Shaping activities is an artistic learning activity. In preschool, shaping activities include activities such as drawing, molding, cutting, tearing, pasting, assembling... This activity has a great effect in educating and forming the personality of preschool children, form in children love for people, love for nature, love for life, love for beauty. Therefore, preschool teachers need to have measures to help children positive participate in activities, bringing them emotions, excitement and passion to implement their ideas.

The pottery of banyumulek Lombok has existed since ancient times, dating back to the Sasak kingdom, and continues to the present day. This study aims to analyze the transformation of form and function in Banyumulek Lombok pottery. Qualitative research uses data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The pottery samples were collected purposively. The data analysis method uses the Miles and Huberman model, which involves data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The research findings show hat before 1988, the appearance of Banyumulek Lombok pottery needed to be more varied and was used solely for daily household purposes. After 1988, variations on form began emerge, and today, there are numerous forms with various creative designs.

In a competency-based curriculum (CBC), the development of logical and critical thinking skills in mathematics is essential. As a cornerstone of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), mathematics is pivotal for addressing real-world challenges. However, overall pass rates remain unsatisfactory in Kenyan secondary schools, particularly in Kisii County. This study investigated the mediating role of academic disidentification in the relationship between achievement goals, perceived teacher support, and mathematics achievement. Grounded in the revised 3x2 Achievement Goal Model, Self-Determination Theory, and Expectancy-Value Theory, a correlational design was employed with a random sample of 418 Form Three students from thirty seven schools in Kisii County; Kenya in 2023. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that academic disidentification partially mediates the relationship among achievement goals, perceived teacher support, and mathematics achievement. School categories differed significantly in avoidance motivation, with co-educational schools exhibiting the highest levels. Based on these findings, the study recommends that mathematics teachers prioritize fostering approach motivation, especially in co-educational schools, to enhance student achievement in mathematics.

The study aims to determine the potential of carbohydrate food sources regarding the availability of carbohydrate food sources in Banyumas Regency. The research method is carried out through descriptive research. The data used in this study are primary data sourced from the services or agencies related to the problem being studied, namely the Banyumas Regency BPS, and the Banyumas Regency Agriculture Service. With SPSE analysis. The results of the study concluded that in Banyumas Regency there is availability of carbohydrate food sources, namely rice, corn, and cassava. The suitability of land and climate conditions is the main consideration for farmers to grow rice, corn, and cassava. Dry or marginal land in Banyumas Regency can be planted with one or even all three of these plants. In carbohydrate commodities in the last 5 years, namely in 2019-2023, almost every sub-district has a good food security value. Where these conditions make rice, corn and cassava the main commodities to meet food availability

This study studies how the line follower robot is made and used for the automation of watering orchid plants. The purpose of using this robot is to reduce the involvement of human hands in the watering process and improve the efficiency of water use. This robot, which is made with an Arduino microcontroller, has an infrared sensor that can detect paths and has an automatic water pump for water distribution. The tests were carried out in a greenhouse where the orchids were well cared for. The results show that the robot can effectively water plants by saving up to 35% water compared to manual methods and increasing productivity by 20%. This invention can be applied on a larger scale in the horticultural industry.

Mexico is currently grappling with a humanitarian crisis, particularly affecting its female population, which has the potential to lead to severe consequences such as the degradation of the country. This research aims to study the impact of womens discrimination towards Mexican national security. The objective of this research is to ascertain the specific manifestations of discrimination against women in Mexico, examine the implications of such discrimination on national security, and analyze the proactive measures implemented by the Mexican government and non-governmental organizations in addressing this pervasive issue. The qualitative methodology employed in this study originates from secondary sources and the concept used was national security. The results of this study indicate that discrimination against women in Mexico has been influenced by factors within the political, economic, and social domains. It highlights risks for women in Mexican politics and underscores societal discrimination, particularly affecting Indigenous women. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it intensifies gender-based issues, emphasizing the urgency of addressing inequality in Mexico. The ramifications of womens discrimination in Mexico extend across societal facets, contributing to increased crime rates, societal instability, and heightened poverty levels. In anticipation of these consequences, it is imperative to evaluate the vulnerability of various economic sectors and formulate strategies to mitigate their susceptibility. Collaboration between the government and non-governmental organizations is essential to implement initiatives focused on enhancing adaptation capabilities, fortifying legal frameworks, and providing support to affected communities.

Developing countries such as Ethiopia, over the years particularly after the cold war, starting from early 1990s have adopted neoliberal policies through reforms to attract foreign finance for development needs in view of inadequacy of domestic capital for public and private investment. However, despite the inflow of foreign capital into the economy, it is still grappling with major development challenges. It is in view of this that this study examines the impact of foreign finance on the economy, and whether FDI-climate interaction limits the potential impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) as an important component of foreign capital, on economic development in Ethiopia. The study further reveals the implications of post-cold war adoption of market-oriented policies in Ethiopia. The study uses autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with data spanning from 1981 to 2020. It is found that FDI has positive and significant impact on economic development in the long run, but the positive effect is revealed to be insignificant in the short run. On the other hand, foreign debt is revealed to have long term negative though insignificant impact on economic development of the country. Furthermore, it is revealed that FDI-climate interaction has negative implication on the economy in both the long run and short run. Therefore, the effectiveness and efficiency of foreign finance on growth and development outcome in Ethiopia is conditional on whether it produces long run sustainable environmental outcome. Also, the adoption of neoliberal policies has not resulted in development of Ethiopia. Hence, the study recommends among others, the need for consideration of absorptive capacity of the country as a recipient economy and in its reforms, as well as the need for the government and development partners to ensure assessment of the long run potential environmental impact of foreign capital before they are deployed on the economy.

The trade war between the United States (US) and China has significantly impacted the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), posing a direct threat to its diplomatic and economic structures. The aim of this study is to study the impacts of Trade War between US and China towards the ASEAN. By employing a qualitative method, secondary data was collected from scientific materials such as books, papers, journals, and online sources. The study utilizes the concept of national interests to explain the phenomenon under investigation. The research highlights that ASEAN has begun taking actions to mitigate the drawbacks of the trade war while maximizing the benefits it brings. These actions include promoting regional economic integration, developing local businesses, strengthening internal cooperation within ASEAN, and diplomatic efforts externally.

This study examines digital competencies among lecturers in Indonesian Maritime Vocational Colleges, aiming to analyze the relationship between lecturer profiles, institutional factors, and digital competency development. The research objectives focus on understanding how personal characteristics and institutional support mechanisms influence digital teaching capabilities while identifying effective strategies for enhancing digital competencies in maritime vocational education. Through a quantitative approach utilizing a comprehensive survey of lecturers across maritime institutions, the study employs DigCompEdu-based measurement tools to assess ten crucial dimensions of digital competency. The methodology combines questionnaires and structured interviews, analyzing data through confirmatory factor analysis and linear regression. Results reveal that while overall digital competency scores are above average on a Likert scale, significant variations exist across different competency domains. Digital tool usage demonstrates the strongest positive correlation with competency development, followed by attitudes toward technology. The study identifies age as negatively correlated with digital competency, while workload shows an unexpected positive relationship. Institutional factors, including curriculum support and professional development opportunities, significantly influence digital competency development. These findings contribute to understanding digital competency development in vocational education settings and provide practical insights for enhancing digital integration in maritime education institutions.

This study examines the relationship between teacher digital competency and technology adoption in maritime vocational education institutions. The research aims to investigate how digital competency influences perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, behavioral intention, and actual technology use among maritime educators. Using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) framework, the study explores the interconnected relationships between these variables in a specialized educational context. Data collection involved an online survey of lecturers and instructors from maritime vocational colleges under the Ministry of Transportation. The study employed structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS software for analysis, providing a comprehensive examination of the relationships between variables. Results reveal significant positive relationships between teacher digital competency and technology adoption factors. The findings demonstrate that digital competency strongly influences both perceived usefulness and ease of use of technology, which in turn affects behavioral intention and actual technology implementation. The research contributes to understanding technology adoption in maritime vocational education and provides practical implications for institutions developing digital competency programs. The study suggests that successful technology integration depends on both technical competency development and positive perceptions of technologys utility, supported by adequate institutional infrastructure.

This study discusses various leadership approaches that affect organizational performance and human resource development. In this context, the two main approaches analyzed are behavioral and transformational approaches. The behavioral approach focuses on the behavior patterns of leaders which are divided into four systems, ranging from authoritarian exploitation to participative. Meanwhile, the transformational approach emphasizes the ability of leaders to empower their subordinates through changes in values, beliefs, and needs, with the aim of leading the organization towards future success. This study also explores various types of leadership, such as charismatic, paternalistic, militaristic, autocratic, laissez faire, populist, administrative, and democratic, each of which has different characteristics and influences in leading an organization. The concept of effective leadership is considered key to building and maintaining a healthy corporate culture, which in turn can improve overall organizational performance. In the context of sports management, leadership also plays an important role in building character and social skills through sports. The conclusion of this study shows that good leadership can have a positive impact on the organization, by building good relationships between leaders and subordinates and creating a conducive working atmosphere to achieve common goals.

This review paper examines visual pollution, its causes, and impacts on human health and well-being, defined as unattractive and disruptive visual elements in the environment that degrade aesthetic quality. It explores sources such as billboards, litter, industrial structures, and poorly planned urban development. The paper discusses how rapid urbanization, industrialization, and excessive advertising exacerbate visual clutter, particularly in urban areas. The impacts of visual pollution on health are significant, including increased stress, anxiety, and diminished quality of life. Vulnerable populations, such as lower-income communities, children, and the elderly, face heightened risks due to greater exposure. The review highlights disparities in exposure and health outcomes, emphasizing that the cumulative effects of visual pollution and socio-economic disadvantages intensify its negative impact. The paper also evaluates strategies for mitigation, including urban planning measures like green spaces and zoning regulations, as well as regulatory approaches to manage outdoor advertising and waste. By addressing visual pollution through comprehensive planning and regulation, the paper aims to inform policies that enhance environmental aesthetics and improve public well-being.

The paper deals with the financial performance of public sector firms and mutual fund schemes using fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for PSU stocks in the BSE PSU Index and fuzzy Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) for PSU mutual fund schemes with Assets under Management (AUM) of 1,000 crores and above. Methodology: We have used fuzzy AHP to analyze the performance of selected PSU stocks on key performance indicators such as EPS, P/E ratio, and Return on Equity. Fuzzy MAUT is used to evaluate the performance of eligible mutual funds over five years. Findings: High profitability is evident at BEML Ltd whereas ITI yields negative EPS and ROE. ICICI Prudential exhibits strong performance with positive Sharpe as well as Treynor ratios, whereas the Sharpe ratio of most of the other funds is negative. The PSU stock returns along with their corresponding mutual fund returns highlight the significance of performance measures in investing. Originality: The paper combines ideas from fuzzy logic with traditional financial analysis to create a more balanced approach to evaluating PSU stocks and mutual fund investments.

Information technology investment is currently occurring rapidly and has become a necessity in an organization, both in the business environment and in the government environment. The various characteristics of information systems created with all their advantages and disadvantages have become an arena for competition in terms of innovation to show the superiority of the organization. The Civil Servant Performance Information System is the management and procedures for collecting, processing, analyzing, presenting, utilizing, and documenting civil servant performance data in an integrated manner. The net benefits of an information system are influenced by system quality, information quality, service quality, and user satisfaction. This research aims to analyze the influence of system quality, information quality, and service quality on net benefits through user satisfaction in the Malang Regency Government. This research is quantitative research with a saturated sampling method, so a sample of 72 respondents was obtained. The data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis, classical assumption test, t-test, and path analysis. The research results concluded that system quality, information quality, and service quality have a significant effect on user satisfaction with civil servant performance information systems. User satisfaction also has a significant effect on the emergence of net benefits from the performance information system.

This study aims to determine the effect of using audio-visual learning media on students memory through the learning outcomes test. This research was conducted using an experimental method involving two classes, namely the experimental class and the control class. The results showed that the experimental class, which used learning media, had quite good learning outcomes after using audio visual, when compared to conventional classes that did not use audio visual learning media. Thus it can be concluded that the increase in learning outcomes in the experimental class shows that students have a good memory of the material they learn through audio visual learning videos. Future researchers are expected to further examine the use of audio-visual learning media from different perspectives.

Notaries, as public officials regulated by the Notary Law (UUJN) and the Amendment of Notary Law (UUJN-P), play a crucial role in the creation of authentic documents and have the authority to guarantee the legality of legal acts. However, the cancellation of document copies by the court raises significant legal implications for the status of notarial minutes, which need to be further analyzed to establish legal certainty in notarial practices in Indonesia. This research aims to provide a deeper understanding of the legal status of notarial minutes after their copies are canceled, as well as to offer recommendations regarding necessary regulations to create legal certainty in notarial practices in Indonesia. This study employs a normative or doctrinal research methodology with a normative legal approach to examine the relevant legal principles and written regulations concerning the legal implications of the cancellation of document copies on notarial minutes. It utilizes primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials as sources, along with data collection techniques through literature studies and document analysis. The findings of this research indicate that the cancellation of document copies by the court renders the notarial minutes as informal documents or null and void due to the failure to meet legal requirements. Parties who disagree can file a lawsuit in court; notaries who do not withdraw the minutes risk becoming involved in legal issues and may be held civilly liable if found to have acted unlawfully, while criminal penalties may apply if false information is present in the documents.

This study explores the relationship between stock volatility, measured by beta & price movement patterns using the Fibonacci series in the context of low beta stocks. Low beta stocks, typically more stable than high beta ones, were analyzed using Fibonacci retracement & extension levels to identify key support & resistance points. Historical price data from Nifty 50 low beta were examined under various market conditions including bullish, bearish & stable. The findings from our research indicate that the low beta stocks adhere to Fibonacci levels, hence it offers reliable long-term guidance. The study highlights that while Fibonacci retracement levels are useful, their effectiveness depends on stock volatility & market conditions, which helps investors in optimizing their trading strategies.

This research aims to determine the management functions defined in the management of the Maguwoharjo Stadium and to determine the management process for the management of the Sleman Regency government. This research was compiled from theoretical studies related to management during the Covid 19 pandemic. This research was a descriptive qualitative study with observation, interview, and document study methods. The research subjects were UPT heads and Maguwoharjo Stadium staff as resource persons. This research was conducted at Maguwoharjo Stadium. The descriptive qualitative analysis was used to describe and explain the answers in more detail. Based on the research results, it can be seen that; (1) management functions that can be implemented during the Covid 19 pandemic by the Maguwoharjo Stadium manager are planning, organizing, and controlling functions. It is related to planning the management budget, organizing the process of managing and controlling the activities of Maguwoharjo stadium users in accordance with the health protocol, (2) the management of Maguwoharjo Stadium owned by the Sleman Regency government has been run properly related to the management of the Stadium from financing the maintenance budget and controlling activities at Maguwoharjo Stadium, (3) the strategy used by Maguwoharjo Stadium to carry on the services during the Covid-19 pandemic has provided an appeal for health protocols in activities within Maguwoharjo Stadium and continue to hold various sport events that attract the publics interest for doing sports as well as providing good and comfortable facilities and infrastructure, (4) the services provided by the Maguwoharjo Stadium are still based on the Sleman Regency government regulations.

This study investigates the potential of TikTok as an educational tool for English grammar instruction focusing on the @excellentinhousetraining TikTok account. With the rising use of social media in education, this study explores how TikToks unique multimedia and interactive features can make grammar lessons more engaging and accessible for Generation Z learners. Using a qualitative approach, the study analyzes grammar-focused videos from @excellentinhousetraining published between 2023 and 2024. Key findings reveal that TikToks audiovisual format, concise content structure, and interactive elements include enhance learner engagement, facilitate content accessibility, and improve understanding of grammar concepts of their users. The study highlights TikToks capacity to support flexible, self-paced learning and suggests that integrating social media-based modules into formal education could address engagement challenges in traditional grammar instruction. These insights position TikTok as a promising supplementary tool in modern language learning.

Parental involvement is crucial for achieving academic excellence and fostering personal development in contemporary educational institutions. Involving parents in their childres education promotes cognitive and interpersonal growth and improves academic achievements. The involvement of parents in their childrens education in Nepali public schools is the focus of this qualitative case study. Adopting social capital theories, this study explores engagement through interviews, documentation, and observations at a single school with four selected participants. Evidence indicates that active parental involvement has a substantial positive impact on students academic achievement and acquisition of knowledge. The following are important ways parents can become more involved: a) enhancing children s education through SMC and PTA activities; b) fortifying the parent-teacher bond; c) boosting the home environment in comprehensive education; and d) enhancing school governance and management. The study emphasizes the necessity of implementing a comprehensive framework for parental involvement that supports decentralized management and encourages innovative adaptability. The network cooperation between schools, teachers, and parents is critical. Promoting parental involvement and cultivating connections among parents is essential for improving the educational atmosphere and ensuring academic excellence in public schools.

Entrepreneurial skills play an essential role in the entrepreneurial process to business success, especially for student entrepreneurs. This paper aims to identify the level of importance of entrepreneurial skills of student entrepreneurs at the Mindanao State University Tawi-Tawi College of Technology and Oceanography. A descriptive research method was used. The snowball and convenience sampling technique were applied for respondents identification. There were 55 students who participated in this study from different course programs. A Likert-scaling survey questionnaire was employed for data collection. The percentage method was utilized to analyse the data collected. The result shows that all entrepreneurial skills are vitally important to the respondents. Creativity is the highest value as very important. However, communication and leadership skills are the highest response on not important. The significance is to help student entrepreneurs for business continuity through the technical assistance of the university by conducting seminars and training and financial support by public and private organizations.

study sought to establish the prevalence, morphological classifications, and factors associated with severe anemia among children attending Itojo Hospital. A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was used in this study in which children aged less than 5 years who attended the pediatric ward at Itojo Hospital were involved. Patients were consecutively recruited until a sample size of 296 was obtained. Data were collected from patients caregivers with a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS Version 20.0. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression were used during data analysis. Multiple logistic regression models were used to show the strength of the relationship and the likelihood that each of the factors would lead to severe anemia among children under 5 years. Of the 296 patients enrolled, the prevalence of severe anemia was 13.9%. The Majority of the patients (50.7%) had microcytic anemia, followed by 32.8% with normocytic anemia. Factors that were significantly associated with severe anemia were the age of the child (P=0.029), HIV/AIDS (P=0.000), leukemia (P=0.000), and sickle cell disease (P=0.000). The prevalence of severe anemia among children less than five years of age was found to be relatively high hence increasingly becoming a public health problem. There is a need for age-specific interventions that comprehensively address the issue of improved nutrition, prevention, and management of HIV infection as well as chronic and genetic disorders.

Intensive use of land for agricultural businesses causes the land to become very dynamic and causes a decrease in soil quality for producing biomass. This research aims to determine environmental conditions (level of damage to land and soil for biomass production) and the factors that cause soil damage in Payahkumbuh City. Land surveys were carried out using the research method in five sub-districts. Samples taken in the field are disturbed soil samples for analysis of physical properties (texture, BV, TRP, and permeability). In contrast, disturbed soil samples are used to analyze chemical soil properties (c.organic, pH, DLH, Redok). Apart from that, he also observed environmental conditions such as rocks on the surface and the depth of the soil. Next, the soil samples are explained in the soil laboratory of the Department of Soil Science and Land Resources. Data from soil physical and chemical property variables are processed, averaged, and compared with soil health standards following PP No. 150 of 2000. The research results show that the results of land identification and verification show that the land in the five sub-districts of Payakumbuh City in the research area has a Light Damage Status (RI) covering an area of 2391.65 ha and Moderate Damage (RII) covering an area of 1856.76 ha. From 10 observation points, the land in the research area has two levels of soil damage: moderate and light. Soil damage is caused by limiting factors. In moderate damage status, the limiting factors are (RII-vpre), namely soil porosity, degree of air escape, redox reactions, and electrical conductivity. Meanwhile, the limiting factors in soil with mild damage are (RI-vre) soil porosity, redox reactions, and electrical conductivity.

This study carried out on elite athletes from West Java Province to analyze the physical performance of elite athletes, namely power, flexibility and balance on the accuracy of their dollyo chagi kicks on these three physical performances. In two previous studies, it was known that physical performance had an influence on the psychology and physiology of athletes, both elite and non-elite athletes. Therefore, this research aims to provide reference material for non-elite taekwondo athletes to determine the physical performance profile of elite athletes so they can excel and achieve targets in national and international competitions, especially for athletes with the peak age of performance according to their LTAD age, namely 18- 24 years. A sample of 75 people was taken using the total sampling method from 6 cities and districts in West Java. The development method is the method used in this research by finding the mean and standard deviation with of each test variable. From this research, it is known that the standard deviation of power is 30.730; flexibility, namely 7.793; balance 2,335; and dollyo chagi of 19,007 with an average power of 2.10 meters, flexibility of 20.88 cm, and balance of 3.67 seconds.

In daily activities, teachers and parents need to create an environment that encourages children to practice and try. Guiding children to perform these tasks not only helps them feel satisfied when completing tasks, but also forms good habits and develops social skills, such as sharing and collaborating with friends. Furthermore, these self-service experiences also contribute to building a solid foundation for future development, helping children become confident and independent individuals in life. However, this activity has been done in preschool age, especially in preschool age of 3-4 years old, but the effectiveness in children is not high. Therefore, it is necessary to have educational measures to form and develop to help children perfect self-service skills, essential for children to be more independent, confident, and proactive in their personal activities.

IPAS learning requires creative thinking skills in the teaching and learning process. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Problem Based Learning learning model on creative thinking skills in grade V IPAS subjects. This type of research is quantitative research. The research sample was 92 fifth grade students in Wonogiri sub-district public elementary schools. Data analysis was carried out using simple linear regression analysis techniques. The results showed the correlation value (R) = 0.471, meaning that there is a positive linear relationship between variables; the coefficient of determination R Square = 0.779, meaning that the Problem Based Learning learning model provides 77.9% influence on the effectiveness of creative thinking skills. The significant value of 0.000 < 0.05 and the t value of 2.692 > t table 1.662, meaning that it accepts the alternative hypothesis. The research conclusion is that the Problem Based Learning learning model is effective in developing creative thinking skills in grade V IPAS subjects.

The purpose of this study was to find out the problems faced and how Mathematics teachers managed to teach their subject in selected secondary schools in Ilocos Sur during the school year 2020-2021. The key areas in that were explored included: difficulty encountered and ways of handling that; the positive well-being; time management; change readiness; peer coaching; and teamwork. The study sought to establish co-relations between various challenges, coping strategies, and teacher performance under modular distance learning paradigm and, therefore, the research design adopted was descriptive-correlational. Questionnaire was of two parts and was administered to 31 Mathematics teachers and the regularity was compared using weighted mean and correlation analysis. Results highlighted that despite these difficulties in modular distance learning teachers overwhelmed and improvised through time management the principles of change management, the use of technology, team work and peer coaching. Several indicators also pointed to teacher effectiveness; this based on their circumstance reports containing IPCRF ratings. Only time management and peer mentoring were found to have relation with the teachers performance while the employees considering the challenges did not affect performance. A recommended intervention, therefore, includes training and development of teachers, and facilitating counselling services, interprofessional collaboration, and teacher enabled schools. Professional standards suggest that teachers should carry on changing, technological, and professional learning with peers in order to maintain high levels of performance and effectively answer to the difficulties occurred in the context of distance learning.

Thyroid nodules constitute a common endocrine disorder, these nodules could be solitary, multiple, cystic, or solid. Increasing age, female gender, iodine deficiency, and history of thyroid radiation all are high risk for thyroid nodules. FNAC representing the most cost-effective diagnostic tool used in the assessment of nodules of the thyroid. Objective of the study: The aim of this study is to evaluate the result of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and assess thyroid status using of thyroid hormone obtained from patients with thyroid nodules. Materials and methods: this is a retrospective study, includes collection of data from available cases of thyroid nodules underwent fine needle aspiration between 2021 to 2023, data regarding age, sex, TFT, USS, FNAC was collected from the archive of endocrine out patients clinic of Benghazi Medical Center and from endocrine clinic of Benghazi diabetic center. The analysis was done using the SPSS program. Result: A total of 60 cases were studied, Data was collected from 60 patients files for years between 2021 and 2023. The mean age of the patients with FNAC selected for this study was 49.65, and ranged from 21-80 years. The gender distribution shows female predominance in which female cases were 53 (98.33%) while only one case (1.67%) was reported among men. The size of nodules in our cases range from 1cm to 4.5 cm. The mean size of nodules is 1.89cm. In this study the largest group of nodules located in right lobe (21) cases then left lobe (20) cases then both (17) cases and in isthmus only 2 cases. Most of the cases thyroid function test result shows an euthyroid status (38) cases. FNAC of thyroid nodule showed that most of patients result diagnosed as benign nodules (47) cases. Conclusion: FNAC is a key tool in diagnosis of thyroid nodule as it has safe, minimally invasive and cost effective diagnostic role.

This study determined the performance of grade 12 senior high school students in Practical Research using Guided Inquiry Design during the school year 2022-2023. The study utilized the quasi-experimental research design employing pretest and posttest in Practical Research 2 during the 4th quarter. The participants of this study were 55 Grade 12 students in HUMSS F for the experimental group and 51 students of in HUMSS G for the control group. Purposive sampling technique was utilized in determining the samples of the study. This study determined the performance of grade 12 senior high school students in Practical Research using Guided Inquiry Design during the school year 2022-2023. The study utilized the quasi-experimental research design employing pretest and posttest in Practical Research 2 during the 4th quarter. The participants of this study were 55 Grade 12 students in HUMSS F for the experimental group and 51 students of in HUMSS G for the control group. Purposive sampling technique was utilized in determining the samples of the study. This study concludes that the GID was effective in enhancing the students learning outcomes based on the increase of the posttest result and mean difference between the pre-test and posttest. The finding implies that the students in the experimental group who were exposed to GID performed better than the control group with no exposure to GID. It is important to apply GID in class because it develops pedagogical practices that scaffold students independent inquiry in learning. Since GID instruction is based on team teaching and inquiry circles, this greatly helps students collaborate with each other which is vital in producing a final output in Practical Research. The researcher will continue to apply GID in teaching to improve existing practices. The researcher recommends that the School Heads will encourage the teachers to use GID in teaching. Teachers can engage in team teaching and inquiry circles to ignite more the interest of the students. Other researchers can use the findings of this study as avenues for future research.

Currently burnout is a crucial problem in the world of athletes, because it often hampers the performance rate of athletes who ultimately harm themselves and the surrounding environment. The purpose of the study was to influence achievement motivation on burnout in swimming athletes in Sleman Regency. This research is quantitative, with an ex post facto design. The subjects were swimming athletes totaling 75 athletes. The instrument used was a questionnaire. The analysis technique used regression with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21 software. The results show that there is a significant effect of achievement motivation on burnout in swimming athletes in Sleman Regency, with a calculated t value of -4.080> t table 1.666, p-value 0.0000.05. Negative value, meaning that if achievement motivation is higher, burnout will be lower. The contribution of achievement motivation variables to burnout of swimming athletes in Sleman Regency is 18.60%, while the remaining 81.40% is influenced by other factors outside this study. For future researchers to be able to reveal other variables that can affect burnout in swimming athletes, because our report found only 18.60%.

Third-person passive voice as one of the many topics of grammatical semantics is used to describe the relationship between the third actor and the action in the form of passive verbs in a grammatically meaningful sentence. The formulation of the problem in this study is what and how the construction of third-person passive voice in speech acts is explained illustratively by residents of Sumberejo Village, Ambulu District, Jember Regency. This descriptive qualitative research is classified as ethnographic communication research. Data collection through listening and speech techniques After the data is collected, it is then analyzed through categorical, descriptive, and distributional methods. The theory in this research is the theory of generative transformation by Chomsky (1965) and the theory of speech acts by Searle (1979). The result of the research shows that there are a total of 10 types of third person passive voice in illustrative explaining speech acts by residents of Sumberejo Village, Ambulu District, Jember Regency. The division of the topic types of third-person passive voice is based on the form of suffix and the nature of the passive verb with the type of speech act of explaining with illustrative strategies.

This study aims to develop and evaluate PISA based assessment tools for Javanese language learning grade VIII. This research used the research and development (RD) method with the ADDIE model including the stages of analysis, design, development, validation and testing, and media evaluation. PISA-based standard media for evaluating Javanese language learning were developed using the WordPress application and evaluated by a material expert, a media expert, and teachers of Javanese language. The data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed descriptively. The results of the study show that the quality of the assessment media was highly rated by material experts (87.90%), media experts (100%) and Javanese language teachers (100%). Students opinions on the Javanese language assessment tool were also very positive (85.76%). Overall, the average rating of media quality was 93.42% categorized as Very Good. This research makes a significant contribution to the development of PISA-based evaluation media for Javanese language learning.

The aim of the research is to describe the argument structure of intransitive verbs in Toba Batak language (TBL) Aek Kanopan dialect based on grammatical typology analysis. Data collections are gathered by applying conversational and listening method. Meanwhile, the main technique in collecting the data is elicitation technique, which is continued by several techniques, i.e. recording technique and taking note. The data is analyzed by distributional method as suggested by Sudaryanto (2015) and Mahsun (2011). With the use of the oral and written data, as well as the observation method, the analyzing data is done by using substitutional method, translational method, and referential method. The results of the analysis are provided by formal and informal methods. The result of this research shows that the argument structure of intransitive verbs in Toba Batak Language, Aek Kanopan dialect is that intransitive verbs can be divided into two types, namely verbs involving experiencer verbs and action verbs. Both types of verbs require only one argument, the subject, which grammatically functions as the only argument in the sentence. Semantically, the subject can act as an agent who performs an action or as an experiencer who experiences a state or feeling. Then, typologically of grammatical, the argument structure of intransitive verb in TBL Aek Kanopan dialect involved as an accusative-type language.

Information technology plays an important role, both now and in the future. Information technology is believed to bring great benefits and interests to countries in the world. There are at least 2 (two) things that make information technology considered so important in spurring world economic growth. First, information technology drives demand for information technology products themselves, such as computers, modems, tools for building internet networks and so on. Second, is to facilitate business transactions, especially financial business in addition to other general businesses. Information technology by the countries that are members of the G-8 group is seen as very vital in the future world economic growth, expanding learning opportunities and obtaining information for the worlds people.

This study aims to compare the regulation of Unlawful Acts (PMH) in the transportation sector in Indonesia and the Netherlands, in order to provide better policy recommendations. The method used is normative juridical with a comparative approach, through analysis of regulations and legal norms in both countries. The results show that the PMH system in the Netherlands, which applies the principle of strict liability, is more effective in handling transportation accident cases compared to Indonesia, which still relies on the element of fault. This results in a faster legal process in the Netherlands and better protection of victims. The implication of this finding is the need for reform in the regulation of PMH in Indonesia to be more responsive to the needs of modern society, as well as increasing public awareness of the importance of complying with traffic regulations. This research is expected to be a reference for policy makers in formulating more effective and efficient regulations in the transportation sector.

Digital technology is being used by kids and teenagers more and more as the world becomes more digital. Computers, smartphones, video games, and digital media are just a few examples of the many types of digital technology that can hold someones interest for lengthy periods. People of all ages are harmed by the rise of digital technology, but children and teenagers are particularly vulnerable. Teenagers use digital tools to engage with one another and spend more time online. They use it for various purposes, including social connection, education, and entertainment, and they go there for just about anything. Overuse of technology can lead to several health problems, such as obesity, poor sleep, musculoskeletal disorders, developmental challenges, and a lack of physical activity. This article reviews the most recent research on the harmful effects of digital technology on childrens health; papers released before 2015 are excluded. Research has indicated that childrens improper use of technology, including its content, duration, frequency, and posture, can pose health hazards.

The issues related to the execution of industrial relations court decisions often involve delays in implementing decisions and resistance from employers that can postpone or avoid the execution of decisions. Additionally, discrepancies between court rulings and field implementation frequently occur due to inadequate law enforcement and weak supervision. The research questions in this study are: How do the principles of substantive justice and procedural justice apply to the implementation of industrial relations court decisions? And what are the challenges and solutions in the implementation of industrial relations court decisions? This research is classified as normative legal research. The approach used in this research is the statute approach. Data collection is conducted through literature study, and data analysis is performed descriptively. Substantive justice requires that industrial relations court decisions reflect a fair distribution of rights and obligations, such as compensation and the restoration of rights for workers unfairly dismissed. Procedural justice emphasizes an equitable and transparent decision-making process, which is related to the effective implementation of decisions. Major challenges in implementing decisions include delays, employer resistance, and discrepancies in implementation, while solutions involve strengthening law enforcement, simplifying legal processes, education, socialization, and alternative dispute resolution mechanisms.

Buddhism is a major religion in the world, it was born in India 2600 years ago, and has spread to many countries, including Vietnam and Thailand. Due to the same origin, the image of Buddha in Thailand and Vietnam has many things in common, and is closely associated with the culture of worshiping the great Brahmanical gods. However, in the process of migration, combined with the different cultures between countries, the image of Buddha and the Great Brahmanical God has had differences between the two countries. In this article, the group of authors focuses on clarifying the image of Buddha and the Great Brahmanical God in the original Buddhist temples of the two countries of Vietnam and Thailand, thereby comparing the differences between them to understand the religious culture of each country.

Maternal health service utilization and its association with womens health care decision-making autonomy were examined from a nationally representative sample. Adequate use of maternal health services is critical in maintaining the well-being and health of mothers and prevent maternal and neonatal mortalities. Womens health care decision-making autonomy has been cited to influence the uptake of maternal services among women in resource-poor countries. A secondary data collected in 2016 by Demographic and Health Survey, Ethiopia, was used. Three maternal health services measurement indicators and their associations with women health decision-making autonomy were examined (number of prenatal visits, birth attended by skilled health personnel, and delivery at health facilities) from a sample of women aged 15-49 years (n=11023) were included. SPSS ver. 27 was used to analyze the data after taking into account survey design effects and sampling weights. Results showed that maternal health utilization services in the study population was inadequate. However, the association between womens health care decision-making autonomy and births attended by skilled health care professionals and birthing at health care facilities were significant. The significant and positive association between womens health care decision-making autonomy and the two critical maternal health services (access to skilled birth attendants and delivery at health facilities) may indicate that enhancing womens autonomy could have a potential to reduce maternal mortalities among Ethiopian women.

This article examines the application of ?A? PARAMITA, the Six Perfections of Mahayana Buddhism, in Vietnamese business ethics. Virtues like Generosity, Ethical Conduct, Patience, Diligence, Meditation, and Wisdom provide a foundation for fostering trust, integrity, and sustainable growth. Examples from leading Vietnamese companies such as VinGroup and FPT illustrate how these teachings align with corporate social responsibility and ethical leadership, enhancing public trust and engagement. Research from the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI) shows that companies practicing these values see higher trust and employee satisfaction. Recommendations include integrating these virtues into training and policy, with further studies suggested for measuring their impact.

People in Indonesia who still use plants to cure livestock diseases are the people of Nubamado village. Knowledge about traditional medicines is very little known and is usually only passed on from generation to generation. The purpose of the study was to describe the types of plants or record the types of local medicinal herbs used by the community in curing animal diseases. The method used in this research is descriptive survey method, namely direct observation method and Participatory Rural Appraisal method, which is an assessment process oriented towards the involvement and active role of the community in research. The sampling technique on medicinal plants was carried out by means of researchers directly documenting it, while the informant technique was carried out by means of, Determination of the initial sample was carried out using Purposive Sampling. After the initial observation, the next informant selection was carried out using the Snowball Sampling method, which is an informant selection technique based on key informant recommendations. Based on the results of the study, there are 25 types of plants that are used by the people of Nubamado village as medicine, the part of the plant that is most often used by the community is the leaves. Family Zingiberaceae, Poaceae, Arecaceae, is the most widely used family as medicinal plants in Nubamado village, the second largest family is Solanaceae, Piperaceae and Fabaceae. The least family is Malvaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Piperaceae, Mimosaceae, Meliaceae, Rubiaceae, Musaceae, Alliaceae, Rutaceae, Myrtaceae, Caricaceae.

The aim of this research is to see how e-commerce trends impact traditional retail marketing strategies. The study emphasize the use of new technologies such as augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence (AI), and omnichannel approaches as a way to maintain traditional retail competitiveness. This was done using the PRISMA framework and SWOT analysis. Data was collected from eleven relevant articles over the past three years (2022-2024) using searches in ScienceDirect and Google Scholar. Results show that the use of technology in omnichannel strategies can improve customer experience and operational efficiency. However, the main obstacles remain infrastructure limitations, high investment costs and data security threats. To address this issue, it is recommended to use mitigation strategis that prioritize technology partnerships and focus on specific market segments. This research provides parctical guidelines for retail partitioners to adjust to the dynamics of the e-commerce market. In addition, this research offers a perspective for academics in studying retail transformation in the digital era.

Digital literacy has become a crucial aspect in the development of modern education in the digital era. Students ability to access, understand, and use digital technology directly contributes to both the quality of education and social harmony. This research aims to understand the extent to which digital literacy has been adopted by students in schools and how these skills impact their educational quality and social interactions. This article explores the importance of digital literacy in improving education quality and fostering social cohesion through a survey conducted among students at SMA Negeri 3 Sumedang. The research aims to examine the relationship between digital literacy and its impact on education quality and social harmony. Data were collected from 272 students as respondents. The findings indicate that increasing digital literacy has a positive correlation with improved education quality and the ability to engage in harmonious social interactions. The results of this research provide a foundation for developing educational programs that focus on enhancing digital skills and security awareness to prepare students for the challenges of the digital era.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) prioritize the value of equality, including ensuring justice and gender equality, fulfilling womens rights, and ending violence against women. Many factors cause violence against women that occur today. One factor causing this is the inequality in relationships between genders, where women are in a subordinate position under men. If this problem is not addressed immediately, it will harm women, especially those in vulnerable conditions. The goal of gender equality in the SDGs is to ensure that women gain security and avoid violence. In its development, this gender inequality causes gender-based violence. This problem leads to femicides as the peak of gender-based violence. Femicide is a term for violence against women. There should be a specific norm or regulation on femicides because, in their implementation, acts that are classified as femicides have not been regulated juridically. The implication is that femicides will be the same as other general crimes. This will have consequences for the governments responsibility for femicide victims and the application of sanctions against femicide perpetrators. Therefore, to achieve true equality between women and men, consistent, solutive, and up-to-date efforts are needed to overcome these problems.

This research aims to determine the differences in the influence of the El Rondo and Diamond Passing Drill training methods on female players soccer passing abilities. This research uses experimental methods. Research design is a plan for conducting research, which helps research in collecting and analyzing data. The research design used in this research is 2 x 2 factorial. In order to find out differences in the results of the treatment given using control variables. This research was conducted at the Baturan Football Field, Kec. Colomadu, Kab. Karanganyar, Central Java. The test results with 2-way ANOVA statistics obtained in the interaction test obtained a calculated f value of 7.157 and a probability of 0.017. Based on the criteria mentioned above, probability < 0.05 means that interaction factors influence increasing football passing ability. interaction factors mean that training methods and eye-foot coordination work together to improve football passing ability. So Hypothesis 3 which states: there is an interaction between training methods and eye-foot coordination on increasing football passing ability is accepted. The conclusion of this study is an interaction effect between training methods and eye-foot coordination on increasing football passing ability as proven by the ANOVA statistical test, namely the probability value is 0.017 < 0.05.

Many facets of society, including the legal profession, have been profoundly impacted by the development of information and communication technology. A quick and effective resolution process is required in Indonesia due to the growing number of legal disputes. According to Article 1(10) of Law No. 30 of 1999 on Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution, the rise of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) provides non-litigation methods such mediation, negotiation, and arbitration, even though traditional litigation is still a last resort. As technology advanced, alternative dispute resolution (ADR) gave way to online dispute resolution (ODR), which combines digital platforms and the internet to provide distant and economical dispute resolution procedures. This study looks at how ODR helps Indonesia develop a contemporary, inclusive legal system. It emphasizes how ODR may be used to resolve issues like case.

The criminal punishment system in the WvS Criminal Code has shifted from only imposing punishments (single track system) to punishment and/or measures (double track system) in the National Criminal Code. This study aims to determine the conditions under which measures can be imposed and the form and application of measures in the new Criminal Code. The method used in this study is the doctrinal research method. The conditions for criminal law subjects to be subject to measures are as follows: if the criminal law subject is an individual, including people with mental and intellectual disabilities, children under 14 (fourteen) years of age, and corporations. The imposition of Measures must be based on the objectives and guidelines for punishment as in Articles 51 to 54 of the New Criminal Code.

This research was conducted to determine the contributions of the stakeholders of oyster mushroom livelihood project particularly on their participation on technical services and adequacy/availability of financial services; to determine the challenges encountered in terms of knowledge, willingness, attitude and policy implementation; and develop a framework that can help to address sustainability of the mushroom livelihood project. Four municipalities in Ilocos Sur Province were selected as research site using an inclusion criteria. A constructed survey questionnaire and an interview guide were used to gather data which were collated and interpreted using the point scale, range of values, and descriptive equivalent. As prevailed in the research study, there is high participation on the technical support of the LGU in all activities of the mushroom livelihood project. However, the mushroom growers consistently claimed a low to moderate participation of LGUs on the support to development initiatives of the mushroom livelihood project and formalizing involvement of funding agencies and other stakeholders through a MOA. On the area of financial support, LGUs provided highly available/adequate support according to them but mushroom growers mentioned they received moderately available/adequate financial support. On the knowledge, willingness, and attitude of mushroom growers, there were no challenges encountered. This suggests that they have already the knowledge and capabilities of producing and managing their mushroom livelihood. They just needed enhancement in order to prove more about the technology and its management. On the policy implementation, the LGUs have encountered varied challenges in the area of technical policies, but overall, the LGUs and the mushroom growers revealed that they encountered very serious challenges. On the financial policies aspect, the LGUs encountered a very serious challenge, specifically on the allocation of funds for monitoring activities. Overall, a low to moderate participation of LGUs on their technical support, a moderately available/adequate financial support, and challenged with the problem on policy implementation prevailed based from the result of the study, hence, the sustainability mechanism and development framework on oyster mushroom livelihood development project is hereby recommended to help achieve sustainable rural community development through participation and empowerment of the stakeholders.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and its management have become pivotal tools in balancing developmental goals with sustainable environmental practices, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria. This study examines the effects of EIA and environmental management on the economic growth of Nigeria from 1990 to 2023. The study used Autoregressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) technique. The result shows that a long run relationship was observed among the variables, foreign direct investment, trade openness and exchange rate were positive and insignificant in enhancing gross domestic product. While employment rate negatively and insignificantly enhanced gross domestic product growth. The study recommends among other things that government should create enabling business environment by simplifying regulatory procedures, reducing bureaucracy, and enhancing transparency. Government should also diversify export as this will encourage non-oil exports through incentives and support. Develop a comprehensive employment policy and invest in human capital development and Flexible exchange rate regime.