobster, and shrimp are often collectively called "seafood." Although previous studies have explored the lyrics of Manado songs extensively, there remains a notable lack of research specifically focused on traditional Minahasan food names within these songs. The research utilizes a qualitative approach, specifically a phenomenological method, within an ethnographic research framework. The analysis aims to evaluate the frequency and preferences of international tourists regarding Minahasan cuisine. The research employs a combination of observation, participant observation, and interviews to gather data. Manado City and Minahasa Regency informants are selected using purposive sampling for interviews and observations. This perspective is supported by evidence showing that some communities can effectively engage with various forces. The finding show that the vocabulary of traditional Minahasa food names in Manado songs includes various types of Dabu-Dabu, such as Dabu-Dabu Biasa, Dabu-Dabu Lilang, Dabu-Dabu Iris, Dabu-Dabu Lemong, Dabu-Dabu Roa, Dabu-Dabu Cakalang, Dabu-Dabu Bakasang, and Dabu-Dabu Lompa. These terms illustrate the rich and intricate culinary diversity of Minahasa, showcasing the depth of local culture. Secondly, the meanings of these food names in Manado songs go beyond their literal definitions, serving as homonyms with social, cultural, and economic implications. These meanings highlight the profound relationship between food and Minahasa identity, underscoring food s role as a symbol and essential element of their daily life and cultural traditions.

This study aims to determine the effect of rondo game practice on the passing skills of football players. This study is a type of experimental research of one group pretest-posttest design with 16 treatments. The population in this study is 40 people, then the 40 population is not all used, only 24 athletes meet the criteria as subjects in this study. The instruments in this study are tests, observations, interviews, and documentation. The validity of the test in this study was 0.812 and the reliability was 0.879. The data analysis techniques of this study use prerequisite tests including normality tests, homogeneity tests, and t-test or t-est. The results of this study prove that training based on the rondo game method has a significant impact on the accuracy of passing in football games. This is proven by the results of data analysis in this study with a percentage of 0.000 < 0.05, thus the hypothesis in the study is proven to have an influence on football athletes of the Student Activity Unit of the University of the Union of Teachers 1945 East Nusa Tenggara. Then it is strengthened by the statistical results of the mann whitney test with an asymp. sig. (2-tailed) value of 0.750 > 0.05, Ha is rejected and Ho is accepted. The result of the score for the rondo game was 48.69 which means that the influence of the rondo game was greater. Based on the results of the study, the researcher concluded that there is a significant influence of the rondo game practice method on improving passing skills.

The Utility Department is a critical component that helps a company s processes work smoothly. The Utility Department is responsible for a number of activities, such as waste treatment, fuel delivery, and electrical supply units. Considering the significance of this position, the Department must take into account a number of factors, including employee performance, information sharing, and organizational culture. Thus, the purpose of this study is to ascertain and evaluate how organizational culture and information sharing impact workers performance at PT XYZ s Utility Department. This study employed a quantitative approach using a descriptive research design. Subsequently, 40 employees of PT XYZ s Utility Department participated in the sample, which was conducted utilizing a saturated sampling method and a non-probability sampling technique. Partial least squares based structural equation modelling and descriptive analysis are the methods of data analysis that are employed. The result of this research, we find that organizational culture has a positive impact on employee performance while Knowledge Sharing has no influence on employee performance.

Many disasters are occurring around the world in connection with global warming. Many studies are being carried out to find ways to reduce emission levels of greenhouse gases. Reducing fossil fuel consumption is the most common method used to reduce emissions. In this study, the heat gain of a model building with specific window film properties is estimated. The results are presented comparatively for three film types coated on clear and tinted glass. The heat gain estimation is performed adaptively for summer days considering geographical location, glazing, building and humidity characteristics. Estimations are made for seven types of window films. A cost analysis is carried out considering the location, temperature and façade of the sample building.

Parents have greatly influenced the overall development of children. This study set out to evaluate the degree of parents participation among beneficiaries of 4Ps program and the correlation between it and their academic performance. Academic performance of students is the dependent variable, while parents involvement in parenting, communication, volunteering, at-home learning, decision-making, and community collaboration are the independent variables. This study was conducted at Villanueva South District, Villanueva Misamis Oriental. It employed a descriptive-correlational study design with documentary analysis. Respondents were selected through stratified random sampling. An adapted and modified questionnaire was used. Descriptive and inferential statistical tools like frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient were utilized to analyze and interpret the collected data. Results revealed that 4Ps parents are partially involved. The pupils academic performance is at satisfactory level. Parents involvement and pupils academic performance are significantly correlated. Thus, if parents are greatly involved with their childrens affairs including studies, it would increase the pupils academic performance. This calls for continued parents involvement by strengthening collaboration with teachers to support pupils academic performance and track their pupils learning activities at school and home.

Multigrade classes hold significant importance in the field of education as they address several critical needs simultaneously. This study sought to determine the levels of classroom management practices and academic performance of learners in multigrade classes and its relationship. It employed a descriptive-correlational research design with documentary analysis. This study utilized a survey questionnaire from TS MPPE (2017) and conducted to Two Hundred Twenty-Four (224) learners in four (4) multigrade schools of Talisayan District, Division of Misamis Oriental. The learners’ average grade for the First and Second Quarter of the School Year 2023-2024 was also used. It employed the Mean and Standard Deviation and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) to ascertain significant relationship between classroom management practices of multigrade classes and learners’ academic performance. Results showed an overall high classroom practice with facilities and resources as very high. Learners have Very Satisfactory average rating for their academic performance. A significant relationship exists between classroom management practices and learners’ academic performance, thus rejecting the null hypothesis. It concluded that the availability of the facilities and resources like technology play a fundamental role in enhancing the academic performance of the learners. Thus, multigrade teachers may sustain the best classroom management practices to maintain if not to reach the highest academic performance of learners while they are in the multigrade classes.

Efficient classroom management can bolster students motivation to attend school regularly, therefore enhancing their academic performance. This study investigated the degree to which teachers classroom management in terms of modeling behavior, assessment practices, and learning atmosphere. Furthermore, it investigated the relationship between teachers ability to manage their classrooms and students academic performance. This study employed a descriptive-correlational research methodology, which involved analyzing documents and administering a questionnaire designed by the researcher. The study was conducted with a sample size of 143 teachers from the East 2 District in the Cagayan de Oro City Division. The teachers were selected by the use of the Stratified Random Sampling approach, which involved the application of Slovin s Formula. The students grades for the first and second quarters of the School Year 2023-2024 were also considered. Evidence suggests that teachers routinely apply classroom management techniques. The modeling behavior and learning atmosphere are extensively nurtured and given priority. Most students are at the level of Very Satisfactory in their academic performance. There exists a moderate positive correlation between the effectiveness of teachers classroom management and the academic performance of students. Teachers can act as good role models for students in a supportive learning environment, which can help to cultivate students motivation to attend school and improve their academic performance.

Graduating students must think critically, work well in teams, and handle challenging situations to succeed in today s fast-paced world. The objective of this study was to explore how the dimensions of social capital (economic, symbolic, cultural, and social) influenced the development of critical thinking, communication, and collaboration skills in graduating students. Using a descriptive-correlational design with regression analysis an adapted and modified questionnaire was conducted to 329 graduating students through stratified random sampling using Slovin s formula from Manolo Fortich and Alae High Schools. Findings revealed that students perceived social connections as the most prominent aspect of their social capital, with collaboration emerging as the most valued 21st century employment skill. Through collaboration, social connections, and team trust, the students adapted by openly discussing diverse perspectives, challenging assumptions, and collectively innovating solutions to intricate technical challenges. While the symbolic, cultural, and social dimensions positively correlated with employment skills, the symbolic dimension showed the strongest relationship. The economic dimension, however, did not exhibit a significant correlation. The study highlighted the symbolic dimension as the most influential predictor of employment skills, followed by the cultural dimension. It was recommended to focus on improving the economic dimension to enhance overall social capital, positively impacting 21st century employment skills.

Assessing and enhancing teachers ability to deliver high-quality instruction significantly relies on the instructional supervision practices of school heads. The objective of this study was to determine the level of instructional supervision practices of school heads, the level of efficacy of teachers, the significant correlation between these variables and the specific instructional supervision practices that impact the efficacy of teachers among the four (4) schools of Impasugong I District, Division of Bukidnon for School Year 2023-2024. The study employed a descriptive correlational and causal design to one hundred seventeen (117) teachers. The data was collected using an adapted and modified questionnaire. The statistical tools used were mean, standard deviation, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r), and linear regression. The study revealed that respondents hold an excellent view of the school heads instructional supervision practices, particularly those conducted on pre-observations. Additionally, it was demonstrated that these practices were Highly Effective in boosting teachers confidence and effectiveness. A significant relationship exists between the school heads instructional supervision practices and efficacy of teachers, thus rejecting the null hypothesis and that pre-observation practices were most emphasized by school heads. Based on these findings, it is recommended to enhance post-observation practices by providing allocation of resources towards supporting teachers professional growth, and prioritizing pre- and post-observation practices to improve teacher effectiveness.

Technology integration in education transforms teaching and learning by improving efficiency, accessibility, and student participation in the classroom. This study examines the teachers profile, competency, and barriers that influence the use of ICT between public school teachers in Tagoloan East and West Districts during the School Year 2023–2024. Specifically, the study sought to determine the respondents level of competency in the ICT domain and the barriers to using ICT. This study involved two hundred thirty-six (236) respondents from the public elementary and secondary schools of Tagoloan District using the Slovins formula. It used the descriptive research design and an adapted and modified survey questionnaire to collect data. The descriptive correlational method was used to evaluate the samples with statistical analysis including standard deviation, frequency, percentage, mean scores, and Pearson r correlation. The findings showed that teachers ICT ability is significantly influenced by age, teaching experience, and attitude, and there is a notable relationship between ICT skills and barriers related to manpower, policy, and facilities. Further, enhancing teachers ICT competence through advanced technology training and effective integration methods aims to provide proficient educational experiences for 21st-century learners and improve teaching professionalism and efficacy. It is concluded that teachers face challenges in implementing ICT policies, including limited resources, reluctance to change, technological issues, and inadequate training. Factors like age, experience, and attitude influence these barriers. Additionally, it is recommended that schools should train proficient teachers as ICT experts to assist in incorporating technology into classroom teaching. This expert should provide ongoing support and training through mentoring programs. Teachers with limited technology experience are encouraged to improve their ICT integration skills, ensuring they can adapt to current trends and provide advanced educational experiences in the 21st century.

Drinking water sources have always contributed to water quality positively or negatively. This study assessed the perception of drinking water sources and quality on the health of residents in Buea municipality. It employed the use of questionnaires and water quality tests in six selected communities to understand residents perceptions and potential health risks associated with drinking water quality. The study included 340 participants selected through convenience sampling across 8 communities. The findings revealed that consumer perception of public water supply quality in the study area focused on aesthetic features such as taste, color, trust in the water utility provider, and safety. Dissatisfaction with the physical appearance of water sources was reported by 32.3% of population, while 56.2% expressed satisfaction. Odor, taste, and color significantly affected satisfaction levels. A significant proportion (40.6% and 42.4%) indicated a lack of trust or partial trust in water utility providers due to limited information received. Additionally, 68.8% of participants perceived their water as unsafe primarily due to frequently experienced waterborne diseases, with health effects identified as a key indicator of water quality deterioration by 65.2% of respondents. Water samples collected from public supplies generally met WHO recommendations for physicochemical parameters, except for turbidity, which exceeded the recommended 5 NTU in all samples. Microbial contamination, indicated by the presence of total coliforms, was detected in four water samples. The health survey data revealed a high incidence (68.53%) of water-related diseases among respondents, including typhoid, diarrhea, dysentery, cholera, and stomachaches. These research outcomes enhance understanding of the relationship between residents perception of drinking water sources, water quality, and health outcomes in Buea municipality. The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, water management authorities, and public health officials to develop strategies that improve water quality, address residents concerns, and safeguard public health.

The purpose of this study was to assess the value of different models exercise therapy emphasizing exercise for the management of knee osteoarthritis. This analysis included data from four trials with a total of 1,317 individuals. The exercise therapy models included were exercise therapy, elastic band therapy, traditional wuqinx therapy, and tai chi. The trials included in this meta-analysis suggest that people with knee osteoarthritis may benefit greatly from exercise-based therapy in terms of pain reduction, improved function, and improved quality of life. These findings suggest that exercise-based therapy offers a nonpharmacological, low-risk, and cost-effective treatment option for knee osteoarthritis. Exercise-based therapy should be considered as a primary treatment option for patients with knee osteoarthritis by all health care practitioners. Future research should explore the potential benefits of combining exercise-based interventions with other treatment options and determine the optimal exercise program for different stages of knee osteoarthritis.

This article aims to analyze the reality of citizenship and how education can play a role in changing the corrupt status quo in the article entitled “Citizenship, Race and the Hidden Curriculum” by David Gillborn. This article was published in the journal “International Studies in Sociology of Education” in 1992. The type of research used in this study is qualitative research and uses library research methods. Data collection techniques use document studies (books, journals, and proceedings) as well as the internet or information related to this study. Data collection is carried out through two documentation techniques. This article explains about: First, by conducting a survey of library materials to collect relevant materials. Second, by conducting a literature study to study materials related to the research object. Hidden Curriculum and Citizenship: Through the hidden curriculum, schools have taught much about the realities of citizenship for Black people. Teaching Stereotypes and Empowerment: While the hidden curriculum often limits the rights of Black students, teachers also have the opportunity to challenge stereotypes and empower students by implementing anti-racist principles. The Importance of Acknowledging and Challenging Racism: This article highlights one of the urgent needs is to acknowledge and challenge the racism that operates in schools and society.

The study evaluates how Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) can be used in predicting and ranking factors influencing repeat patronage of betting brands among youths in Southwest, Nigeria. In an attempt to achieve this, a descriptive survey design was chosen for this study through the administration of questionnaire in collecting data from the sampled population of the study. The study population is non deterministic, since it involves all youths participating in betting across Southwest, Nigeria and no official record of such participation exists anywhere in the country. The study made use of the ten most ranked physical betting platforms in Nigeria, viz: Betway, Parimatch, BetNaija, 1XBet, 22 Bet, Bet 365, Betwinner, Melbet, Wazobet and Nairabet as the study sample frame as well as youths of the six major cities across Southwest States in Nigeria. T he study population is 3,620 youths, in the proportion of 665, 852, 347, 508, 645 and 603 across the six cities chosen. The total population was considered as sample. Hence, an adoption of census sampling technique. The study found that, unemployment comes first, followed by love for sports, hope of winning in future, peer influence, promised bonus and technological advancement in that order.

For individuals, conforming to beauty standards sometimes requires body transformations such as voluntary skin depigmentation. Skin depigmentation is a growing phenomenon in society. The reasons given in the literature vary from country to country. The health, economic and social consequences have been reported in the literature. Although the harmfulness of this practice is well known, people continue to use it, even though they are sometimes well informed and aware of it, despite the fact that it is a behaviour that is considered risky for their health. To understand this risky behaviour, individuals put forward reasons that may explain it, thus providing a means of analysis. This study uses the semi-directive interview method. It is made up of men and women aged between 18 and 50 from the town of Foumbot, recruited using purposive sampling. The study shows that the reasons given for this practice are either internal or external to the individual. The results show that most of the respondents have a good knowledge of voluntary skin depigmentation and the meaning they give to it. This study shows that depigmentation is not only practised by women, even men use lightening products. Individuals would therefore do well to accept themselves as they are (self-acceptance), as this practice has health, economic and social consequences.

This study aims to analyse the influence of school culture, flagship programmes, and school management on the quality of education at Citra Bangsa Mandiri Christian Junior High School in Kupang. The research employs a quantitative methodology, providing a causal analysis design to examine the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable. The sample consists of teachers and staff at Citra Bangsa Mandiri Christian Junior High School in Kupang. The sample is a saturated one, comprising 57 individuals, with data collected through a closed questionnaire using a Likert scale and analysed using SPSS software. The results indicate a significant influence of school culture, flagship programmes, and school management on the quality of education, both simultaneously and partially. Furthermore, the findings also reveal that flagship programmes have a dominant influence in improving educational quality.

One of the main indicators for assessing the effectiveness of mangrove planting in coastal ecosystem rehabilitation is monitoring the population of fauna that depend on their habitat, one of which is snails. This study analyzes the changes in snail population in coastal areas after mangrove planting in the first year. Specifically, this study will compare the snail population in areas where mangroves were planted with areas where mangroves were not planted as an effort to understand the initial impact of mangrove planting on the snail community. Using a comparative approach, this study was conducted on the beach of Tongo Village, Bone Pantai District, Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province. The research results show a significant difference in the presence of snail populations in areas where mangroves were planted compared to areas without mangroves. Additionally, the areas with mangroves also showed the presence of crabs as another species besides snails. This emphasizes the importance of mangroves as a supporting ecosystem for biodiversity in coastal areas.

Generation Z students urgently need innovative learning because they have a low interest in learning and creativity. This study aims to increase students interest in learning and creativity through a project-based learning model. This mixed research consists of qualitative and quantitative data from a population of 48 students. The results showed an increase in student interest in learning and creativity after the Instagram reels project-based learning model was implemented, with the percentage of interest in learning reaching 85% and the average value of creativity reaching a score of 92, where both were in the outstanding category. These results are supported by observations and interviews that show students enthusiasm in working on the Instagram reels video project to the maximum. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended that in the future, there is a need for analysis of innovative learning models that provide space for students on campus to be able to selfactualize through the development of their generation.

The article aims to systematize buying and selling labor power under the condition of money as a measure, showing that job positions are just commodities bought, resold, and traded like any other commodity, making monopoly behavior popular. The article s content is approached from human and social philosophy to achieve the above purpose while simultaneously combining qualitative methods and synthetic analysis. The result is to clarify that all human attributes have the survival value of species; they become different commodities in production and business, measured by standards and money. Throughout the article, the natural world is diverse, with many species, and each species has unique survival characteristics. While animals live mainly in nature, humans create and live on the products of labor. The division of labor has created a complex society with many different occupations and social positions. Money, a tool of exchange, gradually becomes a measure of the value of everything, from labor and products to people. When money becomes the goal of life, people can lose higher spiritual values. This raises questions about the nature of happiness and the meaning of life in a society where money plays a significant role.

One of the main indicators for assessing the effectiveness of mangrove planting in coastal ecosystem rehabilitation is monitoring the population of fauna that depend on their habitat, one of which is snails. This study analyzes the changes in snail population in coastal areas after mangrove planting in the first year. Specifically, this study will compare the snail population in areas where mangroves were planted with areas where mangroves were not planted as an effort to understand the initial impact of mangrove planting on the snail community. Using a comparative approach, this study was conducted on the beach of Tongo Village, Bone Pantai District, Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province. The research results show a significant difference in the presence of snail populations in areas where mangroves were planted compared to areas without mangroves. Additionally, the areas with mangroves also showed the presence of crabs as another species besides snails. This emphasizes the importance of mangroves as a supporting ecosystem for biodiversity in coastal areas.

Joko Widodos commitment in terms of eradicating corruption in Indonesia is very low, this is shown through the neglect of public voices on social media in the discourse of weakening the KPK. This study aims to explain the widespread public rejection of all efforts to weaken the KPK and analyze the factors that cause the government to choose to be ambiguous and lead to neglect. This research uses observation methods, documentation, literature studies and big data analysis. The study presents a different perspective from research that has discussed social media activism towards the weakening of anti-corruption institutions in Indonesia. The results of this study found that anti-corruption activism on social media was effective, such as the use of hashtags, coherent logic and credible actors, contributing to the rejection of the revision of the KPK Law and the dismissal of KPK employees through the National Insight Test. However, the massive anti-corruption movement on social media has no impact on the Joko Widodo administrations policymaking in the field of eradicating corruption, this paper also reveals the strong dominance of the political elite in policy making. The conclusion of this article is that the effectiveness of movements on social media to cause public unrest does not necessarily have an impact on decision-making made by state organizers.

This scientific paper reviews the position of a Notary in helping to resolve inheritance cases through the preparation of an inheritance statement that reflects the official duties as a factual instrument used to protect the perfection of the inheritance and the use of materials that explain who the heirs are and how much each heirs share is. One of the factual instruments that reports a person as a recipient of inheritance is the Inheritance Deed. An inheritance deed is needed by the recipient of the inheritance in managing the transfer of rights to the inheritance to distribute the inheritance. Inheritance deeds for Indonesian citizens of Chinese (European) descent are made by a Notary, so that the form of the deed can be made in the form of a Partial Deed and an Ambteliijke Deed because both forms of the deed are together forms of authentic deeds that can be made by a Notary and the regulations binding on the making of the deed do not clearly explain the form of an authentic deed that is prioritized for making an Inheritance Deed. Both forms of the Deed also have full checking authority. The inheritance deed corrects the Notarys legal opinion based on the actual legal reality. Although there are no provisions regarding the presence of all recipients of the inheritance, a notary cannot harm the rights and benefits of recipients of the inheritance who do not appear in the deed making process.

At preschool, equipping preschoolers with the skills to identify and prevent dangers is an essential task to ensure their safety and comprehensive development. For children at this age, the ability to perceive risks is limited, so safety education needs to be carried out regularly and effectively. Measures to improve childrens skills include organizing visual educational activities, such as games that simulate dangerous situations, and specific instructions on how to identify dangerous elements in the surrounding environment. For example, through lessons and games, children can learn to distinguish dangerous objects such as knives and scissors, and safe behaviors when communicating with strangers. Improving skills to identify and prevent dangers for preschool children not only helps them protect themselves but also creates a safe and healthy learning environment. This not only protects the health and safety of children but also helps parents and teachers feel more secure during the care and teaching process. By researching and understanding reality, the authors boldly propose measures to contribute to improving awareness and danger prevention skills for preschool children at preschools.

Technological developments bring enormous changes to the transformation in digital finance, one of which is the change in the payment system, from cash to noncash. This change has an impact on the pattern of behavioral changes in both interactions between economic actors, as consumers and production factors. This change in consumer behavior needs to be studied to be able to find out the factors that influence the use of noncash transactions based on the QRIS application for consumers in Mataram City: An Application of the UTAUT 2 Model (Unified Theory of Acceptance And Use of Technology) so that policy makers can make interventions that can ultimately improve development performance. The type of research used is explanatory research with the data collection method used is the sample survey method and data collection techniques through the stages of literature study, observation and direct interviews. Based on the results of the study, it is known that variable performance expectations, social influence, and habits affect the use of QRIS, while variable business expectations, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, and price value have no effect on the u se of QRIS transactions. It is recommended that Bank Indonesia together with Bank financial institutions must continuously ensure through monitoring and evaluation that the use of QRIS as a non-cash payment instrument can accelerate transactions made by co nsumers in addition to the need for continuous dissemination carried out by Bank Indonesia to be able to change consumer behavior related to the use of non-cash transactions through the QRIS application.

The research addresses a notable gap in the literature, as previous studies have primarily focused on academic achievement rather than student satisfaction. The key research questions investigate the factors influencing student satisfaction, including the roles of teachers, students, and families. The research employed a quantitative method, utilizing SPSS software for data analysis. The data was collected through surveys administered to students in selected primary schools. The results highlighted several critical findings: teacher quality, teaching methods, and communication skills, significantly impacted student satisfaction. Student factors, such as interest and engagement in the subject, were also crucial. Additionally, family involvement and support played a pivotal role in shaping students attitudes toward learning Vietnamese. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the importance of a supportive learning environment facilitated by skilled teachers and engaged families. The findings suggest that improving these factors could enhance students satisfaction and overall experience with the Vietnamese language subject, ultimately contributing to better educational outcomes in Binh Duong province.

This paper deals with the dynamic relationship between world crude oil prices and the activities of sunspots in a two-state Markov-Switching Autoregressive (MS-AR) model. The data set used was from February 1994 to May 2023, with crude oil prices and sunspot numbers as an exogenous variable. The MS-AR framework allows for regime-dependent behavior in the intercept and autoregressive coefficients and in the impact of solar activity on oil prices. The result distinguishes two regimes characterized by different degrees of persistence and sensitivity to solar activity. State 1 is highly persistent in the movement of oil prices with a lag 1 coefficient and has a much weaker negative relationship with sunspot activity. On the other hand, State 2 shows lower persistence with a lag 1 coefficient but a stronger negative relationship with sunspots. The transition probabilities denote high stability in both regimes. Asymmetric switching behaviorfavors State1, which is the more persistent state. Model diagnostics values indicate very good fits to the data. The out-of-sample performance of the model does appear quite robust, as only a slight increase in RMSE to out-of-sample occurs. These findings help add to the present understanding of the complex dynamics governing crude oil prices and provide new insights into the possible influence of solar activity on energy markets. This regime-switching behavior found in this study has a bearing on energy policy, risk management, and the interconnections between natural phenomena and economic systems. This research underlines the need for nonlinear model approaches in capturing nuanced relationships in global energy markets.

Learning has now become beyond the four corners of the classroom. Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) enhances learning which students may either develop the 21st Century skills or otherwise. This study aimed to determine the relationship between utilization of ICT and 21st Century skills of students of East 1 District, Division of Gingoog City for SY 2023-2024. Specifically, this study sought to determine the extent of ICT utilization in terms of learning activities, and perceived impact; the level of 21st Century skills of students in terms of learning skill, creative thinking skill, collaborative skill, communication skill, and technological skills. This study employed descriptive correlational research design and utilized a researcher-made questionnaire for the ICT utilization and adapted and modified questionnaire for the 21st Century skills to 293 respondents who were selected through Slovin’s Formula. Mean, Standard Deviation and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient were used to analyze the data. Results revealed that students’ ICT utilization is at high extent. Students’ 21st Century skills are developed specially the collaboration skill. There is a weak positive correlation between the extent of students’ ICT utilization and 21st Century skill. Thus, promoting digital literacy programs to teach students how to effectively use ICT tools, evaluate online information, and understand digital ethics may be emphasized.

Determining students level of ICT proficiency is essential for efficient teaching and learning in the modern higher education setting. This study examines the Bachelor of Science in Information Technology first-year students digital ability while taking into account the variety of experiences that have shaped their technology aptitude. A survey approach was used to collect data including observations, in order to fully investigate students technology skills and learning preferences. The results shed light on the range of digital fluency among first-year students, taking into account individual interests, educational backgrounds, and socioeconomic background. Additionally, this study explores the digital learning materials that students prefer, offering insights into their attitudes and practices around the use of technology in the classroom. This study adds to the current conversation on promoting digital fluency in higher education by using qualitative data.

This study was undertaken to determine the level of leadership styles of public school heads in terms of strategic, transformational, situational, servant and instructional Leadership; to determine the level of teachers job satisfaction in terms of compensation and benefits, social relationship and work environment; to find the significant relationship between leadership styles of public school heads and teachers job satisfaction; and to identify the independent variables singly or in combination that impact/s teachers job satisfaction. The study was conducted at Jasaan North District, Division of Misamis Oriental to one hundred thirty-four (134) teachers as actual respondents through stratified random sampling. The study employed a descriptive- correlational and causal design, which included a quantitative approach through an adapted and modified questionnaire. The study used mean and standard deviation, Pearson Product-Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis to find the relationships among the variables and the most impactful variable/s. The results showed that the school heads leadership style was at very high extent especially on strategic leadership style. The teachers job satisfaction was at satisfied level. A significant low to moderate correlation with transformational and instructional leadership styles having great impact on teachers job satisfaction. Thus, school heads may continue to develop and uphold their skills in practicing leadership styles and give more explicit strategies to support teachers professional growth, to increase teachers compensation and benefits for teachers to attain job satisfaction.

Emotional Intelligence (EI) is the capacity to perceive, understand, and manage ones own emotions and those of others. It encompasses the ability to recognize emotions, use them to enhance thinking and regulate emotions to adapt to the environment and maintain well-being. This study aims to assess the relationship between EI and Filipino work values among one hundred and twenty-one (121) teachers of Tagoloan-East District in the Division of Misamis Oriental School, School Year 2023-2024. Statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation were used to analyze the data. It found that teachers showed very high emotional awareness but lower social skills. Discipline was the highest-rated Filipino work values, while passion as the lowest. There was a positive correlation between all indicators of EI and work values, with self-motivation scoring the highest and social skills the lowest. It was concluded that teachers high emotional awareness enhances their ability to empathize and interact effectively with others. High discipline among teachers indicates a strong commitment to their responsibilities and work ethic. The positive correlation between EI and work values suggests better emotional management with stronger work values. It is recommended that nonverbal communication and reflective practices be improved to express emotions better and foster meaningful connections to maintain a positive mindset. Thus, this enhances active listening, empathy, and social interaction skills.

The effectiveness of the learning paradigm shifted due to the outbreak of COVID-19 on the learning achievement of the Grade 9 students of Santa Maria National High School for the school year 2021-2022. This evaluated how learner characteristics, teacher’s assessment of the students, resources, and learner support or e-learning affected the performance in mathematics besides the student profiles and learning environment. The research study used a descriptive-correlational design. A two-part questionnaire was used to collect data from 211 students’ responses. Findings showed that most of the learners were from poor backgrounds in terms of financial status, and used smartphones in their learning. The learning environment was considered average, and the frequency of e-learning and resource usage was less. Mathematics performance was satisfactory. Statistically significant relationships were established between students’ characteristics classroom contexts, and mathematics achievement. The study concludes that there is a need to improve the support for students which entails provision of resources, learning environment, and e-learning. More studies on the various learning scenarios during the pandemic are encouraged.

The development of urban tourism is inseparable from the increasing use of digital technology in various fields. One of the popular city tours is culinary tourism, in its development it still requires innovation to strengthen the marketing aspect and convenience for tourists. In this context, Tangerang City has an Old Market culinary area that has long provided a variety of Tangerang specialties and contemporary culinary that is being loved by young people. The purpose of this study is to provide recommendations in the process of designing a culinary tour guide in the Old Market. Meanwhile, this research can provide convenience for tourists when visiting the Old Market area. This research was conducted using qualitative research methods that make culinary diversity in the old market area as a portfolio in making this culinary tourism guide which was designed into a digital Flipbook.

This study assessed the service quality and customer satisfaction at Trapiche 2 Waterworks in Tanauan City. The purpose of this research was to determine the quality of water services and their effect on customer satisfaction. A descriptive-correlational design was employed, with data collected from 150 households using stratified random sampling and self-administered questionnaires. The study utilized mean scores and Pearson product-moment correlation for data analysis. Results indicated that the overall service quality, encompassing water quality and quantity with a mean score of 3.00, and personnel service with a mean score of 3.22, was rated as "good" by customers. However, issues such as water discoloration, unpleasant taste, and unreliable supply were noted. Customer satisfaction levels regarding price with a mean score of 3.18, customer service with a mean score of 3.15, and convenience and availability with a mean score of 3.17 were rated as "satisfied," but concern about billing transparency and service consistency remained. A significant relationship was identified between service quality and customer satisfaction with r values that ranged from 0.273 to 0.409 and p values that ranged from 0 to 0.001, emphasizing the need for continuous improvement. The study concluded that enhancing water purification processes, improving personnel training, and increasing transparency in billing could positively impact customer satisfaction. Recommendations included public awareness campaigns on waste management, infrastructure upgrades, and regular customer feedback assessments. This research highlighted the importance of addressing service quality to ensure equitable access to clean and reliable water, ultimately contributing to the communitys well-being and sustainability.

The occurrence of high impedance fault (HIF) in the power system network causes low current signal and sudden voltage surge which is disastrous to power system network. Currently, there has been no available means of detecting and locating HIF which involves low current and voltage arcing but there has been ways for detecting, identifying and locating the occurrences of high current. The occurrence of HIF is based on the contact of transmission and distribution lines with semi conductors which has caused several damages ranging from fire outbreaks to the distruction of power equipment causing increased blackout timeline. In this study, the occurrence of HIF on the Nigerian 330 kV transmission line is studied with the data utilized obtained from the Nigerian control center Osogbo. The data obtained is modeled in simulink and the outcome which is the current signal at normal condition and faulted condition are obtained. The transmission line distance is split into 4 points with the current signal at each point generated in simulink and exported to the matlab file. The data in MATLAB file is split to train, test and validate at 70%, 15% and 15% respectively. The data analysis performed is sent to the ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and ANFIS (Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System) with the current signal at normal condition. A 3-phase HIF is used as input data while the split distance is implemented as the target data to the models. The effectiveness of the the models in detecting and locating HIF obtained are analyzed. From the results of the comparative analysis presented, it is seen that the error deviation of the predicted HIF location with ANN for line 1 is 62 % whereas ANFIS is 2 %. Also, for line 2, ANN has a maximum error deviation of 50 % compared to 10 % of ANFIS. Lastly, ANN has an error deviation of 90 % while ANFIS has 3 % for line 3. This shows that ANFIS is a better model for detection and point location of HIF in the Nigerian 330 kV transmission network.

In this 21st century, teachers are faced with a rapidly changing educational landscape that requires them to possess a new set of skills and competencies to effectively implement inclusive education practices. This study was conducted to determine teachers 21st-century skills and competence on inclusive education. Specifically it sought to answer the following questions; by profiling of respondents, assessing teachers 21st-century skills based on learning and innovation, information, media, and technology, and life and career skills as well as their competence on inclusive education on social regard for learning, knowledge about inclusive education, and diversity of learners; and determining the significance difference 21st-century skills and competence on inclusive education, and exploring the correlation between their competence on education and profile. The respondents of this study were the one hundred seventy-one (171) teachers in Opol East and West Districts, Division of Misamis Oriental for the School Year 2023-2024 was obtained using Slovins Formula. The questionnaires were adopted and employed descriptive research design method and used simple random sampling for collecting data from the sample population of interest. Frequency, percentages, mean, standard deviation and Pearson-r were used to interpret the data of the level respondents profile and significance difference on 21st-century skills and competence on inclusive education. The findings of the study revealed that respondents possess a very high level of 21st-century skills and competence on inclusive education, with a positive significant relationship between these skills as well as significant correlation between respondents competence on inclusive education and their profile. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of professional development in 21st-century teaching practices. The study recommends government incentives, school head mentoring, and SPED teachers collaboration. It also suggests creating curriculum programs to bridge gaps in inclusive education and maximizing teachers competence on inclusive education. In the end, giving these factors a top priority is essential for developing a supportive school environment and maximizing teachers 21st-century skills and competence on inclusive education.

Reading motivation and engagement are crucial factors for developing good literacy skills and fostering a love for reading. This study was conducted to determine the reading motivation and engagement among Grade IV learners. Specifically, sought to answer the level of reading motivation regarding reading efficacy, reading challenge, reading curiosity, aesthetic enjoyment for reading, reading recognition, and reading competition, as well as level of reading engagement in terms of behavioral, affective, cognitive, and social; and the significant relationship between the learners reading motivation and engagement. In this study the respondents were one hundred sixty-one (161) Grade IV learners of Opol West Districts Schools, Misamis Oriental for the School Year 2023-2024 with a margin of error of 7% using a Slovins formula. This study used a patterned and modified questionnaires and employed descriptive design method and simple random sampling to get the appropriate number of respondents in every school. Statistical tools such as means, standard deviation, and Pearson-r were applied to interpret the data on the level and significant relationship between learners reading motivation and engagement. Findings of the study revealed that the respondents have a very high level of reading motivation and high level of reading engagement. There is a positive significant relationship between learners reading motivation and engagement. The study concludes that learners like to challenge themselves to think hard if there were difficult questions and they are proactive in seeking out of meanings of unfamiliar words in books. It recommends that to create a quarterly reading competition activity for learners, assist learners academic and personal development by encouraging them to participate in regular reading activities and giving them access to a variety of interesting reading materials, and learners need push themselves to read more books and materials, and join book clubs or discussion groups. It is important to emphasize the reading motivation and engagement for educational improvement as it illuminates the current state of learners reading deficiency.

Reading motivation and engagement are crucial factors for developing good literacy skills and fostering a love for reading. This study was conducted to determine the reading motivation and engagement among Grade IV learners. Specifically, sought to answer the level of reading motivation regarding reading efficacy, reading challenge, reading curiosity, aesthetic enjoyment for reading, reading recognition, and reading competition, as well as level of reading engagement in terms of behavioral, affective, cognitive, and social; and the significant relationship between the learners reading motivation and engagement. In this study the respondents were one hundred sixty-one (161) Grade IV learners of Opol West Districts Schools, Misamis Oriental for the School Year 2023-2024 with a margin of error of 7% using a Slovins formula. This study used a patterned and modified questionnaires and employed descriptive design method and simple random sampling to get the appropriate number of respondents in every school. Statistical tools such as means, standard deviation, and Pearson-r were applied to interpret the data on the level and significant relationship between learners reading motivation and engagement. Findings of the study revealed that the respondents have a very high level of reading motivation and high level of reading engagement. There is a positive significant relationship between learners reading motivation and engagement. The study concludes that learners like to challenge themselves to think hard if there were difficult questions and they are proactive in seeking out of meanings of unfamiliar words in books. It recommends that to create a quarterly reading competition activity for learners, assist learners academic and personal development by encouraging them to participate in regular reading activities and giving them access to a variety of interesting reading materials, and learners need push themselves to read more books and materials, and join book clubs or discussion groups. It is important to emphasize the reading motivation and engagement for educational improvement as it illuminates the current state of learners reading deficiency.

Renal illness caused by stones is the term for a solid substance concretion that usually develops inside the kidneys. A rising urological condition influences the well-being of people and affects about 12% of the worlds population. An increased chance of ending stage of renal failure and they are closely related. There are several types of kidney stones. The CaC2O4 kidney calculi are the most common type. It appears at Randall plaques renal papillary surfaces. (1) Several physicochemical mechanisms, such as supersaturating, urinary stone nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention components found in tubular cells, which aid in the complex process of formation of stones. An inequity between the elements that promote or inhibit the crystallization of urine influences these phases. Moreover, Scientists have noticed that renal injury of cells promotes particle retention reticular body. (2)

This study aims to (1) Find out the relationship between emotional intelligence and Physical Education learning outcomes of grade V students. (2) Knowing the relationship between kinesthetic intelligence and Physical Education learning outcomes of grade V students. (3) Knowing the relationship between learning motivation and Physical Education learning outcomes of grade V students. (4) Knowing the relationship between emotional intelligence, kinesthetic intelligence, and learning motivation to the learning outcomes of Physical Education grade V students in Kretek District State Elementary Schools in Bantul Regency. This research is a quantitative descriptive research with correlation. The study population was fifth grade students in Kretek District State Elementary School in Bantul Regency which amounted to 355 students. The sampling technique used the Slovin Formula with a cluster random sampling approach, totaling 188 students. Instruments of emotional intelligence, kinesthetic intelligence, and learning motivation using questionnaires, and Physical Education learning outcomes using report cards. Data analysis is multiple regression test. The results showed that (1) There is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence and Physical Education learning outcomes of grade V students, with a p-value of 0.000 0.05 and a contribution of 16.51%. (2) There is a significant relationship between kinesthetic intelligence and Physical Education learning outcomes of grade V students, with a p-value of 0.002 0.05 and a contribution of 13.94%. (3) There is a significant relationship between learning motivation and Physical Education learning outcomes of grade V students, with a p-value of 0.031 0.05 and a contribution of 11.15%. (4) There is a significant relationship between emotional intelligence, kinesthetic intelligence, learning motivation to the physical education learning outcomes of grade V students in Kretek District State Elementary Schools in Bantul Regency, with a p-value of 0.000 0.05 and a contribution of 41.60%.

Research objectives: (1) to generate products for the development of baseball games targeting elementary school students (SD), (2) to assess the viability of developing a baseball game bat for Physical Education learning (PE learning) in elementary students, and (3) to evaluate the effectiveness of a baseball game bat for Physical Education learning (PE) in enhancing the hitting skills of elementary school students. This study was categorized as Research and Development (R&D) or development research, consisted of the following stages: 1) identification of potential and problems; 2) collection of information; 3) design of the product; 4) validation of the product; 5) revision of the product; 6) conducting product trials; 7) further revision of the product; 8) conducting broader trials; and 9) finalizing the model through revision. The trial participants consisted of third grade students from SD Negeri Dalangan 1 (Dalangan 1 Elementary School) in Minggir District. The trials were conducted on a weekly basis. For small-scale trials, there were 6 students involved, and for large-scale trials, there were 12 students. The sample was determined by using purposive sampling. The selected instruments included a questionnaire for material experts and media experts to assess the eligibility of a batting tool as a medium for learning baseball games, as well as questionnaires to gather student assessment responses. The acquired data would thereafter be quantitatively examined by using descriptive statistics, through the calculation of percentages. The acquired results indicate the following: (1) the development of baseball game batting products goes through nine stages of development, and (2) The assessment of the development tools viability is based on a) the trial validity conducted by material experts shows that the mean value at 4.89 levels of achievement 97.78% are in the "very feasible" category. b) Media specialists undergo validity testing, resulting in an average value of 4.83. The achievement rates for this testing are at 96.67%, placing it in the "very feasible" category. c) A smallscale feasibility trial is conducted. Students receive an average score of 4.62, which corresponds to 87.23% in the "very feasible" category. The large-scale feasibility trials, conducted through a questionnaire, show an average score of 4.95, which corresponds to 99.10% in the "very feasible" category. Additionally, the t-test results indicate that the mean post-test score of 85.42 is significantly higher than the mean pre-test score of 41.67. The rise can be deemed significant based on the statistical significance (2-tailed) with a p-value of 0.000 (less than 0.05). Therefore, the creation of a castle game bat product is highly viable and efficient for teaching Physical Education for elementary school students.

Learning Action Cell (LAC) program influences teachers functional competency. It is an integral part of professional development initiatives, which impacts teachers instructional skills, classroom management, assessment strategies, and professional growth. This study focused on the implementation of LAC program and teachers functional competency in the Division of Cagayan de Oro City. It sought to determine the relationship between the implementation of LAC and teachers functional competency and find the level of implementation of LAC and teachers functional competency. A descriptive-correlational method was used in this study. The respondents were one hundred forty-seven (147) public elementary school teachers. The survey questionnaire was the main instrument used to gather data. The statistical tools used were descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation. Pearson Product Moment Correlation (r) was employed to determine the relationship between the implementation of LAC and teachers functional competency. Findings revealed that the LAC program was well implemented, and the level of teachers functional competency was outstanding. Hence, there was a significant relationship between the implementation of LAC and teachers functional competency. It is recommended that LAC coordinators align LAC activities with the schools broader professional development plans. Teachers should also engage in collaborative projects with other educators to share experiences and best practices. School heads should also provide training and support strategies for teachers.

This article examines the efforts and challenges associated with promoting the values of historical and cultural relics in Can Tho City, focusing on their integration into tourism development. Can Tho, a centrally administered city in the Mekong Delta, possesses a rich cultural heritage that includes numerous historical relics and sites of revolutionary significance. These tangible cultural assets are pivotal for the citys tourism potential, serving as critical attractions for domestic and international tourists. The article explores the various initiatives local authorities undertake, including policy implementation, investment in infrastructure, and community engagement, to enhance the preservation and promotion of these cultural sites. It also addresses the limitations, such as inadequate funding, insufficient infrastructure, and the uneven awareness of heritage value among stakeholders. Recommendations are provided for improving the management and promotion of Can Thos cultural heritage, emphasizing the need for better coordination among local agencies, increased investment, and the development of professional tour guide services. The article concludes that while significant progress has been made, further efforts are needed to realize the potential of Can Thos cultural heritage in contributing to sustainable tourism and economic development.

This study aims to explain the use of language styles in the text of Serat Piwulang Hamengkubuwana 1. This study employed descriptive qualitative and modern philological research methods. The research data were collected from the manuscript and text of Serat Piwulang Hamengkubuwana 1, collection from the British Library, United Kingdom, with the code of MS 12337. The data collection technique used was the philological way of working. Semantic was employed to check the validity, while interrater was employed to check the reliability. The present research indicates three findings. The manuscript description elucidates that the condition of the Serat Piwulang Hamengkubuwana 1 manuscript remains good enough, with the text providing clear readability. The investigation reveals that only a limited number of sections of the text exhibited defects, specifically in the transliteration process, in which Javanese character was converted into Latin letters. The translation of the text is carried out by changing the Kawi and Javanese languages to Indonesian to make it more general. Furthermore, the language style used in Serat Piwulang Hamengkubuwana 1 is discussed. The linguistic style used is inspired by the rich tradition of the Indonesian language and Javanese culture.

Over the past five years, the rapid growth of MSMEs in Indonesia has also resulted in many MSMEs going bankrupt. However, this rapid growth of MSMEs is also accompanied by many MSMEs going bankrupt due to mismanagement and low competitiveness caused by the lack of adaptability to business digitalization through e-commerce and product promotion strategies through digital media. Similar problems are also experienced by Food and Beverage MSMEs in Ketintang Village, Surabaya. This drives the importance of increasing competitiveness with more effective business management and digital marketing strategies through community service programs in this area. This community service-based research consists of online store design training activities in e-commerce marketplaces and content marketing with outputs in the form of scientific publications in indexed international journals, publications in the mass media, increasing community understanding and skills, and YouTube videos aimed at improving customer engagement in e-commerce marketplaces. Using the experimental method, this study concluded that SMEs showed a positive perception of the importance of e-commerce in increasing market reach and sales and insight into digital marketing in compiling content marketing that can increase customer engagement for food and beverage products.

This research aims to find out the answer to whether the use of AI is a violation of ethics. Methods: This type of research is normative legal research. This research uses secondary data. Data analysis uses qualitative data analysis techniques. The conclusion-drawing technique used is deductive. Result: The research results show that Artificial Intelligence is only one instrument in bank activities. The use of AI in banking, the use of AI is considered a violation of Morals and Ethics if it violates the inner behavior which is a manifestation of good values and cannot find a justification for it.

This research aims to: (1) Develop educational learning media physical exercise and health android-based physical fitness material to improve understanding participant educate class VIII School Intermediate First (2) Know eligibility media learning education physical sport and health material freshness physical based android (3) Know effectiveness media learning education physical sport and health Android-based physical fitness material. This research is research and development (R&D) with the ASSURE model (Analyse leaners, State Standards and Objectives, Select Strategies Media and Materials, Utilize Material, Requirements Learner participation, Evaluate and Revise). Validation study done by media experts and material experts. The test subjects in this research were teachers and students. Test the trials carried out include small-scale trials, largescale trials. Collection instrument data use questionnaire. Data which obtained are analyzed use test Paired Samples T-Test and Scale test Likert. The results of this research show (1) Development of educational learning media physical fitness and sports material based on Android through six stages namely Analyze leaners, State Standards and Objectives, Select Strategies Media and Materials, Utilize Material, Requirements Learner participation, Evaluate and Revise. (2) Eligibility media assessed based on: a) Material expert assessment obtained an average score of 4.45 with a percentage of 89% included in the very feasible category, b) The media experts assessment obtained an average score of 4.44 with participant 8.9% enter in category very worthy, c) Test try scale big participant educate obtained average niali 4.61 with percentage 93.40% enter in category very worthy, d) Test try scale Most teachers obtained an average score of 4.70 with a percentage of 93.80% in the very category worthy. (3) Based on test Paired Samples T-Test obtained mark mean posttest 67.50 > mean pretest 53.83 which means there is an average increase of 25%. This increase is said to be significant Because mark sig (2-tailed) 0,000 < 0.05. With so can concluded that media learning education physical sport and health material freshness physical based android worth using.

This paper is the continuation of our previous work, “The Spiritual Fruits of Desert Fathers (1).” Our inquiry has explored the spirituality of the Desert Fathers, specifically examining the notion that the emphasis lies not on achieving success but on producing fruitful outcomes by looking at the spirituality of the Desert Fathers about forgiveness, humor, poverty, solitude, and community within the broader context of a fruitful life. The purpose is to convey the spiritual essence of the Desert Fathers to a broad audience, ensuring that it is comprehensible and relatable to ordinary individuals while avoiding the use of intricate theological explanations or contentions.

Superstitious-belief has tremendous effects on the advancement and development of society as well as on personal aspects of a person. The light of education not only eradicates superstitious-belief but also influence personal development. The present study aimed to explore the influence and extent of ten-dimensional personality traits in Superstitious Belief of pupil teachers. 420 pupil teachers of different Teacher Educational Institutions of West Bengal were taken as sample. Random Sampling techniques for data collection purpose was chosen. Descriptive survey-based research method by online method via google-form was used to carry out this study. Correlational research design was used to carry out this study. A Standardized Superstitious-Belief Scale by Dr. Sanjeev Kumar Jha & Mr. Ashok Kumar which was further revised by the Researcher and a Standardized Differential Personality Inventory (DPI) by Prof. Arun Kr. Singh & Ashish Kr. Singh were used for this study. The outcome of the present research work reveals that for emotional stability, significant correlation is found with superstitious-belief. Boosting of Emotional Stability of the pupil teacher can eradicate Superstitious-Belief.

Bogor is one of the city in Indonesia that already adapt technology advancement. In Government sector, already adopted some policy that including of using technology support. One of them are feature that let public giving their thought and complaints to governments trough a specific online-application that called SiBadra whos made by the government. Adopting innovation about SiBadra which mainly use a certain communication media to spread the innovation itself, requires the involvement of various parties. The adoption of this innovation will gave birth to a generation that can utilize of using communication media of SiBadra services in Bogor City. Industrial era of 4.0 presenting two type of generation in terms of using media, those are digital natives and immigrants which form as a social system as well as a form of government readiness and alignment in efforts to digitalize the use of media. This research are closely related to communication media as a form of communication channel in the theory of Diffusion of Innovation initiated by Rogers in 1983. The aim of this study is to analyze the existing relation between communication channels and namely communication media in the adoption of SiBadra service innovation in Bogor City for the two generation which digital native and digital immigrants. The result of this research shows that the characteristic of digital natives and digital immigrants have a relation in the stage of adopting an innovation. The relation between them is showing positive terms which in increasing understanding and utilization of using the media. Relation that related to the stage of adopting an innovation such as understanding and utilization are supported by age, education, gender, and experience, which have significant relation in the stages of adopting an innovation. The second relation that related is the communication media. Communication media has a positive effect in the relation of the understanding of using the media and utilization of SiBadra services in Bogor City. Indicator that support the relation between communication media, namely print, electronic and social media.

This research aims to analyze the teaching material needs of Chinese BIPA students at an advanced level. In BIPA learning at Ahmad Dahlan University and Yogyakarta State University. The research subjects were Chinese students taking part in the BIPA program at UAD and UNY. Data collection using questionnaires, interviews. The research results show that in general Chinese students experience difficulties in memorization and grammar in BIPA learning. In writing skills, most Chinese students have difficulty switching between academic and spoken language. In reading skills, Chinese students experience pronunciation errors, such as P, B, R, D, T and so on. In speaking-listening skills, Chinese students experience difficulties in using verbs, active and passive forms, for example Me-Kan, Me, Ber, Me-an, Di-kan, and so on. these difficulties acquire their own unique and distinctive character. This can be used as a basis for preparing teaching materials and learning processes. For Chinese students, the need for adequate teaching materials is very important for them so that common problems in BIPA learning that occur among Chinese BIPA students will immediately be addressed so that Chinese students can make it easier to learn Indonesian.

The coastal area is certainly one of the most diverse ecosystems on Earth. This unique environment is characterized by the encounter of land and sea, forming a distinct ecotone zone. Randuboto and Manyar Sidomukti, fisherman villages located in Gresik Regency, thrives within this kind of diverse coastal ecosystem. The inhabitants rely heavily on their environment. Protecting this environment ensures the continued prosperity and resilience of the villages way of life. Biomonitoring is a method used for biodiversity accounting to indicate the quality of an environment. This process involves the quantification of various biodiversity metrics, including The Shannon-Wienerdiversity index (H index). Using this method, a study was conducted to assess the ecosystem condition in the Randuboto and Manyar Sidomukti coastal area. The mangrove community in Manyar Sidomukti exhibited a higher diversity index (H = 0.42 – 0.68) compared to Randuboto (H = 0 – 0.082), though both areas fall into the low diversity category with H 1. In terms of bird species, Randuboto had a greater number (40 species) than Manyar Sidomukti (37 species). However, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index for birds was higher in Manyar Sidomukti (H = 3.33) than in Randuboto (H = 2.80). These findings suggest that mangrove populations require additional support to enhance their resilience, whereas bird populations appear to be relatively resilient to environmental changes. Efforts to bolster this include mangrove reforestation, community service and development, and training in community-based biomonitoring.

This study on the myths of the Brantas River is conducted using a literature hydropedagogy perspective. The research aims to dissect the literary aspects of the myth by applying the concept of water studies. This qualitative research uses data in the form of mythological narratives about the Brantas River that are prevalent in the Kediri community, collected through interviews with local residents. The data is analyzed through various literatures using the hydropedagogy perspective developed based on the concept "Learning from Water" by Prof. Dr. Suwardi Endraswara, M.Hum. The origin of the Brantas River is described by Empu Bharada, who divided the Kediri Kingdoms territory by pouring water from a jug in the middle of the kingdom. The analysis reveals several Javanese philosophies related to water: (1) water always flows from higher to lower places, (2) water always fills empty spaces, and (3) water always flows to the estuary. Additionally, the term "kendhi" is derived from the phrase "kendhalining dhiri". A myth suggests that if a president crosses the Brantas River, they will lose their position or power. This belief is linked to the mystical nature of the Brantas River, often used for rituals and spiritual practices by ancestors. However, the validity of this belief depends on ones logic and religious values. Moreover, the study explores how individuals perceive myths as life guidelines or literary works that enhance cultural awareness and wisdom in facing life.

Background: Megaloblastic anemia is a generative macrocytic anemia characterized by nuclear dysmaturity and the nucleus immature appearance in comparison to the cytoplasm due to a defect in DNA synthesis anemia is a rare ailment in children that is usually caused by a vitamin deficiency or gastrointestinal disorder Objectives: The main objective of this study was to detect the frequency of nutritional megaloblastic anemia in male elementary-school children by measuring hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (HCT), and serum folate levels. Methods: This study examined 300 male primary-school children in Khartoum, Sudan. A 2.5-ml of blood was drawn from each student and placed in an ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) vial to estimate the Hb level, RBC count, and HCT using an automated blood analyzer. Another 2.5 mL of blood were drawn from the same students into a plain container and examined for serum folate. Results: The mean Hb was 12.7 g/dl (two standard deviations), the RBC count was 4.71012 cells/L, and the mean packed cell volume (PCV) was 37.2%, and the mean serum folate was 4.4 ng/L. Conclusion: The blood parameters and serum folate were found to be within normal ranges. According to the findings, the nutritional status of the primary-school students was good, and megaloblastic anemia was not common. This type of research should be done on a frequent basis to assess childrens nutritional health.

The growth of Artificial Intelligence and the potential to empower leadership within various organizational contexts represent an emergent area of inquiry in this systematic review, with the lens focusing on the positive impacts and potentials of AI applications in augmenting and enhancing leadership practices. Based on PRISMA guidelines, the aim of the review is to identify most of the literature are journal articles, research studies, and any other relevant publications within the last 10 years that were published in English, with high importance attached to empirical studies and documented cases of AI implementation in leadership roles. Key themes will be how AI can help drive decision-making and how AI tools analyze organizational data and market trends to inform strategic choice. The paper covered the AIs applicability for personalized leadership development; in particular, how AI can be adopted to tailor learning experiences to individual leader requirements in the context of lifelong growth. Next, it suggested that an AI-enhanced tools may boost team performance through communication, workflow efficiency, and team collaboration. And the paper determined and analyzed the changing role of a leader in an AI-intense environment that still requires the very traits of human-centered leadership to ensure ethical handling and human oversight of the technological potential. From ongoing initiatives, the paper attempts to derive guidance and best practices applicable to schools organizational leadership, policy makers, and AI developers alike with the intention of contributing to better understanding AIs potential in support of leadership leading to more effective, ethical, and human-centered organizations.