The main purpose of this article is to provide a comparative analysis of speak with and talk with in the Corpus of Historical American English (COHA) and the Corpus of Contemporary Namkil Kang American English (COCA). With respect to the COHA, it is interesting to note that talk with was always preferred over speak with by Americans except 1820, 1830, and 1840. A further point to note is that speak with had the highest frequency (271 tokens) in 2010, whereas talk with had the highest frequency (633 tokens) in 1950. With respect to the COCA, it is worth pointing out that speak with and talk with show the same property in four genres, whereas they show a different property in the other four genres. Simply put, in the eight genres of the COCA, speak with is 50% the same as talk with. Talking about the distance between speak with and talk with, the former is the nearest to the latter in the web genre. Quite interestingly, the COCA shows that talk with people and speak with authority are the most widely used (126 tokens vs. 56 tokens) in America. Finally, this paper argues that 26.08% of forty six nouns are the collocations of speak with and talk with, thus revealing a low degree of similarity.

Purpose: The primary objective of this research is to estimate the brand equity of several national private commercial banks in Bangladesh. It will aid these banks in understanding the competitive situation of their brand, allowing them to devise a more effective branding plan to strengthen their position in the industry. Methodology: This research employs a quantitative methodological approach. The survey method is used to collect data for the research. The responses were obtained using a technique of random sampling. The respondents were BBA students from various private universities in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The data was collected in the year 2022. Using Cochrans approach, the researcher determined the appropriate sample size for the survey. The acquired data were evaluated using one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance). Findings: The value of F is 232.557, and its p-value is.000, which is less than the alpha threshold of .05, suggesting that it is statistically significant. Consequently, there is a statistically significant variation between the mean brand equity scores of various banks. Originality/Value: Each national private commercial bank in Bangladesh has its own brand equity, which fluctuates over time. Thus, knowing the current ranking of brand equity for the chosen national private commercial banks in Bangladesh would enable them to comprehend their current position in the industry and the current perceptions of their customers. So that they can modify and enhance their branding strategy based on their desired market position.

Purpose: The main focus point of this research is to look into the effectiveness of training at various levels of management. It will aid firms in developing more effective training techniques for various levels of management. Methodology: The quantitative technique is used in this study. The survey approach is used in the study to obtain data. The replies were collected using a random sampling method. Managers from various private firms in Dhaka, Bangladesh, who have undergone various training and are also involved in the training of their employees, are among the respondents. We utilized Cochrans method to determine the proper sample size for the survey. One-Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) was used to evaluate the gathered data. Findings: The value of F is 45.153, which has a p-value of .000 which is less than the .05 alpha level, indicating that it is significant. As a result, there is a statistically significant variation in the effectiveness of training at various levels of managers. Originality/Value: When developing training for the organizations various levels of managers, its important to remember that the trainings outcomes will change owing to the variances in the managers levels. Training will undoubtedly increase the general performance of managers at all levels, but not at a very high level for top management.

Since the foundation of the Muslim Brotherhood in 1928, the movement has had a formidable political perspective combined with Islamic teachings. Regrettably, a critical aspect of political Islam rarely occurs or is inadequately addressed in Egyptian politics. The collapse of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt had, of course, influenced the Islamist movements around the globe. It also highlighted the battle between modern political Islam and the state. Egypt, however, is the most influential Islamic country worldwide, but it is also an unacceptable state for Islamist movements and political Islam. Thus, this paper politically investigates to understand what Hassan al-Banna founds in modern political Islam? And it answers a fundamental question; why political Islam has failed in Egypt, albeit the Muslim Brotherhood has been practising politics for more than 90 years. The paper ascertained that modern political Islam had failed due to the failure of the Muslim Brotherhood, not the structure and context of modern political Islam ideology.

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This study aims to describe the results of forensic linguistic analysis of speech that has the potential to have a legal impact derived from the social media of the Banyumas community. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method based on forensic linguistic theory which is associated with speech analyzed using expressive speech act studies. The research data is in the form of speech that contains elements of hate speech/ insults and defamation contained in social media used by the banyumas community. Data collection is used by reading, recording, and documenting various sources related to speech that have the potential to have a legal impact. Data analysis is carried out with reading, note-taking, as well as interpretation techniques carried out based on forensic linguistic theory. The result of this study is a variety of forms of speech that have the potential to have a legal impact such as blame speech, satirical speech, criticizing speech, and insulting speech.

The Indian Tamils settled down in the South Central Province of Mountains nearly 200 years ago. It is officially reckoned that the Indian Tamils are about 5% of the entire population of Sri Lanka. There is a strong background behind the settlement of the ancestors of millions of Indian Tamils who live widespread in the Uphills of Sri Lanka. Most of the Indian Provinces were severely affected by the Famine in the 19th century; Madras Presidency was one among them. In order that death due to famine may be controlled, the British Indian Administration decided to send away the Tamils to the Colonial Nations that were under the British rule.

This is a descriptive research which aimed to determine the factors influencing drug addiction extending the Dislocation Theory of Addiction. Selected variables from this theory were operationalized through indicators which were then translated into a self-reported questionnaire. In selecting the respondents, it employed homogeneous purposive sampling, with 150 Tokhang surrenderees chosen who had completed MODTRCs 6-month in-house program. The data from the survey was analyzed thru simple linear regression using IBM SPSS Statistics (version 20), and the Cronbachs alpha (1951) coefficient was used to assess the validity of variables. To determine the causal relationship of variables, data were processed using licensed versions of IBM SPSS AMOS (version 26) to perform Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), which will further show the account for a specific impact of household income (HI) and family type (FT) on substance use (SU). The findings reveal that FT appears to be the most significant on SU with p<0.001 while HI has a significant impact on substance use, with p<0.05.Basing from the data, the study concludes that substance use (SU) is influenced by their low-income status and a product from a broken or single parent family

Conflicts among construction players during the construction stage are a common occurrence. It became an unavoidable issue and negatively impacted the projects overall performance in terms of time, cost, work quality and productivity as well as damage to the business relationship. Therefore, this research aims to identify the factors contributing to the conflicts among construction players during the construction stage. To achieve the research objective, the questionnaire survey was selected as the research methodology. This research was conducted in Kota Bharu, Kelantan and the respondents for this study can be categorized into two (2) categories: contractor and consultant. The data was analyzed by using descriptive analysis from the SPSS software. Based on the data collected, lack of communication is a major factor in conflict arising among the construction players involved during the construction stage. The data obtained through this research can help resolve or reduce the occurrence of conflict and protect the interest of all the construction players involved during the construction stage in the future.

Chendebji village under Tangsibji Gewog, Trongsa Dzongkhag is a receptacle of diverse cultures. The village is known for its historical sense and the folktales. The socio-cultural practices are almost similar to other villages but they have their uniqueness in certain aspects. Moreover, modernization has exposed Chendebji to the external world and with the coming of Buddhism, there are several improvisations made to the socio-cultural aspects and the Bon practices. However, it has changed with time. Thus, the researcher explored the diverse sociocultural aspects and practices of Chendebji and studied the untouched, improvised and lost sociocultural aspects and practices of the village. The population consisted of 100 participants hailing from Chendebji. The researcher used mixed-method research, integrating structured survey questionnaire and semi-structured interview. Further, the researcher analysed the data using Descriptive and Narrative analysis. Thus, the researcher found the unique culture of Chendebji village even with the transition from then to now.

The digital economy has become the top concern of economic scientists around the world when there are global upheavals and crises that change the nature of many economic structures and forms of economic operation. In Vietnam, the digital economy is not only formed by the practical needs of the general global context but also reflected in the governments policies or action plans. In general, the digital economy is an inevitable and growing trend and is gradually being institutionalized in the states policy system. However, there is a need for more in-depth studies on each aspect or large-scale research programs on the digital economy in Vietnam with both positive and negative aspects now and in the future.

This paper adopts a text analysis method based on media reports. The corpus comes from relevant reports on Shanghai of Google News from 2016 to 2020. There are a total of 64 relevant reports, of which 25, we believe, can deeply reflect overseas medias perception of Shanghai image. We classify, analyze, and select some typical sentences in an appropriate manner. Zhou Ning (2011) believes that from the perspective of knowledge and imagination, the image of China contains three layers o f meanings: first, western cognition and imagination of the reality of China to a certain extent; second, western self-recognition, anxiety and expectation of Sino-Western relations; third, the metaphorical expression of self-identity concerning Western culture. This kind of imagination is based on reflecting facts and is a kind of cognition of the objective world. At the same time, it requires peoples mental intelligence to fill in the image with which is absent from reality (Belleretal, 1994). Due to the individuals subjective initiative, this understanding will inevitably lead to an impression that is deviated from the original image. When analyzing the reports of Shanghai by foreign media, we use fact-based informational descriptions as a supplement, and turn our perspective to foreign medias evaluation of Shanghai as a city and its urban culture for the aim of exploring the cultural image of Shanghai in the eyes of foreign media. The study will examine which of the reports reflect the western views and evaluations on the image of Shanghai, and which ones are a reflection of the image of Shanghai integrated with that of western countries. Based on the above, we divide the corpus of the Western media reports on Shanghai into two categories for study: overseas medias cognition of Shanghais cultural image and the reflection of the image of Shanghai integrated with that of western countries western culture and their self-identity.

This study examines implementing school-based management to improve the quality of State Islamic junior high schools. This study aims to determine the application of school-based management principles (SBM) in improving the quality of State Islamic junior high schools and the implementation of school-based management concepts in improving the quality of State Islamic junior high schools. This study uses a qualitative research method with a case study approach. Data was collected using observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The data obtained were analyzed by data reduction techniques which were then presented in a table to build themes related to the existing theoretical constructs. Then the independence of State Islamic junior high schools in meeting the availability of facilities and infrastructure is also good. Then the State Islamic junior high schools collaboration has been carried out with various relevant parties internally and externally. Furthermore, stakeholder participation in school management can be seen from the support of stakeholders funds, facilities, and personnel in implementing work programs in State Islamic junior high schools. Furthermore, the transparency carried out by madrasas has also been carried out through the openness of State Islamic junior high schools in conveying information through meeting activities, State Islamic junior high schools bulletin boards, and websites. The research implication is the need for the principals to socialize the concept of school-based management so that all existing actors have a high sense of responsibility for each task assigned to them to improve the quality of education.

It was not the state but the missionaries that first gave special attention to the disabled in Colonial India. In other words, the conceptualization of awareness about special care and education for the disabled in India started with the Christian theological idea of disability and with the idea of charity. Christian missionaries established special education institutions in India with funding from overseas charitable societies. Through the preaching of Christianity in these schools, missionaries constructed the idea of divinity of brokenness for the disabled in India. They preached about the divinity of suffering and used education as a tool to integrate the disabled into Christianity. The missionaries primarily used basic interpretations of the Bible to create an awareness of the care needs for the disabled among the local populations. They tried to spread the Christian ideology that everything under Gods patronage was a created image of God and that everyone held a high value. Most importantly, they maintained that all believers were created by God, and each has a mission to fulfil based on his/her destiny. For every evangelization, the missionaries quoted the Bible for more support and interpretation. The rooted dogma of having a life for a purpose was spread across the country to advocate the significance of the disabled in society. The missionaries indoctrinated the idea that in a healthy church, everybody belongs. Christianity was appealed as a religion of inclusion and this continuous mission work among the disabled population increased the popularity of Christianity in India.

Nature and Society are compulsory subjects in the primary education curriculum in Vietnam. However, this subject has not really attracted the attention and investment of the lecturers and the learners are not really interested in it. This study explores the factors affecting the learning attitude towards the subject of Nature and Society of primary school students in Vietnam. An exploratory factor analysis method was used, with 19 questions designed and sent to primary school students through social channels and with the help of parents. Based on survey results from 101 students and data analyzed through SPSS software, the results of exploratory factor analysis identified four main factors affecting learning attitudes towards the subject of Nature and Society of Vietnamese Primary School Students: Factor 1 - Teachers pedagogical skills (50.056%); factor 2 - Parental influence (8.799%), factor 3 - the influence of classmates (6,724%) and factor 4 - the belief and interest of learners (5,329%). The results of this study can become a source of reference for other researchers, and also suggest educators in proposing pedagogical measures in teaching subjects with high efficiency.

Human resources are company assets that must be managed and developed, because indirectly workers can affect the quality of company performance. The process of worker commodification is a form of company in utilizing the skills and abilities of workers to get the maximum benefit. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. This research reveals that the concept of media convergence adopted by Arema Media Group has an impact on the management of the company under its coverage. In one of the Arema Media group companies, Ameg.tv, there is a practice of commodification of workers in the form of additional working hours, double duty, chasing targets, and adaptation. Ameg.tv in human resource management in the GIG Economy era must understand the characteristics of employees in order to map the positions, duties, and responsibilities of employees to achieve Ameg.tv targets in facing the challenges of media convergence.

People can no longer avoid using technology in their daily lives because it has been incorporated into every facet of life. The development of computer hardware and software to provide higher-quality translated texts is known as machine translation (MT). This research examined MTs importance as a tool for university students using qualitative methods. Data was collected through library research from national and international journals. The results demonstrated that students typically appreciate the importance of Web-Based Machine Translation (WBMT) technology for supporting language acquisition. Only a very small number of participants felt that the availability of WBMT tools eliminated the need to learn how to write in English. This is consistent with the finding that most participants recognize the importance of cognitive involvement in English Language learning. Furthermore, MT can improve writing quality in terms of accuracy and syntactic complexity. Excessive reliance on tools may prevent students from thoroughly improving their translation skills.

Migrations have both negative and positive ramifications for the reconfiguration of gender relations. This paper focuses on how the changing status of African women migrants impacts on gender relations, and how patriarchy impacts on migration. Primary and secondary data from a qualitative analysis established that in all types of migrations, patriarchal relations are both strengthened and challenged, whilst in the main, gender relations are strengthened. Inferences drawn from regions other than Africa are also applied to the analysis to enrich the arguments in a manner that makes the paper relevant to academic analysis in other regions globally.

The confiscation of crime proceeds, or the assets confiscation is the root of very basic justice principle, where a crime should not provide benefits to the perpetrator (crime should not pay), or in other words, a person should not take advantage of the illegal activities he or she is doing. Confiscation of assets that are suspected of being unreasonable can be suspected of violating human rights. If the assets owned exceed the amount of their income, the perpetrator is obliged to prove that the assets were obtained legally. The research method used is normative, which examines and examines using laws and regulations. The result of the research is that the application of asset confiscation is not a violation of human rights. Human rights violations occur when it turns out that assets confiscated are not the result of a criminal act of corruption committed by the defendant. Illegal seizure of assets violates human rights which are the property of citizens. Violations of human rights are regulated in the 1945 Constitution and Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights.

This study aimed to determine the impact of the limited face-to-face class intervention on the achievements of students in English 7. A Post-Test Only Non-equivalence Groups Design was used. A total of twenty-four (24) respondents were conveniently chosen wherein twelve (12) of these respondents attended the English intervention using the modules and the other twelve (12) were exposed to modular print only. The Mann Whitney U test result (U = 114: p = .01581), indicates that the Limited Intervention Group (LIG) performs significantly better with the higher average rank of 16 compared to the Modular Print Group (MPG) with an average rank of 9. Comparing the achievement level through the Mean Percentage Scores (MPS), it appears that the MPS of LIG is relatively higher than the MPG by 12.90%, indicating that limited intervention can improve students English proficiency. Furthermore, the students in the LIG expressed a strong positive attitude towards the limited face-to-face class intervention.

Learning resources are the most urgent thing in the learning process, including history learning. However, until now there have been no learning resources in the form of books or other media made based on the characteristics of history itself, namely Historical Thinking. Historical thinking is only discussed as part of historical scholarship. In fact that is the main purpose why history should be taught. In essence, by studying history, students understand chronology, have the ability to analyze causality, causal relationships of each event, are able to interpret events correctly, think three dimension of time, and are able to take values from events that can be applied in todays life. Based on this, this study aims to produce learning resources in the form of video media designed based on Historical Thinking. Where historical material is not focused on describing facts, but analyzing facts and inviting students to practice historical thinking.

The alternative assessment was implemented in the Editing Course (AK20903) to analyze students group achievement in digital skills. This core course is compulsory for all second-year communication (UH6321001) students to prepare them with the skills of writing, analyzing, and copy editing. Students digital skills are assessed through the publication of a digital newspaper that uses graphics applications provided by the university. However, this software can only be accessed within the campus area. The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the landscape of student locations where students are no longer within the coverage area where the software is accessible. To address this issue, the Canva application is being tried out. This study employs a quantitative approach with a sample of 124 respondents consisting of current students who are registered in the AK20903 (Editing) course. This study aims to analyze the acceptance level of the students of the introduced innovation. To collect the data a set of four parts questionnaire was used that included the demographic information, perception of user-friendly, perception of usability, and students satisfaction. The results showed that most of the respondents highly agreed that perception of usefulness, perception of usability, and users satisfaction are the factors that influenced their acceptance of the innovation performance assessment of digital newspaper publications. The findings of the study indicate that students acceptance of the innovation performance assessment of digital newspaper publishing is influenced by the benefits and usability gained from the use of Canva.

Indonesia is a country based on law, so any human or community activity that is its life activity must be based on the rules and norms that apply in society. This PSBB is an object intended in Article 93 because the PSBB is a form of health quarantine. The application of this criminal sanction aims to provide a deterrent effect to violators of the PSBB policy. Indeed, the imposition of criminal sanctions on PSBB violators is not appropriate, but considering that there are still many people who do not heed this policy, they do not feel deterred if they are only given sanctions such as social work. The formulation of the problem is how to apply large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) sanctions in the criminal law perspective and the construction of criminal sanctions on the formulation of the offense in Article 93 of Law No. 6 of 2018 concerning Health Quarantine. The research method used is normative juridical.

This article analyzes the understanding of the importance of the international division of labor in cyberspace and the digital economy. The author made an attempt to determine the meaning and regulation of the international division of labor in modern digital realities. The author comes to the conclusion that the digital economy has become part of the international division of labor and it is necessary to digitize and consolidate the market, as well as prepare a sufficient legal framework.

In the academic year 2022/2023, elementary schools that choose and determine as independent schools to learn, move independently, and independently share, implement an independent curriculum or the 2022 curriculum. The purpose of the study is to describe the problems of elementary school teachers in formulating the school operational curriculum (KOS). The research method is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach. Data collection was carried out by means of interviews, questionnaires, and observations. The results of the study indicate that the problems that arise in formulating school operational curricula can be inventoried, namely: 80% of teachers do not understand the development theory of formulating lesson hours (JP), analyzing books from the Ministry of Education and Culture, and how to teach them; 70% do not yet have an understanding of the definition of concepts in the curriculum, such as: distinguishing the definition of goals and targets, understanding learning outcomes and phases, and defining models with approaches; 90% have not been able to understand the meaning of knowledge and science and also distinguish project based learning as a project to strengthen the Pancasila Student Profile with projects that are attached to subjects. The conclusion of the research is that elementary school teachers, at least 70%, have problems in interpreting the understanding of concepts in the curriculum and formulating concepts into the KOS document chart. Keywords: Problematics, Formulation, Curriculum

The paper title planning implementation, evaluation of adult and non formal education programme in Nigeria examine the concepts planning as systematic arrangement of human and material resources to coordinate the activities of the organization or programme. The paper also looked at need analysis and programme planning of adult and non formal which include: asking, observing and testing. The paper also examines types of planning in adult and non formal education programme which include among others: hierarchical, frequency and contingency. The authors discuss in details steps in programme planning of adult and formal education that includes: being aware of opportunities, establishing objectives and develop premises etc. The paper further described how implementation process of adult and non formal education is been done through: fund, human and material resources and technical personnel for programme implementation among others. And evaluation process on adult and non formal education programme were part of what the paper examine in order to see the achievement and where need is to correct mistakes. The evaluation process include: formative and summative process. The paper finally gives summary about the paper.

E-newspapers have become inescapable sources of information thanks to their accessibility and interactivity. In their commentary sections, these digital platforms have given voice to their audience to have their say in what is reported. Yet, despite the popularity of such digital platforms, little is known about their interactive communication process, production and consumption. Accordingly, this study tires to investigate the interactive aspect of the most popular Moroccan e-newspaper, Hespress, in the way its journalists and readers represent the issue of irregular migration in Morocco. A thematic analysis was conducted to identify the dominant thematic patterns representing the issue of irregular migration in Hespress news articles and readers comments.

This article analyzes some issues of regulation of international technology transfer, in particular regarding the conflict of laws. Author discusses the conflict regulation of relations on the cross-border transfer of rights to objects of intellectual property, some best practices and comes to opinion that it is appropriate to enshrine the relevant conflict of laws rules in a unifying international legal treaty.

Vaccination against COVID-19 has been available in Morocco since January 2021. However, some of people report not wanting to be vaccinated. In order to increase the willingness of the population to get vaccinated, the Moroccan government launched its free nationwide vaccination campaign. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the reasons leading to rejecting the vaccination based on posts from Moroccan Facebook users. Accordingly, Facebook was searched regarding negative attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the data and to inductively generate codes, subcategories and categories. Based on 100 posts written by Facebook users, three main themes were identified for refusing a COVID-19 vaccination: mistrust of vaccination, health concerns, and lack of information. The study emphasizes the relevance of providing trustworthy and quality-assured information on COVID-19 vaccination to the population.

This study aims to examine the relationships between depressive mood, self-deception, and attachment dimensions by using language style of individuals. Participants (N=41) were asked complete an implicit association task, Beck depression scale, experiences in close relation scale. Besides, they were also asked to write down a passage, in which they should have intentionally produced an obvious lie for themselves. Finally, they were asked to report their memory related to the school life. Following previous studies on language style of lying linguistic components were excluded using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count. Analyses yielded that there was no significant differences in language style for both actual memory notes and intentionally lying conditions for people with low depressive mood (e.g., t-first-person singular (38)=.69, ns). However, there were significant differences between actual memory notes and lying conditions for participants with high depressive mood (e.g., t-first-person plural (38)=3.69, p<.01), signifying that people with depressive mood did not show lying tendency in their actual memory notes, however, this was not the case for people with lower levels of depressive moods. Results of this study confirmed the idea that depressive mood may shadow defence mechanisms like self-deception and people with higher levels of depressive mood would perform lower levels of self-deception. This tendency could also be observed at linguistic dimensions they produced.

Vaccination against COVID-19 has been available in Morocco since January 2021. However, some of people report not wanting to be vaccinated. In order to increase the willingness of the population to get vaccinated, the Moroccan government launched its free nationwide vaccination campaign. Therefore, this study attempts to investigate the reasons leading to rejecting the vaccination based on posts from Moroccan Facebook users. Accordingly, Facebook was searched regarding negative attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination. A thematic analysis was used to analyze the data and to inductively generate codes, subcategories and categories. Based on 100 posts written by Facebook users, three main themes were identified for refusing a COVID-19 vaccination: mistrust of vaccination, health concerns, and lack of information. The study emphasizes the relevance of providing trustworthy and quality-assured information on COVID-19 vaccination to the population.

This study is a part of a more extensive quasi-experimental study on the pedagogical value of portfolio as an alternative mode of assessment in the Moroccan EFL writing classes. It reports on the experimental group students experiences with and attitudes toward portfolio assessment (PA). The participants in this group were 24 high school students, including both male and female students. After benefiting from portfolio-based writing assessment activities for two subsequent semesters, they were invited to voice their attitudes toward the experience using questionnaires and written reflections. The results of the study indicate that most students were highly positive about the pedagogical value of PA and highly recommend it as a viable instructional and assessment alternative.

The article aims to clarify the law on the right to education of ethnic minorities in Vietnam. Based on document sources, especially documents of the Vietnamese government and state, the article analyses three basic issues: 1). Legal provisions on the right to study of ethnic minorities in Vietnam; 2) Achievements and limitations of human rights law enforcement in Vietnam; 3) Some suggestions on improving the effectiveness of the enforcement of the right to education of ethnic minorities in Vietnam. The research results contribute to shed light on ensuring the educational rights of digital-savvy ethnic groups in Vietnam now and in the future.

This study aims to examine fraud cases in Indonesia-China trade relations from the point of view of the Indonesian exporters as victims. Empirically and theoretically, the research focuses on gaps in trade relations that trigger the victimization of Indonesian exporters and seeks to uncover economic, political, legal, and cultural asymmetries in accordance with the stages and typology of fraud victimization initiated by Michael Levi (2009). This study contextualizes fraud victimization on the phenomenon of criminogenic asymmetries in Indonesia-China trade relations. The study uses a qualitative approach with an explanatory method, while the data analysis uses a triangulation technique. The results of the study reveal several essential things. First, the victimization cases of Indonesian exporters occur because of the existence of non-legal route options in trade with China that puts the exporters in the category of diffuse victimization. This option is available because it is a rational choice of cost-effective, duty-free, and with no licensing. It is even more dramatic when the government and law enforcement commit victim blaming, then see cases of default as negligence, not fraud. Second, there is a lack of coordination between international trade stakeholders in Indonesia, creating difficulties in assisting entrepreneurs processes, especially if the exporters become victims of fraud. Third, the role of groups of perpetrators of organized fraud exists by using the guise of business in Indonesia-China trade relations. Fourth, the fraud victimization experienced by Indonesian exporters is inseparable from the existence of asymmetric criminogenic factors, namely the legal system, technology, knowledge, and culture between the two countries. Fifth, there are empirical and theoretical differences and gaps related to the contextualization of Levis concept of fraud victimization when placed within the framework of criminogenic asymmetries in the Indonesia-China trade case. This gap is due to the occurence of three export routes that significantly affect the concept of victimization typology.

This research article discusses one of the adjustment techniques namely alteration found in the translation of an Indonesian novel into English. The data source is an Indonesian novel entitled Lelaki Harimau and its translation in English, Man Tiger. The novel in the source language shows sophisticated style of writing involving the use of poetic as well as expressive words that it becomes a challenging task for the translator to find the equivalents. It needs a special skill to provide the same messages to the readers of the target language text. It is therefore the translation involves not only one kind of adjustment but also two other kinds under Nidas adjustment techniques as an effort to get the closest and natural equivalent. This research just focuses on the third kind of adjustment technique, alteration. The objectives of this research are to reveal the types of alteration adjustment technique found in the first one hundred sentences of the novel considered as the introduction part and to identify the kind of information adjusted. The method used is descriptive qualitative method. The results show that all types of alteration adjustment technique are involved and the kinds of information adjusted are syntactical as well as cultural.

This brief story is about being a reporter and how this career is volatile and dangerous, mainly while speaking about a conflict or a war. Conflicts all over the world provide an adipose topic for journalists, particularly those who take risks for the sake of living. The story demonstrates how conflicts become the source of living for reporters who struggle to convey to people what they watch and hear from the front.

Vietnamese people have developed a kind of ancestor worship since the beginning of time and regard it as a benchmark of the spirit of filial piety to the nation, ancestors, grandparents, and parents. Worshiping the Hung Kings is an obvious example of this standard of filial piety. A unique form of belief, culture, and religion in the spiritual lives of centuries of Vietnamese people, the establishment and growth of Hung Kings worshiping beliefs is a process that moves from low to high and is consistently maintained through many generations. The great strength of national unity and the pride of the Vietnamese people throughout their past historical adventures are created by this spiritual fulcrum. The article draws the conclusion that the Hung Kings worshipping belief is widespread throughout Vietnam by discussing more about these beliefs and their history of origin, worshiping practices, distinctive values, and contemporary nature.

The development of an economy is marked by its education system and the ability of teachers to bring innovative teaching methods. Innovation has been recognized as the primary strategy to attain a competitive edge in education. The current implications in education system have impelled institutions of higher education to build innovative teaching learning methods to enhance skill development and practical knowledge. The role of a teacher is indispensable in contributing to the success of a student. A teacher inspires, motivates, and imparts knowledge to the students by finding new and innovative methods that makes education simple and easy. Reinventing teaching methods and experimenting different pedagogical techniques in curriculum enhancement ensures the highest standards of quality in a student. Innovating teaching methods leaves a permanent mark of interest on the subject and the teacher. Visualising concepts and reciprocating the same is possible only through the innovative teaching methodology, as it draws curiosity and the potential to question on related topics. Innovative teaching methods set groundwork for skill enhancement and stimulates a zest to teach and learn. Development of new teaching learning methods leads to increased student efficiency and ensures a pragmatic approach of students to have a hands-on experience on practical cases. Case studies, group activities, practical classes, live projects, brain storming sessions are few of the teaching methods that gives students an opportunity to discover their potentials and develop critical learning techniques. In consideration of the above concept a research is undertaken on Innovation in teaching to evaluate students perspective on innovating teaching pedagogy. This study will thus establish the importance of Innovative teaching methods among students.

This study aims to describe and analyze the cultural capital, social capital, economic capital, and symbolic capital owned by the people of Loghiya Village, Lohia Sub-District of Muna Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The theory used to analyze the data in this research is Social Practic Theory. The method used is descriptive qualitative method, through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that social practices in the development of the Loghiya Tourism Village consist of: (1) Cultural capital, in the form of politeness in language, the power possessed by the community and also the level of education possessed by the village youth. (2) Social capital in the form of a network of relationships, trust, reciprocal relationships between individuals or groups in society, values and norms as well as proactive actions; (3) Economic capital in the form of two-wheeled vehicles used in collecting funds, as well as materials from the local community. (4) Symbolic capital in the form of titles and famous families as well as owners of luxury goods and objects owned by some village youths in directing their members for the development needs of Mongkeluno Beach.

The paper considers foreign language teaching through addressing the issues of quality in education and highlighting the significance of including certain methodologies connected with educating poly- and multicultural personalities in teacher training processes. The mentioned anticipates changes to be made not only to the structure of teaching foreign languages in polyand multicultural education but also to the educational content. Therefore, what is discussed first relates to a huge dilemma on the terrains of Ukraine, neighbouring and some post-Soviet countries in respect of wrong and/or misleading usage of the terms polyculturalism, multiculturalism, polycultural education, multicultural education, etc., as well as disconnection of major researches in the clear differentiation among poly- and multicultural education, intercultural and cross-cultural communication and so on. The paper scratches tentatively on the discrepancies identified in the foreign publications of Russian scholars, which might have been built up on verified research data but fail to meet the factual reality as per surveys and questionnaires conducted by independent trusted global agencies. The principal value of the work may associate with the objectives of poly- and multicultural education described in the main body, and a list of expected qualities of a future foreign language teacher who is poly- and multiculturally diverse and ready to face todays challenges in a globalising world.

Stress has a negative impact on humans. Avoiding this impact requires good stress management, one of which is through reminiscence therapy. This therapy is an activity to reminisce about happy events in the past, which can be a coping mechanism to deal with stress. This research aims to determine the effect of reminiscence therapy on reducing stress levels in the elderly. This type of research uses a pre-experimental design with pre-test and post-test designs against one group. The place of research is at the Assalam nursing home for the elderly, Cirebon, Indonesia, in 2020. Sampling using a total sample of 20 respondents. The instrument used was a stress questionnaire (DASS). We collected data by interviewing and filling out a stress questionnaire. The technique of data analysis using T-test. This studys results indicate a significant effect of applying reminiscence therapy on stress levels in the elderly. The results of this study suggest that reminiscence therapy should be done frequently in nursing homes to reflect on feelings daily and reduce stress in the elderly.

The article is devoted to the main problems faced by students of philology in the study of English lexicology. In the university course lexicology is considered as a branch of linguistics that has its own goals and methods of research, main tasks and systematic description of vocabulary according to its origin, development and current use. The paper emphasizes the importance of studying lexicology in the course of higher education institution, because knowledge of lexical units is the basis for the formation of communicative competence and for mastering a foreign language in general. The study of lexicology plays an important role in all types of speech activity (reading, speaking, writing and listening). A sufficient number of programs and textbooks on English lexicology served the material of the article. After analyzing the research material, we can identify the main thematic blocks that are traditionally studied in the course of English lexicology in higher education institution: word formation, semasiology and etymology of the word. The main problems in studying word formation are the distinction between morpheme - allomorph - morph, recognizing different affixes, knowledge of which promotes better understanding of texts and the ability to speak succinctly orally and in writing, defining different ways of word formation. In the thematic block Semasiology the most problematic issues are the meaning of the word, as well as synonymy and polysemy, due to which a large number of new meanings of words appear in the English language. Studying the problems of the thematic block Etymology of the word, including the classification of native and borrowed vocabulary, the presence in English of such concepts as etymological doublets, triplets and hybrids, etc., will allow students of philology not only to distinguish English lexemes from borrowed ones, but it will also show them the richness of the English language, its development, dynamics and improvement, it will cultivate respect for the history and language of the English people. Lexicology should be considered the basic of the English language course in the higher education institution, as the formation of lexical competence is an important component in the formation of foreign language communicative competence. In the process of studying the course, students learn new words, phrases, phraseological units that they need to develop skills of their usage in various types of productive (speaking, writing) and receptive (reading, listening) activities.

The entry of Chinas ships at Natuna Sea in 2019 poses a threat to Indonesias sovereign rights. The entry of Chinas ships was followed by IUU fishing activities. This writing aims to analyze and find out the regulation of international law and efforts that Indonesia can do against foreign ships that entered the Indonesian EEZ. This writing uses normative legal research method by law and statutory approach. The conclusion of this writing is that Indonesias claim to the Natuna sea already has a legal basis because it is included as EZZ in the UNCLOS 1982. The efforts that Indonesia can do against the entry of foreign ships in the EEZ are to propose a settlement through the court of its choice, and take actions such as arrest and detain foreign ships that entered Indonesian EEZ which are accompanied by IUU fishing activities, and follow up with law enforcements.

In largest population country every fifth person is adolescent in age between 10 to 19 years. As they grow with many basic issues like reproductive health problem, sexually transmitted diseases, nutritional deficiencies & mental health problems. Different problems are faced on the basis of rural or urban area. In urban area problems are more related to abuse of alcohol, less sex education, inferiority complex, exam or education stress, social relationship, habit forming drugs & so on. In this sensitive age, they get stuck unintentionally in chaos where they find harsh & difficulties. In addition, binge watching is highly trendy in all age group & it was found greater in the lockdown. Every single person indulges in binge watching for their own reason & entertainment. Firstly, no research was done on adolescent in terms of binge watching. As we are well versed this time every teenager using cell phone & electronic device. Most probably their decision making can be stumble that how to use in appropriate way, what to watch, read & listen, play game and etc. The purpose of the research is to find out binge watching among adolescent & to find out correlation between binge watching & loneliness. A mass of sample is 60 where 30 were boys & 30 were girls respectively. A purposive sampling was used & age criteria was 14 to 18 adolescents. Here independent variable are adolescents (Boys and Girls) & dependent variables are binge watching & loneliness. The two questionnaires were used a self-made questionnaire for binge watching & Loneliness Scale (Social relationship, Interpersonal relationship, Distreved reaction, social isolation, Emptiness) by Adnan Hamid & Mohammad Parvez. A descriptive statistical analysis was done for the result. The research has shown significant correlation between binge watching & loneliness among adolescents.

Cybercrime has increased along with digital growth in Indonesia in the last decade. There has been a heightened urgency among Indonesian government agencies to eradicate cybercrime. These efforts include a national cybersecurity strategy and taking part in regional cooperation, such as AMMTC. This paper examines the effectiveness of the Indonesian National Police (INP)s strategy in AMMTC to combat the nations cybercrime. By looking at the Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI), this article elaborates on whether the INPs approach effectively counters cybercrime in Indonesia. This study utilizes transnational crime, cybercrime, cooperative security, and regional organization concepts. It conducts a qualitative research method with a case study approach as a derivative and an analysis descriptive research type. With primary data in the form of interviews with two sources and secondary data that took various related sources, the research conducts triangulation of data. This study shows that although Indonesia was slower in handling cybercrime cases, the effectiveness of INPs approach on a national and regional scale is starting to look up

The South China Sea is a strategic water area and abundant in natural resources. Chinas historical claims and activities in the South China Sea have given rise to territorial disputes between China and countries around the South China Sea. Disputes over the territorial waters of the South China Sea are a challenge for regional stability, including Indonesia. This dispute poses a threat to the defense of the sovereignty of the Indonesian state because the contested location is near the Indonesian border, namely the territorial waters of the Natuna Islands. This paper uses a normative juridical approach which uses secondary data with descriptive analytical and qualitative research specifications. The results of this study concluded that the cause of conflict in the waters of the South China Sea is because each country has its interests to be realized to benefit from the conflict that occurs and for Indonesia as a mediating country it can continue to be maintained throughout the conflict in the waters of the South China Sea relating to the archipelago, security, and guaranteeing the freedom of international shipping and most importantly the national interest of Indonesia is not harmed, especially in protecting the countrys sovereign territory, namely the territorial waters of the Natuna Islands.

The purpose of this study is to describe the role of the government in tourism development at Muna Barat Regency, and the impact of tourism development on improving peoples welfare at Muna Barat Regency. This research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Qualitative descriptive research is one type of qualitative research because the social and cultural environment at Muna Barat Regency, through the local government emphasizes that the existence of tourist objects can be used as a means for the local community to recognize the variety of cultures brought by domestic and foreign tourists. The results of this research showed that: (1) The governments role in tourism development at Muna Barat Regency is to organize and develop tourism objects to improve community welfare, empower tourism businesses and manage tourism data and promotion, and (2) The impact of tourism development on improving welfare at Muna Barat Regency through tourism development are: lack human resources, lack budget funds from the APBD and DD (Dana Desa/Village Funds) to design the tourism destination development program, and the lack of community support, as well as lack of public awareness of tourism objects.

This study explored possible scenarios for the future of the Indigenous Peoples sustainability linked to the SDGs goal elements by applying the Ethnography Future Research (EFR) synergized with Indigenous methodologies. The study applied interview techniques, storytelling, and sharing-talking circles to collect data, and involved 31 selected informants representing social segments of the Serawai, an Indigenous People in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. The study employed domain, taxonomy, componential, and cultural themes analysis. The research findings showed that the EFR combined with the indigenous research approach can identify and comprehend the sustainability indicators of Indigenous People. The indicators were obtained through scenarios formulated by research participants including optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely scenarios. The ERF synergized with indigenous research methods facilitated Indigenous Peoples to determine their future based on Indigenous perspectives and allowed researchers to involve Indigenous Peoples in the entire research process. The research findings had been a significant source of data and information in the process of drafting the Regional Regulation on Indigenous Peoples in Bengkulu province.

The new norms of education during the COVID-19 pandemic caused many to worry that year one children would not be able to master reading skills. This study aims to identify the mastery of Malay language reading skills among preschool children from the perception of teachers and explore the challenges faced by preschool teachers when conducting teaching and facilitation at home (TFH). This qualitative study uses a case study method by interviewing four participants consisting of preschool teachers and teachers teaching year one pupils. The research participants were selected using the purposive sampling method. The interview protocol was self -administered by the researcher and data were collected through audio recording equipment by telephone conversations. Interview transcripts were analyzed thematically. The results of the analysis found that the majority of six-year-old children in preschool have not yet mastered reading skills in preparation for year one of primary school. Teachers have no satisfaction in teaching online and face many challenges to apply reading skills among children. The challenge is that teachers find it difficult to teach children in a one to one manner and the childrens constant absence in class made it difficult to help them. Teachers had to allocate a large amount of time and had to seek the cooperation of parents to overcome this problem. This study also suggests that there are appropriate methods, books or equipment that can help engage children in learning to read.

Voter turnout and unemployment are major concerns in the world. The research studied how unemployment impacts voter turnout by engaging the people of some selected areas of the Asokwa constituency in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. In this study, the voting patterns of electorates were examined, with the topic of unemployment receiving the greatest attention. The Asokwa constituency in Ghanas Ashanti Region was the focus of the research, which examined how unemployment affects voting behavior. With 150 people as the sample, questionnaires and oral interviews were used in the data collection process to gather the necessary data for the study. The results showed that ethnicity plays a role in voting turnout, albeit its impact is less pronounced than that of unemployment. However, it does affect voting participation to a lesser extent than unemployment. The outcomes were shown graphically to explain the data. In order to combat voter indifference, recommendations and conclusions were made to advice that voters should pay greater attention to the other components of the possible governments manifesto. Additionally, the administration was asked to do its best to keep the promises it made throughout the campaign. Finally, the electorate were urged to actively participate in political activities in order to enhance the nations excellent governance.

Child-Friendly City (CFC) is a policy develops by Government to ensure the fulfillment of childs rights. The policy was born as a follow-up action to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and is an attempt by the Government to improve child welfare. Depok City in West Java, Indonesia is one of the cities who committed to implement this policy since 2010. The research is a policy study that analyzes the interpretation of CFC policy within the local community (RW). This research uses a qualitative approach and based on its benefits is social policy research. The knowledge gained as a result of a social policy research can be used for particularly beneficial for disadvantaged populations, which in this study are children. In implementing the CFC policy in the RW community, the author analyzes the dynamics of the implementation of a Child-Friendly RW, which is then divided into two cases. In the first case, the community has three variables that have been identified, namely: the quality of the community, community assets attached to the community, and the existence of a change agent. These three variables make motivations come from within the community which give rise to initiatives that lead to high community participation and manifest in various activities of fulfilling childrens rights, which then has an impact on behavior change in the community. These three variables were not found in the second case of child-friendly RW, where the people in the community was passive so that there was no change in behavior in children or the community in general. As a recommendation, the authors encourage the community to increase its awareness towards current issues happens in the neighborhood, and the public policies that have great benefits for the community. In addition, the community must also proactively broaden their horizons by accessing the latest information from media.

It has been almost two decades now since the Amazigh language has been integrated in the Moroccan education system. Morocco decided, after the King Mohammed the sixth famous speech in Ajdir in 2001, to make Amazigh language officially taught in Moroccan schools. Amazigh language started as a school subject in 317 primary schools in 2003, with the hope of covering all the Moroccan schools in 2010. However, the reality nowadays is completely the opposite. Even after another decade Amazigh language covers only 5% of Moroccan schools. This state of fact shows that there is a wide gap between official discourse at the macro level about the Amazigh educational policy and the implementation of this policy at the micro level. The objective of this paper is to investigate the manifestations and effects of the gap between macro and micro levels of language policy and planning concerning Amazigh language in Moroccan education system. The central questions that this paper is trying to answer are the following: i) how is the gap between macro and micro levels of language policy manifested in the Amazigh education policy? ii) How does this gap affect the status of the Amazigh language in Moroccan primary schools? To achieve the focal objective and answer the central questions of this paper, first we will analyze the vision of the policymakers at the macro level to enact the full integration of the Amazigh language in Moroccan schools. Second, to tackle the implementation part of the Amazigh education policy at the micro level, a questionnaire is addressed to Amazigh language teachers at primary schools. The focus of the questionnaire is twofold: a) have a clear image of the situation of Amazigh language at the micro level. b) Derive the challenges that hamper the implementation of the macro level policies at the micro level.

The pandemic of COVID-19, which swept the globe, has damaged all facets of human endeavor, including education. As a response to the hazards to life posed by the epidemic, educational institutions in Ghana have had to improvise in order to provide tuition to students in order to mitigate the impact of the virus on students. The school administration at the Nyankpala campus of the identified and implemented e-learning as an alternative to face-to-face instruction, which posed a hazard to the health of students during the epidemic. This study aimed to examine the socioeconomic factors influencing the challenges faced by students in the use of e-learning during COVID-19, with a specific focus on the students of Nyankpala Campus, using both primary and secondary data to debrief the conceptions and theories in order to assess the level of impact of the pandemic and e-learning on students academic performance. The study also sought to investigate the sources of information on COVID-19 from the respondents and the preventive measures, as these two factors determine their access to electrical devices to participate in e-learning and the extent to which this approach has impacted their academics as the study solicits the pertinent information on the measures implemented by the universitys administration to ensure continuous learning. In this regard, the study employed a case study design with qualitative technique as the strategy for eliciting pertinent information through the use of key interview guides and personal interviews. According to the results, 62.31 % of the students are from metropolitan areas, while 37.69 % are from rural areas. In terms of money and social status, the numbers show that 17.69% of students come from high-class societies and 57.69% come from low-class societies. 58.46 % consistently reported poor network coverage, compared to 41.54 % who always had network connectivity. Data bundles, a lack of e-learning devices, and inadequate training were highlighted as the primary obstacles. As a result, several students were forced to miss or leave lectures, which negatively impacted their academic achievement and the delivery of instruction. In the future, it is proposed that the university collaborate with a number of government regulatory agencies, such as the National Communication Authority (NCA), to reduce the cost of data in order to improve internet connectivity on campus, as well as subsidize student tuition fees in order to alleviate the financial burden placed on students.

Forecasts of elements that can lower unemployment are always significant since they demonstrate a countrys economic development strategys efficacy. The difficulties that workers have in finding work has major implications for Vietnams socioeconomic development. The goal of this study is to look at the influence of transportation infrastructure on unemployment in Vietnams 63 regions from 2000 to 2020. Improvements in Vietnams transportation infrastructure have helped cut unemployment throughout the countrys 63 provinces and regions, according to the baseline regression results. When the System Generalized Method of Moment estimator was utilized in this investigation, the same results were achieved. The results of the robustness check are comparable to those of the previous tests. The Vietnamese government continues to push the development of high-quality transportation infrastructure in order to assure future socioeconomic development. This is a critical aspect in reducing unemployment and restoring the Vietnamese economy following the COVID-19 period.

Persuasive dawah is one of the approaches taken by officers in fostering ex-commercial sex workers while being rehabilitated. This type of research is qualitative with a sociological approach and data sources are five informants. Data obtained through observation, in-depth interviews and documentation, then analyzed by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the form of application of persuasive dawah to the development of ex-commercial sex workers, namely; a). Delivery of persuasive dawah in the form of providing social guidance; self-interity and dawah material, b). Delivery of persuasive dawah in the form of advanced guidance, c). the application of persuasive dawah in the form of fardiyah; coaching in the form of Islamic tabligh, coaching in the form of tajuiya, coaching in the form of tabligh khitabah, coaching in the form of Islamic irsyad; dawah guidance activities, coaching with takwin; have the ability to communicate, have the ability to do social guidance, have the ability to provide skills guidance. The social reality of the implementation of persuasive dawah whose output orientation is from fostering former commercial sex workers is certainly expected to return to the reality of life in accordance with the social order. So the initial step of coaching must be in accordance with the mechanism of the coaching stages such as acceptance, assessment, intervention, and termination, so that the client is first identified to find out the clients family background, the potential of each client, age, education level, religion, marital status, and social status. The economy

Services and performance in order to improve the quality of ship certificate renewal activities in an effort to support the process of ship operational activities at the Tanjung Perak Surabaya Main Port Office requires an assessment of the completeness of shipworthiness by the Marine Inspector (MI) as the assessment team and ship verification as a means of assisting the issuance of ship certificate extensions. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze Policy Implementation as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors in the Extension of Ship Certificates, as an Effort to Support the Process of Ship Operations at the Tanjung Perak Main Harbor Office Surabaya. This qualitative research analyzes the Policy for the Extension of Ship Certificates, in an Effort to Support the Process of Ship Operations by using the Van Mater and Van Horn policy implementation theory. Collecting data in this study using interviews, documentation and observation. The results of the study show that the extension of the Vessel Certificate is very much needed by service company agents in various parts of Indonesia, but in its operation there are still many obstacles that must be watched out for, namely the data from the investigation by the Marine Inspector (MI) on the ship owner, the captain who still has many weaknesses in supervision is due to inadequate human resources and lack of understanding from users, making it difficult for implementing officers, so that it refers to the Van Metter and Van Horn theory, that the implementation of the policy of extending ship certificates in an effort to support the process of ship operational activities at the Tanjung Perak Surabaya Main Port Office has not been optimal .

There is evidence that Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) drive a close to 9 billion dollar economy in Zimbabwe. Despite this, businesses remain stunted and unregistered, contributing between nothing and less to the national fiscus. While the broad assumption that SMEs generally have positive effects on country economic growth has been established, the notion of economic imperatives for SMEs remains largely untested. Again, sector benefits accrue to a small portion of the population, with allegations of nepotism and partisanship in allocation of funds. The national infrastructure for SMEs remains robust at paper and policy levels, without political willingness for operationalisation. Situation is worse for women entrepreneurs. What can be done to ensure effective operation of SMEs sector? This paper examines development of SMEs in Zimbabwe over five historical cycles from the pre-independence era to date. Analysis addresses the following questions: What kind of SMEs infrastructure has Government of Zimbabwe put in place and how effective has it been in addressing SMEs challenges? What are the main challenges the sector faces? How are womens specific gender needs addressed in SMEs policy formulation and practice? How can Zimbabwean SMEs be sources of innovation to provide best practice globally? Analysis thrives on a desk review of available data on SMEs in Zimbabwe and globally. The paper concludes that Government of Zimbabwe needs to strengthen its political willingness by bridging the gap between policy and practice in order to effectively support SMEs growth in the country.

This study aims to analyze local wisdom-based shariah tourism in Indonesia on the level of income, motivation, demand and willingness to pay. The location of this research is in the City and Regency of Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia. This research is qualitative and quantitative. We are collecting data through surveys and determining the survey sample using the purposive convenience sampling method. The sample is at least 100 people randomly. The study results show that the high demand for religious tourism in all respondents of religious groups can manifest a vital dimension of spirituality in every human, regardless of the spiritual teachings carried out in his life. Income levels have a weak or insignificant correlation to the potential demand for religious tourism, which can be exciting and prospective if viewed from a marketing perspective. There is no significant relationship between motivation and income with the respondents demand for responsible religious tourism activities. No correlation in the level of income with demand for religious tourism can indicate that this type of tourism activity has the potential to be marketed to consumers at all income levels, from low-income to high-income earners. The value of willingness to pay significantly correlates to religious tourism demand.

Nursing services, as one of the primary services in hospitals, are inseparable. Patient satisfaction is one indicator of measuring the success of a hospitals services. This study aimed to determine the relationship between nursing services and patient satisfaction. This article uses a literature review study through a quantitative approach with content analysis to identify the articles main theme. The data of this research are from national and international based reputable journals. Data collection through Google Scholar for the period of 2018-2021, with the theme of nursing services and patient satisfaction. A review of 20 articles shows that nursing services are essential to hospital service and must continue to be improved. The effect of nursing services is fair to all hospital patients, not distinguishing between insurance and non-insured patients. One of the factors that support the sustainability of the hospital is nursing services. The level of patient satisfaction affects the hospitals image in the community.

This article aims to outline the integration of the education system in Haji Harun School Muang, Yala-Thailand. This research is a type of field research that is qualitative-descriptive with a case study approach. Data collection techniques use interviews, observation, and documentation. Based on the research, Haji Harun School has a different curriculum between the religious education curriculum and the academic education curriculum. The student did the studying process five days per week, namely Sunday to Thursday with effective learning time from 08.00-11.40 local time (religious education) and 12.00-16.00 local time (academic education). There are several implications that occur from the implementation of integrated education system in Southern Thailand on Islamic education, among others; reduction of time for religious education, low attention of religious education (Islam) from the government, acceleration of religious education programs, the publics view of religious education is normal, academic education is more popular than religious education. However, this is not an obstacle for the Haji Harun School to implement the two education systems. So, the school can be developed and become one of the leading schools in Patani, Thailand.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors that contribute to the quality of the communication process between tutors-counsellors and students in the departments of an Open University where group advisory meetings are organised through video conferencing. Communication in open distance education is multidimensional and since the most important form of communication is the interpersonal relationships, it is interesting to explore how the quality of communication is ensured when face-to-face meetings are replaced by teleconferencing in view of the current pandemic crisis. The research process that was followed is identified as descriptive-diagnostic, adopting a mixed research approach, through the collection, analysis and synthesis of quantitative and qualitative methods. Findings showed that adult students consider that the quality in communication requires the tutor to encourage participation, involvement in the process of learning and developing critical thinking. However, the respondents believe that through video conference there is not a high frequency of interaction. Therefore, it is important to investigate the effectiveness of other factors in the learning process in addition to the technological ones.

In this paper, I examine the main characteristics of contemporary environmental movements, but also the way they operate and form coalitions with other progressive movements, combining various theoretical perspectives such as resource mobilization, political process, intersectional, social contruction theory and post-structuralism. I will investigate what are the characteristics of the progressive-left ideology that provide the basis for building coalitions, as well as how much influence complementary ideologies actually have on achieving cooperation. For this purpose, I will discuss the expansion and redefinition of the term social movement, in order to be able to capture all forms of coalitional interaction, then I will examine the factors that lead to movements deciding to cooperate using the example of the Italian Water Movement.

For some Japanese students, pronunciation is one of the most difficult challenges they encounter when learning a second language and yet, its importance cannot be understated. This is supported by Harmer who suggests that the most important thing about speaking English is that we should be intelligible and we should be understood by other speakers of English, whoever they are (Harmer, 2015). This paper analysed the pronunciation needs of two Japanese students (student A; an adult male and student B; an adult female) over a period of several weeks. The researcher conducted face-to-face interviews based on casual conversation topics. Each interview was recorded and then analysed, strengths and weaknesses were defined and as a result, lesson plans targeting problem areas were designed. The research concludes that an all-encompassing viewpoint of pronunciation teaching, one that draws on various approaches, was needed in order for students to achieve their language goals.

The research Private equity investing has risen to prominence in the modern business world. The purpose of the study is to determine whether private equity influences the financial performance of a company. This study uses a quantitative approach to attain its primary purpose. In order to determine the effect of private equity on the financial performance of a company, this study uses data from the Thomson Reuters database for the years 2012 to 2020 . There are 54 companies in the database that are supported by private equity. The study is limited since Thomson Reuters lacks financial data for the remaining companies. For the purpose of determining the effects of private equity on firm financial performance, the panel regression of the pooled OLS and random model is employed. return on investment of private equity funds as the dependent variable. The study covered independent factors such as private equity fund size, stakes, number of transactions, and capital invested. In the investment industry, these characteristics are essential for explaining private equity. According to the findings of our study, several the explanatory variables have a statistically significant impact on the firms financial performance. This shows that the private equity fund has a positive effect on the firms financial success, while the other independent factors have no effect on the return on private equity.

This study is an experimental that aims to determine the effectiveness of the use of copy the master learning techniques in learning to write explanation texts in class XI-IPS SMA Negeri 14 Maluku Tengah. The research data were in the form of the results of the explanation text writing test which were taken from the results of the pre-test and post-test of the control class and the experimental class. The research subjects were students of class XI-IPS SMA Negeri 14 Makuku Tengah, totaling 42 people. The final score of each student is obtained from the number of correct answers divided by the number of questions then multiplied by the ideal score (100). The final value is then converted according to the specified criteria. The results showed that the use of the copy the master technique was very effective in learning to write explanation texts. This can be seen in the average pre-test and post-test scores of the experimental class, which is 53.33 (pre-test average) to 73.57 (post-test average).

The objective of this research was to describe and analyze Kalosara role in resolving inter-ethnic conflicts in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. This research uses conflict and Structural-Functional theory. The method used in this research is ethnographic. In collecting data, researchers used in-depth interviews and observation techniques. The results of this research showed that forms of inter-ethnic conflict in Kendari City consist of several forms of conflict, namely: 1) household conflict, 2) humiliation conflict and 3) persecution conflict. The three forms of conflict can be resolved by using the Kalosara custom. Each form of conflict has a different settlement process and customary law depending on the type of conflict. If the conflict is categorized as severe, for example, a household conflict (adultery occurs), then the process of resolving it is by conducting a traditional Mosehe ceremony and being subject to a customary fine, in the form of 1 piece of cloth, 1 piece of taawu, 1 kettle of kabubusi water, one tail (cow) as a substitute for kiniku. sara or tondoworoko. Every object that is prepared has a meaning, value, and function in the mombesara ceremony and the mosehe ceremony. Not all types of conflict are resolved with the Mosehe ceremony and are fined with one cow, but judging from the type of conflict, if the type of conflict is categorized as mild then the perpetrator is fined enough to pay one piece of cloth, pay one buffalo calf or IDR 250.000,- and pay for one pot of pobubusino water. If the type of conflict is categorized as moderate, the perpetrator is fined by paying one piece of cloth, paying one buffalo, or IDR 250.000, and pay all the costs of the victims treatment.

This study aims to describe, analyze, and interpret the Implementation of the Basic Food Assistance Program in Yugumia Village, Lanny-Jaya Regency. This type of research is qualitative. The reason for using this research is due to the suitability of the existing problems where to understand the Implementation of the Basic Food Assistance Program in Yugumia Village, LannyJaya Regency, it is necessary to explain naturally (naturalistic) and as a whole (holistic) to obtain data from problems in depth (Verstehen). Research method: the researcher uses descriptive qualitative research, data collection techniques: interviews, observations, documentation. In-depth interviews were conducted with logical questions based on guidelines, with strong intimacy, and the researcher appreciated the value of interviews as a data collection tool. Data analysis techniques: qualitative data analysis with data reduction, presentation, and data verification. The results of the study indicate that: The implementation of the Basic Food Assistance Program has not been implemented effectively because of the 9 characteristics of good governance, all of them have not run effectively, including program transparency and accountability. Implementation success is influenced by Communication, Bureaucratic Structure, Attitude of Implementers, and Resources. In this research, the resources and attitude of the implementers are the most dominant factors in program implementation.

The sale and purchase agreement is one source of the birth of an agreement between the parties that binds it as appropriate binding force according to law (Article 1338 paragraph 1 of the Civil Code). Therefore, all rights and obligations arising from the agreement must be fulfilled by both the seller and the buyer. In line with technological advances, causing more and more types of four-wheeled vehicles to be offered on the market to meet the needs of the community. This will provide wider opportunities for the public to make car buying and selling transactions that are in accordance with their wishes and needs. In a sale and purchase agreement, it is possible that the buyer is unable to fulfill his obligations in accordance with the contents of the agreement that has been agreed with the seller, so that the buyer can be categorized as Default. Basically an agreement will run well if the parties who make the agreement are based on good faith, but if one of the parties does not have good intentions or does not carry out their obligations, a Default will arise.

With the support of a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity model, this research experimentally examines the effect of COVID-19 on the volatility of stock prices in 3 different stock indexes. The analysis used daily closing prices from May 31, 2012, through May 31, 2022, for stock indices tracked by Euronext and SSE. Additionally, the study aimed to compare the market price return between the pre-pandemic and after situations. According to the findings, the stock markets in China, Europe, and the S&P 500 all experienced volatility during the pandemic period. We discovered that the return on the indices was higher in the pre-COVID-19 period than it was in the pandemic period when comparing the results of the disease period with those of the pre-COVID period.

Being literate in a given language is a vital issue, it is an essential condition to allow a speaker to achieve greater autonomy in his socio-professional field of reference. In Côte dIvoire, upgrading the national education system and expanding it in terms of training opportunities is a central part of the governments strategy ; the aim being to strengthen national unity and support economic growth. And, considered as tools of potential contribution to education and training, Information and Communication Technologies for Education (ICTE) could help anyone wishing to acquire skills and competences to improve professional, economic and social well-being. Hence the idea of using them in an innovative literacy approach called « digital literacy » with « Alphatic ». The experimental framework chosen falls within the municipalities of Port-Bouët and Yopougon (District Autonome dAbidjan).

Physical fitness is the goal of physical education in elementary schools which is charged by physical education teachers. The task of physical education teachers in educating students is mostly in the field so that they can motivate students to move. This study aims to determine the level of physical fitness of students aged 10-12 years in one of the coastal areas of Tomini Bay, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia, namely in Kabila Bone District, Bone Bolango Regency. This research is a non-experimental quantitative descriptive study with a survey method. The population in this study were all students aged 10-12 years who were in 11 public elementary schools, Kabila Bone District, Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, amounting to 236 students. The sample in this study used purposive sampling technique, so the number of samples obtained was 67 students from 5 schools. The research instrument uses the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) standard instrument with a validity level of 0.92 and a reliability of 0.89, which in its implementation includes several test items, namely: 1) sprint to measure students running speed; 2) pull ups to measure the strength and endurance of the arm and shoulder muscles; 3) sit ups to measure the strength and endurance of the abdominal muscles; 4) vertical jump to measure explosive power or explosive power of leg muscles; and 5) Running a moderate distance to measure students cardiovascular. The results of this quantitative descriptive study are profiles of the physical fitness level of students aged 10-12 years in the coastal area of Tomini Bay, Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. The result, there is 1 student in the poor category, 44 students in the medium category, 22 students in the good category. The findings in this study are expected to be a future consideration for physical education teachers, especially the Tomini Bay area to be able to improve the quality of physical education in accordance with its objectives, namely physical fitness.

This studys objective is to provide a situational analysis and a map of the status of strategic problems/issues pertaining to a variety of topics, such as policies to increase youth education capacity, including equalizing youth participation in urban and rural areas, increasing youth participation in education, increasing equal access for marginalized groups, and preparing an integrated information system for IPP improvement. The research methodology consists of descriptive analysis and the SAST technique. In order for Indonesia to catch up to other nations in terms of competitiveness, the results indicate that boosting the quality of youth through raising their educational ability is an absolute necessity. In order to anticipate the four policy issues, a policy plan must be implemented.

This studys objective is to provide a situational analysis and a map of the status of strategic problems/issues pertaining to a variety of topics, such as policies to increase youth education capacity, including equalizing youth participation in urban and rural areas, increasing youth participation in education, increasing equal access for marginalized groups, and preparing an integrated information system for IPP improvement. The research methodology consists of descriptive analysis and the SAST technique. In order for Indonesia to catch up to other nations in terms of competitiveness, the results indicate that boosting the quality of youth through raising their educational ability is an absolute necessity. In order to anticipate the four policy issues, a policy plan must be implemented.