Recognition of customary communal land is a problem that requires an appropriate pattern of handling including customary land in Makassar. This study aims to analyze the dispute resolution approach that guarantees legal certainty and examine the factors that influence the construction of customary community land dispute resolution in Makassar. This research uses normative legal research and empirical legal research. The analytical method used in this study is descriptive analysis obtained from qualitative and quantitative data. The results of the study show that the essence of customary law land dispute resolution can be resolved through positive law mechanisms and customary law mechanisms. As for the settlement of disputes on the object of the dispute through mediation, synchronizationharmonization of laws and the making of regional regulations. Nevertheless, the settlement efforts experienced various obstacles, including internal and external factors.

Notaries as public officials appointed by the authorities have the right and authority to make authentic deeds and get paid as a form of professionalism. Notaries are also obliged to provide legal assistance free of charge to people who cant afford it, but sometimes there are notaries who dont apply this. So that the purpose of this study is how to regulate the law on the provision of legal services free of charge by notaries to people who cant afford it and how to reconstruct regulations in the provision of legal services free of charge by notaries to people who cant afford it. The method used in this study uses normative research methods. So, the results of this study are first, the provision of legal services free of charge is mandatory, thus requiring a notary to provide legal services in the notary field free of charge to people who cant afford it. Second, Article 37 Notary Office Law has contradicted the values of justice that have been applied in the context of the 1945 Constitution Article 28D paragraph 2 which states that everyone has the right to get a job and get paid. So, it is necessary that the regulation on the provision of notary services for free can be regulated in implementing regulations and the regulation on the provision of free legal services is revised and reviewed, so that notaries have assistance from the government in the form of a budget to carry out the provision of legal services free of charge

This study aims to determine the role of working capital in increasing profitability and the role of the number of members in increasing profitability in the Tokosa Sahabat Sejati consumer cooperative (KK Tokosa SS). The type of research used in this research is descriptive quantitative research which in this study will describe the extent to which working capital and the number of members can play a role in increasing the profitability of KK Tokosa S.S. in Gunungsitoli City. The working capital owned by KK Tokosa S.S for the periods of 2019, 2020, 2021 has increased and decreased working capital. . It can be said that the management of working capital has not been efficient Likewise, the number of members has been unstable for 3 consecutive years because there have been members who have entered and also those who have left. The level of profitability obtained by cooperatives by calculating the ROA formula fluctuates or is unstable every year. In 2019 it was 21.06%, in 2020 it was 17.11% and in 2021 it was 16.32. On the other hand, using ROE also still has a profit, the level of the amount of increase is still unstable, in 2019 it was obtained 5%, in 2020 it was 2.03% and in 2021 it was 2.80%. Whereas in calculations using the ROI formula, it also experienced fluctuations due to the covid pandemic in 2020. Where in 2019 it was 5.82%, in 2020 it was 2.39% and in 2021 it was 2.70%.

This study describes and examine the condition of local history education in the Philippine curriculum and in teaching and learning process. This study uses a descriptive method which aims to describe how the curriculum developed consciousness on the learners through local history, the approaches used by teachers, and the interests of the learners in local history. The participants of this study are the chosen Grade 2 and 3 elementary teachers, Grade 7 and 8 high school teachers, and learners. Findings revealed that theres no specific or standard content of local history education in the curriculum. Instead, teachers teach local history through contextualization and integration with the usage of traditional and non-traditional learning materials. Learners are interested to learn the local history of their local area to develop holistically and discover more about the place. Challenges such as lack of resources and ineffective learning approached and methods were identified in the teaching and learning process of local history education. With this study, the researchers were able to describe and identify the current condition of local history education.

Subanens occupy a vast territorial domain, constituting seven major sub-groups in specific localities in the Zamboanga Peninsula, Philippines. These Indigenous people perform rituals throughout the different stages of their lives. This study was conducted in Lakewood and San Miguel municipalities in Zamboanga del Sur, while in Katipunan and Mutia in Zamboanga del Norte. The research highlighted the indispensability of rituals among Subanens in the peninsula. Folk narratives were gathered orally and directly from the Subanen tribal leaders and elders as the informants of the study. Among the narratives gathered, six exemplify the conduct of rituals as a core non-material culture of Subanens. The analysis made on the narratives disclosed that rituals serve several functions aside from these Indigenous peoples’ act of reverence to God as the Supreme Being. Thus, amid the passing of time, they remain steadfast to the ritual practice as a mark of their cultural identity. More importantly, rituals are indispensable for them to perform as a means of precaution and to ensure sound well-being in their lifetime.

The system has a set of components that are in it. The legal system cannot be considered a system if it runs alone by setting aside moral values. Pancasila is the basis of the state, so every product of legislation must be based on the values contained in Pancasila. Following the opinion of Ronald Dworkin, who said that morality is fundamental to be used to evaluate legal products and, in some instances, morality cannot be separated. If the law is considered an applicable rule, then the truth to be realized must be directed to substantive (essential) truth. A positivistic view that is only limited to rules and logic, but in some instances, cannot only view positivism so that it can lead to progressive laws.

Infographics have become more common in education as a way to graphically convey complex information. They offer a visually appealing structure that facilitates comprehension and retention, particularly for language acquisition. This study examines the impact of infographics in grammar courses on grammar retention as well as the attitudes of first-year non-English majors toward using infographics in grammar lessons. Freshmen at Mekong Delta University taking General English classes at the beginning of their first semester made up the participants. The goal of the study is to determine whether infographics assist students in remembering grammar and what they think of it. It emphasizes remembering five English tenses. As part of a quantitative research methodology using a quasi-experimental design, participants were split into two groups: an experimental group (EG) that received instruction via infographics and a CG that received traditional schooling. The study used a pre-test, post-test, delayed post-test, and a questionnaire to assess attitudes and retention. The findings suggest that including infographics into English language training can enhance students perspectives on the subject and their memory of grammar. Teachers should consider the attitudes of their students while developing foreign language teaching materials and techniques.

Financial performance of Agricultural Cooperatives in Uganda has constrained their ability to attract financiers and thus cant extend timely and optimal credit facilities to Small Scale Farmers in Uganda despite their huge contribution to the country GDP. This situation is attributed to constrained decision making mechanisms in Agricultural Cooperatives s credit facilitation process. This article addresses how the University collaborated with the Government and the Agricultural Cooperatives to develop a credit facilitation tool to mitigate credit facilitation decision challenges. With a collaborative perspective, the study worked with 116 agricultural cooperatives decision makers in 6 agricultural cooperatives in Kamwenge and Sheema districts in Uganda. The study confirmed that for the financial years 2018 to 2020, Agricultural Cooperatives were not able to return on assets and on equity. Equally confirmed was that the Agricultural Cooperatives credit facilitation decision processes, undermined the involvement of technical officers, lacked structured means of recording credit data which delayed decisions on setting optimal lending rate, lending duration and lending limit. Confirmed too was limited credit tracking which was a hindrance to timely reporting. As a result, these confirmed credit facilitation decision challenges were utilized to develop a collaborative credit facilitation decision tool. Its design is presented using user case scenarios showing how the challenges were solved and an output of these scenarios was a six suited model called the Decision Enhancement Credit Facilitation Approach (DECFA). This tool once implemented by Agricultural Cooperatives will enhance the credit process thus quickening decision making in sourcing and availing credit to Small Scale Farmers. All this new knowledge created was done in the confines of a collaboration between the University, Government and the Agricultural Cooperatives

By investigating the jeepney as a microcosm of Philippine society through the viewpoint of commuters, we gained a deeper understanding of the social and cultural fabric that influences Filipino life. In this qualitative research, purposive sampling was used to choose the three (3) jeepney commuters as participants. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data, which was then thematically analyzed. The research showed that the jeepney serves as a venue for cultural expression and social interactions, offering important insights into the struggles and experiences that Filipino commuters face every day. A deeper understanding of the jeepneys significance within the larger context of Philippine society is made possible by acknowledging it as more than just a mode of transportation.

The problems in this study are the lack of understanding of students, low interest in Mathematics, and teacher centered learning. The purpose of carrying out this research is to describe the activities of educators and students and to increase learning outcomes. Using Classroom Action Research, with a qualitative approach, results from observation sheets and learning achievement tests. These results indicate that the teachers activities at each meeting have increased to become "Very Good". The activity of students also increased at meeting 1 to get "Quite Active" and increased at meeting 4 to become the criteria of "Very Active". The classical completeness of student learning outcomes at meeting 1 obtained 44% and increased at meeting 4 obtained 94%. Based on the results of these studies it can be concluded that there is an increase in activity and learning outcomes with the use of the COGAN model.

The Papuan Armed Criminal Group has been officially designated as a terrorist organization on April 29, 2021 by referring to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 5 of 2018 concerning Amendments to Law Number 15 of 2003 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2002 Concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Terrorism Becomes Law by the Indonesian government. This is thought to have caused the conflicts and tensions that have been occurring in Papua to continue to escalate until early 2023, to be precise, after the determination was made. The designation as a Terrorism organization certainly has an effect related to its status according to the provisions of International Criminal Law. In international criminal law, the status of the Papuan armed criminal group after being designated as terrorists has the same consequences when this group is referred to as KKB (Armed Criminal Group). His actions do not include international crimes that fall under the criminal jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC) as regulated in the 1998 Rome Statute, however, terrorism crimes can be tried by the ICC if a terrorism case meets the requirements of an international crime. This research method uses a normative juridical method where the research is carried out by examining literature and secondary data, doctrines and principles in the science of law. The approach used in this research is a literature study which includes Primary Legal Materials, Secondary Legal Materials, and Tertiary Legal Materials. To support secondary material, data was obtained from documents or research journals regarding the Papuan KKB case.

Ownership is conceptualized as a human right that gives the authority to order something that is owned. As a legal state, Indonesia regulates intellectual property rights, including copyright. In this study, normative legal research is used, which is descriptive-analytical. Copyright is an exclusive right or right owned by the creator of certain information and ideas to reproduce and regulate his work. The concept of ownership in copyright gives creators economic and moral rights automatically protected by the state through copyright law. In contrast, the principle of customary law is the concept of communal ownership. Customary law is more concerned with the interests of society than individual interests. In the cosmology of Indonesian society, most do not recognize individual ownership, but the concept of ownership in the culture of society only recognizes communal property rights or shared property, so the concept of IPR is not known in the culture of Indonesian society.

The more advanced times and technology oblige all elements in society to also participate in these developments, including in the context of the legal field, especially in the field of Notary Public, namely the electronic storage of Notary Protocols. However, there is still no regulation that clearly, unequivocally, and concretely regulates the electronic storage of Notary Protocols in positive law regarding notary affairs in Indonesia, resulting in a legal vacuum (vacuum norm). So, the purpose of this legal scientific research article is to analyze whether the urgency of storing Notary Protocols electronically in the perspective of e-notary and how the legal certainty of storing Notary Protocols electronically in Notary Law. The legal scientific research article method used is a general method, namely the normative legal scientific research article method. So that the results of this legal scientific research articles are first, there is no certainty about how to maintain and store the Notary Protocol to be prone to damage, loss and destruction when stored conventionally, even though in terms of urgency, electronic storage of Notary Protocols is very important to make it easier for Notaries, both in terms of economics and law. Second, the implementation of ENotary cannot be implemented because there is no legal certainty in the form of laws and regulations that specifically regulate services by Notaries in electronic form. So that there is a need for more specific rules that strictly regulate the mechanisms and responsibilities of Notaries in carrying out their duties and authorities in storing Notary Protocols and it is hoped that the government can create a legal umbrella regarding matters related to technology in the notary world in Indonesia.

Land title certificates are a form of legal certainty provided by the state to its people in relation to land ownership, but legal issues are still common regarding these land title certificates, such as overlapping with other land title certificates and frequent overlaps. with a usufructuary certificate. So that the purpose of this research is to analyze how the position of certificates of ownership rights overlaps with certificates of cultivation rights and how is the legal protection for the ownership of certificates of ownership rights which overlaps with certificates of cultivation rights. The method used in this research is a normative research method. The results of this analysis are that first, the position of ownership certificates with overlapping usufructuary rights means that there is no power and does not provide legal certainty, because the purpose of someone carrying out land registration is to obtain a certificate as a perfect means of proof. Second, the government provides preventive legal protection where before issuing a State Administrative Decree, in this case, the National Land Agency will issue various kinds of announcements intended to give the public the widest possible freedom of information. So that the National Land Agency must be more careful and more selective in carrying out land registration for land rights that will carry out registration and for the community so that they can optimize the use of land owned so that it is not used by other irresponsible parties.

This study aims to examine the effect of the Flipped Classroom Model on students Al-Quran reading ability in Islamic Religious Education in elementary schools. The Flipped Classroom model is a learning method that allows students to study independently at home through learning videos before coming to class to discuss and deepen their understanding with direct support from the teacher. This study used a quasi-experimental research design with a population of students in classes 6A and 6B totaling 36 students at "Excellent Childrens Elementary School". Data collection was carried out through an Al-Quran reading test, and the results of statistical analysis using the t-test The results showed that students in the experimental group who used Flipped Classroom had significantly higher Al-Quran reading abilities compared to the control group who used conventional learning. This research contributes to the understanding of the effectiveness of the flipped classroom model in learning the Quran in elementary schools. The suggested future research involves exploring the effect of the Flipped Classroom on a larger and more diverse sample of students from various elementary schools to enhance generalizability. Additionally, besides focusing on Al-Quran reading ability, the research can investigate the effects of the Flipped Classroom on students cognitive (comprehension of Al-Quran content) and affective (emotions and motivation in learning) aspects.

This research is motivated by the phenomenon of education is not only intended for regular children but also for those who have special needs to get decent educational opportunities and services. Based on preliminary studies conducted at PAUD Terpadu Inklusi Bina Sejahtera and PAUD Terpadu Inklusi Pelita Hati, information was obtained that both PAUD have inclusive education programs. The researcher described how the implementation of the inclusion education program in PAUD. This research is a multi site qualitative research. In this study, the informants were the principal and two teachers at the school. The results of this study show that lesson plan must carry out identification and assessment so that teachers know the abilities and obstacles that children have. RPP and PPI will be given by teachers. In the implementation of learning, children with special needs will be accompanied by GPK. ABK uses learning media to support learning. All programs that will be given to the child, are known to parents. The evaluation process in ABK, must be adjusted to the childs ability.

Work has always been an essential part of our life. We need work to prosper and lead our life to achieve goals. The aim of the present study is to investigate the Work-related Quality of Life of teachers working in Government schools and Private schools. To fulfill the aim of the study, 30 Government School teachers and 30 Private School teachers from educations organization were selected from Surat, Gujarat, India. They were asked to solve a test assessing Work-Related Quality of Life, developed by Easton et al. in 2012. This test contains six domains. As a result, it was found that out of all Government school teachers, 29% of teachers fall in the low range, 34% of teachers fall in the average range and 37% of teachers fall in the high range, whereas, out of total Private school teachers, 0 % of private school teacher’s fall in low range, 6% of teachers fall in the average range and 94% teachers fall in the high range of work-related quality of life. The overall result indicates that private school teachers are more satisfied with their work-related quality of life as compared to government school teachers.

This over fifty years, Afghans have sought refuge in various countries due to the lack of security in their homeland. The recent Taliban takeover in August 2021 led to a significant influx of asylum seekers. Afghanistans persistent instability and conflicts have transformed it into a major source of asylum seekers worldwide. This essay delves into Irans policies towards Afghan refugees, with a specific focus on the shifts that have occurred since 1989. The analysis employs the framework of public choice theory, highlighting policymakers prioritization of interest maximization. The essays first section studies geostrategic importance of Afghanistan and its impact on neighbThe proximity of Afghanistan to Iran makes regional stability a crucial national interest for Iran. Moreover, Iran has had to recalibrate its asylum seeker policies to address potential challenges posed by the influx of Afghan refugees.The second section, examines the evolution of Iranian policies towards Afghan asylum seekers over the past few decades. It analyzes the distinct approaches taken by five Iranian presidents: Hashemi Rafsanjani, Mohammad Khatami, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Hassan Rouhani, and Ebrahim Raisi. The analysis takes into consideration economic, political, social, and cultural factors that influenced these policy shifts.In conclusion, this essay evaluates the shifts in Iranian policies towards Afghan asylum seekers and their ramifications for both Iran and the Afghan refugees. Public choice theorys lens illuminates the motivations behind policy changes, highlighting the delicate balance between national interests and humanitarian considerations.

This case study examines the elements found in populist governance and the impact these have on controlling and use of divisive and non-participatory approaches in policymaking process. The research measures the degree to which efforts were made by the government or ruling regime to consider minority or opposition interests and actively engage a representative proportion of the population in the policymaking aspect of the democratic process. In this regard, the case of the Republic of Armenia (RA) is used to analyze the current regime’s governance and policymaking approaches and to identify major deviations, if any, from democratic principles and standards. Through the analysis of speeches and data collected from interviews, the case study identifies and explains the populist characteristics of the policymaking process practiced by the current regime, from agenda setting to implementation and evaluation.

Domestic challenges have continuously gone alongside the international interventions in Iran. Out of the domestic security challenges of the country, organized crime and physical security instability and proposing possible propositions to address these challenges have been of vital significance. The diverse population, geographic placement, varied believes, potential marginalization, governance centralism, isolated borders and lack of cross-border control are considered significant factors of the subject. This organized crime has a direct and indirect influence on the national security of the country. This research studies the political facts and factors that can deter the influence of organized crime on the national security of the country and propose feasible and attainable recommendations to deter this influence.

This study aims to analyze employees physical and mental workload in the legal and business development division and look for factors that affect the workload of the two divisions. The research methods used are cardiovascular load, NASA-TLX, and the Fishbone diagram. The results showed that one employee from the legal division experienced physical exhaustion. In the mental workload study, two people experienced a high mental workload, while five experienced a very high one. The fishbone diagram analysis reveals several factors, such as unresponsive counterparts and conflicts of interest, and in the legal division, such as work patterns that are constantly changing and fast and coordinating company and divisional compliance. The conclusion is that companies should periodically measure mental workload.

This study aims to describe and analyze the meaning of kamoose tradition in the people of Boneoge village, Lakudo Sub-district, Buton Tengah Regency because kamomoose tradition is a unique tradition carried out by the community as a form of cultural heritage which has meaning from every component in it. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection is done by observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained was then /analyzed using the following steps: 1) data reduction, 2) data presentation, and 3) verification. The results of this study showed that kamomoose tradition is a cultural practice that has many symbols and meanings in it. In every element and procession of this tradition, some symbols form a complex fabric of meaning that is internalized and interpreted by the people who carry it out. The meaning of kamomoose tradition is important because it reflects beliefs, hopes, and values passed down from generation to generation.

This study aims to describe the process of implementing of ngupati tradition in the Javanese community in Wawoosu Village, Kolono Sub-district, Konawe Selatan Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with an empirical phenomenon approach in the field. Data collection was carried out using observation, interview and documentation techniques. In determining informants, the researchers used the snowball technique or collected information from one informant to another. The data obtained WERE then analyzed with the following steps: 1) data reduction, 2) data presentation and, 3) conclusion. The results of the study showed that ngupati tradition in the Javanese community at Wawoosu Village, Kolono Sub-district, Konawe Selatan Regency is as follows. First, calling relatives to help with the process of cooking the ingredients to be used in the tradition, Second, inviting family, relatives, and neighbors to carry out reciting a prayer for ngupati tradition, Third, this ngupati tradition is carried out and led by the village priest or which is entrusted by the family carrying out the tradition, Fourth, reciting the prayer, which begins with tahlil to send prayers to the family who has died. Fifth, the reading of surah ngupati at Wawoosu village is only Surah Yusuf, Surah Maryam, and Surah Yasin, Sixth, after finishing reciting the prayer, there is a joint eating activity as a form of togetherness. The seven participants in the tradition who will go home when the tradition is over will be given a blessing (a food parcel given as alms to the family at home) which contains side dishes of rice and ketupat. There are two kinds of ketupat used at Wawoosu village, namely ketupat kepel and ketupat sinta.

This studys goal is to examine the connection between foreign direct investment (FDI) and Corruption Perception Index (CPI) in ASEAN-5 including the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam, during the period 2001-2019. Furthermore, we examine the link between FDI and macroeconomics variables, such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Interest Rates. Panel data with a fixed effect model (FEM) are used in this investigation to examine the relationship between variables. The findings of this investigation suggest that the corruption perception index and gross domestic product have an impact on foreign direct investment that is both positive and significant. Meanwhile, foreign direct investment is significantly and negatively impacted by interest rates.

Differences in the handling of child offenders have specifically been regulated in Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System which not only regulates children as perpetrators but also children as victims and children as witnesses, or can be called children in conflict with the law, and in Article 1 number 1 it is stated that the Juvenile Criminal Justice System is the entire process of completing cases for children in conflict with the law from the investigation stage to the guidance stage after the child has served the sentence. 2 Then, the Law basically regulates the implementation of the criminal justice system for children which prioritizes the special rights of a child to stay away and avoid the judicial process so that there is no bad stigmatization of children, especially children as perpetrators of a criminal act so that the child can return to socialize as usual reasonably in the environment where he lives.

The rapid development of the Internet has a big impact on all aspects, including the business world. Internet usage has changed peoples consumption behaviour from conventional shopping become to online shopping, especially through marketplaces. A marketplace is a place for selling also marketing products and services using Internet, one of which marketplaces in Indonesia is Shopee. Research objectives to explain the impact of digital marketing on repurchase intentions mediated by trust in the marketplace Shopee. The research was conducted in Denpasar City with a total sample of 100 respondents with using purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique used was path analysis, Sobel test, and VAF test. Calculations were performed using IBM SPSS Version 22 software. The results on the research turn to digital marketing and trust has a positive and significant impact on repurchase intention, digital marketing has a positive and also significant impact on trust, and trust is positively and significantly as a mediate variable impactef the digital marketing. This research is expected to provide empirical studies in management science, especially marketing, and can be a consideration for Shopee companies and sellers indesigning and developing product marketing strategies related to digital marketing, trust, and repurchase intentions.

Zimbabwes economy has faced significant challenges over the years, resulting in a decline in various sectors and a collapse in the countrys currency. This article provides an overview of the historical context of Zimbabwes economy,highlighting the economic trajectory during the period of Southern Rhodesia and the subsequent challenges faced during President Robert Mugabes tenure. It examines the causes of the economic collapse, including land reforms, economic mismanagement, hyperinflation, and the impact of external factors such as sanctions. The consequences of the economic crisis are explored, including high unemployment, food insecurity, water and power shortages, and a strained healthcare system. The political causes, including Mugabes rule and his decision to support military interventions, are also discussed. The article delves into the implementation of dollarisation as a solution and its benefits and challenges for Zimbabwes economy. It concludes by discussing recent developments, including thereintroduction of a new currency and the persisting high inflation rates, highlighting the ongoing economic challenges faced by the nation.

The research was applying qualitative method and instruments to collect data such as reading text which consisted of some words, phrases and sentences. Collecting data carried out by recording twenty students English reading. The students were at the eleventh grade of SMA Negeri 1 Ayamaru, Maybrat Regency, Southwest Papua Province. The student records were used for analyzing English speech sound in both aspects segmental and suprasegmental of the students’ pronunciation. The result of students record exposed the difference between the students English speech sound and the recognizable English speech sound in English standard variety. It was found that the differences were revealed in vowel sounds and was sounded by the students in English single syllable words. The suprasegmental features were different represented by the student speech sound either in words stress, phonemic stressed, length, loudness and intonation or the pitch / tone and sounds inserted and gliding into single syllable segment.

The purpose of this study was to examine and analyze the influence of Incramental Capital Output Ratio (ICOR),Labor Force Participation Rate (TPAK), and Human Development Index (IPM) on Economic Growth at 33 provinces in Indonesia during the 2011-2022 period. The research used Panel Data regression, after carrying out the Chow test and Hausman test and Langrange Multiplier test, the estimation used was the Random Effect Model (REM). The results of testing the model with ÿ=5 percent show that ICOR and the Human Development Index have a significant positive effect on Economic Growth in Indonesia, while the Labor Force Participation Rate has no effect on Economic Growth in Indonesia. Therefore, the Indonesian government should be able to make policies that are able to encourage increased investment that needs to be realized and developed so that the capital stock can be optimally utilized to accelerate economic growth. The government should also encourage formal education to increase technical capabilities for more skilled workers so that they can adapt to the required competency needs. Then the Indonesian governmentcan also make policies that are able to encourage the welfare and quality of society to encourage economic growth such as equal distribution of education and health services for all people, in addition to increasing social insurance for all people.

This research aimed to describe various strategies used by schools in implementing character ed ucation using Gurindam 12 values and becoming a culture at SMA N 1 Tanjungpinang. This qualitative descriptive research was conducted at SMA N 1 Tanjungpinang with the subjects being teachers and students. Data collection through observation, interviews, documentation, and data triangulation techniques for data validation. The research results show that the process of implementing character education must be considered in the process of internalization and habituation in schools. There are several strategi es in the process of implementing Gurindam 12 values through character education such as routine activities, spontaneous activities, teaching, modeling, and strengthening the school environment. implementing this is certainly inseparable from the exemplary principals, teachers, students, and other school members who work together in the habituation process which will later create a positive and beneficial school culture.

This article answers the importance of Policies for Combating Violence Against Domestic Workers (PRT) that are firm and comprehensive in providing legal protection. This problem arises from the lack of clarity in the current regulations, namely regarding security for carrying out the teachings of a religion, especially the teachings of Islam. So far, Indonesia does not yet have a law that specifically regulates efforts to deal with criminal acts of violence against domestic workers. This article will discuss the urgency of the Policy for Combating the Crime of Theft Against Domestic Workers. The research method used research that is normative juridical, namely research with a focus on the study of the application of norms in positive law in Indonesia. Regulations regarding legal protection for domestic workers are still not clear or explicit. The rules used relating to the protection of domestic workers still use Article 2 paragraph 1 letter C and article 2 regulates domestic workers. Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence. This article is still felt to be less effective. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to immediately enact a separate law relating to the legal protection of domestic workers (PRT) so that they can guarantee security and protection when working as domestic workers.

Exposure to theory in writing skill does not necessarily tell how effective a teacher and their instructions are in generating students’ critical thinking. This study investigates the extent to which teachers take into consideration their instructions and work on them to guide and develop their students’ critical thinking abilities. Writing can be perceived and gradually mastered if instructors reduce uninteresting prompts and dry topics as well as facing students with more critical thinking variables. Class observation and interviewing teachers are the variables used along with analysing samples of students’ productions to approach this study qualitatively. The finding of this study revolves around students’ proficiency and how to ameliorate it along with the use of advanced thinking modes and how to generate it. Mechanics and awareness of the topic are some of the pillars that fosters involving students more effectively into the task of writing focusing by so on coming up with new ideas to the topic by activating their critical thinking and using their visions to the topic presented.

Green practices are becoming increasingly important around the world. The performance of MSMEs is a crucial issue due to increasing consumer awareness of environmentally friendly products. Therefore, companies that do not follow green practices may face a significant decline in performance. This study aimed to identify the Green Innovation and Sustainability variables on MSME Financial Performance. This study used a quantitative method with primary data collection. The samples used were 100 Culinary-based MSMEs in Karawang. The data in this study were processed using PLS (Partial Least Square) with SmartPLS 3.0 software. The research results show that the Green Innovation variable has a significant positive effect on financial performance. Furthermore, the Sustainability variable also has a significant positive effect on financial performance. The results of this research provide important implications for MSMEs to pay more attention to and increase green innovation to achieve better financial performance.

The location that became the object of research was tourism in Penglipuran Village, Bangli Regency. Based on the results of secondary data, data on the total participation rate of the female workforce, the female population in Bali aged 15 years and over who are included in the labor force, and the percentage of women involved as professionals in the province of Bali. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire and using regression analysis with Orange. Based on the results of the regression analysis conducted, it was found that there is a positive relationship between working hours and social capital. It was also found that there was a positive relationship between working hours and respondents income. Regression results with a negative relationship between working hours and husbands income, education, family income, number of children under 6 years old, age, and free time. Working hours can play a role in building social relationships, developing networks, and increasing interaction with other individuals or groups. This affects the accumulation of social capital owned by respondents. In the income variable the number of hours worked by respondents, the income earned also tends to increase. This shows that the additional effort of working more hours can contribute to an increase in the income of respondents.

Painting is one of the most important and popular forms of art. It serves not only as a means of appreciation but also as a document expressing of a local culture, a country, or a continent. This study selects two folk paintings: "Village School" by Kim Hong Do (1745-1806?) from the Danwon Folk Painting Collection - a Korean national treasure (number 527) dating back to the late Joseon period (1700~1850); and " Village School" by the H?, Hoàng, and Nguy?n families in Vietnam, created in 1440 during the Le so Dynasty. The objective is to explore the teaching and learning cultures of Korea and Vietnam, with a specific focus on the cultural aspects of Han character education in both countries.

Painting is one of the most important and popular forms of art. It serves not only as a means of appreciation but also as a document expressing of a local culture, a country, or a continent. This study selects two folk paintings: "Village School" by Kim Hong Do (1745-1806?) from the Danwon Folk Painting Collection - a Korean national treasure (number 527) dating back to the late Joseon period (1700~1850); and " Village School" by the H?, Hoàng, and Nguy?n families in Vietnam, created in 1440 during the Le so Dynasty. The objective is to explore the teaching and learning cultures of Korea and Vietnam, with a specific focus on the cultural aspects of Han character education in both countries.

Agriculture will remain the main source of income and socio-economic development in rural areas of Côte dIvoire for a long time to come. However, the successive crises in the coffee-cocoa sector and in almost all other agricultural sectors have led to the emergence of non-agricultural activities in rural areas of Côte dIvoire, such as those of the Koun-Fao sub-prefecture in the east of the country. In these areas, these activities have become a real alternative in the fight against rural impoverishment. Given the role played by this non-agricultural sector, the main objective of this research is not only to identify the types of activity but also to determine the reasons behind their development in the Koun-Fao area. To achieve this objective, the methodology adopted is a combination of documentary research, observation, interviews and surveys by questionnaire with 122 actors of non-agricultural activities in 8 villages of the Koun-Fao sub-prefecture. The surveys in the sub-prefecture of Koun-Fao reveal a diversity of non-agricultural activities, which include all the small trades described as informal in urban areas. The actors in this sector are not only Ivorians and non-nationals, but also a high proportion of young people. Non-agricultural activities owe their establishment and development to several factors, the most important of which are the lack of arable land and the income generated by these activities, which is clearly better than that from agriculture in a region with a long agrarian tradition.

Customer’s (use) purchasing decision making have the crucial point of several marketing decision-makers in all type of businesses. Studies have suggested that ambiguity still exist in terms of variables capable of enhancing the indirect link between the promotional mix (PM) and customer’s purchasing (use) decision, specifically in the cellular communication sectors of most of the developing countries. This study is an attempt to explore the link between promotional mix (PM), consumer trust, and customer use decisions in the context of Yemen cellular communications sector. The hierarchy of effects theory is used as underlying theory, and quantitative cross-sectional survey method with questionnaire were used in collecting data. The random sampling method was used in distributing the questionnaire to 382 respondents . The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used in analyzing the data. The result shows that promotional mix and customer trust has significant and positive effect on customer use decisions, and customer trust mediate the link between promotion mix and customer use decisions. Finally, the study provided some useful suggestions for future studies.

COVID-19, officially recognized as an epidemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020, has spread rapidly across Europe, the US, South America, India, Pakistan, Thailand, and Myanmar. Bangladesh has implemented preventive measures, such as the Disaster Management Act of 2012 and the Infectious Disease Prevention, Control, and Elimination Act of 2018, to prevent the virus and control mobilizations and gatherings. This constrained social and economic activities as well. The COVID-19 epidemic has necessitated the reliance on connectivity as an essential means for the sustained operation of commercial and social activities. The government has recognized the significance of mobile technology in supporting social and economic activities. Mobile connectivity in Bangladesh is crucial for economic and social activities during the pandemic, enabling businesses and educational institutions to sustain operations, facilitate social interaction, support work-related tasks, and provide access to services that improve quality of life. The government has categorized mobile technology and operators as a crucial public service. Mobile phones and mobile internet utilization is expected to continue enabling connectivity, providing access to novel opportunities, and contributing to economic growth and progress towards the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and Digital Bangladesh. The capacity of individuals to access and effectively utilize mobile phone and internet services is essential for fully utilizing the social and economic benefits of mobile connectivity.

This study aims to determine the effect of the Flipped Classroom Model on students learning outcomes in the subject of Islamic Religious Education for 6th-Grade Elementary School. The research design uses quasi-experimental, with a population consisting of 6th-grade students at "Excellent Children Elementary School” in Gresik City, East Java Province. Of a total of 36 students, they were grouped into two classes randomly, with 18 students in the control group and 18 students in the experiment group. Data collection was carried out through a performance test to assess Al-Quran reading ability and understanding of its contents. The pre-test was carried out before applying the Flipped Classroom Model as initial data. After the intervention, a post-test was given to evaluate the effect of the flipped classroom model. The collected post-test data were subjected to statistical analysis using the t-test to compare learning outcomes between the control and experimental groups. The results of the Independent Samples T-Test show a significance level (Sig. 2-tailed) of 0.001, which indicates that the value of 0.001 is smaller than the standard significance level of 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of the Flipped Classroom Model has a positive effect on students learning outcomes in the subject of Islamic Religious Education for 6th-Grade Elementary School students. These findings highlight the potential for innovative learning approaches to enrich teaching and learning experiences in Islamic Religious Education, fostering a more engaging and effective learning environment for students in elementary schools. Suggestions for future research, namely, research can explore how the Flipped Classroom Model can increase cooperation and collaboration between students in the learning process. This kind of study can open opportunities to integrate social aspects and positive social interactions in the use of the Flipped Classroom model. As well as conducting a study of the factors that influence the implementation of the Flipped Classroom Model can help identify challenges and obstacles that may be faced by teachers and students in implementing this learning model.

The use of instructional media, a combination of text, graphics, audio, and animations, has been shown to positively impact students learning and retention of memory. This study aimed to explore teachers perceptions of using instructional media to enhance the academic performance of secondary school students in Civics in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. Using a survey research design of twenty respondents using questionnaires and eight structured interviews with heads of schools, data were analysed thematically for qualitative data and descriptive statistics was used for quantitative data. The findings revealed that teachers perceived instructional media as essential tools that deepened students understanding of content, improved recall, motivated students, provoked curiosity, reduced truancy, and increased creativity and innovation. The study concluded that instructional media are essential for students academic performance, and recommended the establishment of a conducive environment for schools to use instructional media in the teaching and learning process. Philosophically, this study underscores the importance of incorporating different learning modalities to facilitate students learning and the need for educators to be aware of the benefits and limitations of various instructional tools to maximize students academic potential.

Signature is a formal aspect that must be fulfilled in making a deed. However, problems are often encountered in the field when the person signing is a person with a disability. So that the purpose of this research is to analyze the ratification of notarial deeds for persons with disabilities and how the urgency and legal implications of applying the fingerprints of the presence on the minutes of the notary deed. The method used in this research is a normative research method. The results of this analysis show that first, preventive legal protection for persons with physical disabilities in making deed before a notary is contained in Notary Law which is stated in article 44 paragraph (1) Notary Law. Second, attaching the fingerprints of the appearer to the minute of the deed is considered important to prove the appearer/appearers/the parties to the minute of the notary deed against denial of the signature in the event of a dispute in the future, as well as giving more legal force to the notarial deed.

This paper attempts to describe the major issue confronting humanity. I contend that the greatest threat to mankind is human forgetting of being, or rather the perception one has of what constitutes being. The way one interprets being influences one’s orientation and attitudes towards that being. As a result, it is critical to have a clear conception of being, one that does not compromise the uniqueness of each creature. As a result, throughout our conversation, we will look at the meaning of being, different ways of being, and the interdependence of being. The paper also investigates what is meant by amnesia of being and what causes forgetfulness. It went on to say that human arrogance, fueled by some antagonistic worldviews, is the main issue undermining other people’s individuality. The study proposed various viable counter-threat approaches as a remedy to the problem. As a result, unless such orientations and attitudes are clearly addressed and understood, humanity will undoubtedly continue to face the repercussions of being forgetful.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Work Motivation, Employee Engagement, and Facilities on Employee Job Satisfaction at PT Marinal Indo Prima. This research is classified as Explanatory Research with a quantitative approach. The sample used was 90 employees of PT.Marinal Indo Prima with purposive sampling technique. The type of data used is primary data, namely data collection using a questionnaire. The data analysis used is Multiple Linear Regression with SPSS. The results of this study indicate that work motivation, employee engagement, and work facilities have a positive effect on employee job satisfaction. Simultaneously Work Motivation, Employee Engagement, and Work Facilities affect Employee Job Satisfaction.

Disputes or cases regarding land become a social, legal, or cultural problem in Indonesia because it involves the interests of the community and can cause prolonged legal problems and one of the officials appointed by the government to resolve problems or disputes regarding land is the Land Deed Making Officer. Therefore, the formulation of the problem in this study is how to regulate the law regarding the function of the Land Deed Making Officer in preventing land cases and what are the legal responsibilities of the Land Deed Making Officer in preventing land cases. The research method used is normative research method. The results of this study are first, every object that will be transferred or guaranteed must be checked at the land office before the deed is signed. Second, the form of responsibility of the Land Deed Making Officer in providing legal protection to parties is based on the principle of responsibility for error (based on fault of liability). So that there must be a strong source of law equivalent to the law, not just implementing regulations, and it is important for the Land Deed Making Officer not only to pursue formal truths, but material things are also important.

This article explains the existence of the Jember Fashion Carnaval (hereinafter written as JFC) starting from the history of its formation, development, to the socio-cultural and economic impacts of the community in Jember Regency from 2003 – 2021. This research uses the historical method with the steps of searching and finding data (heuristics), criticizing data, interpreting, and historical writing (historiography). Firstly, JFC appeared from 2003 to 2005 as a fashion show. JFC developed from 2006 to 2016 with the addition of the number of participants, the number of carnival categories, choreography, attractions, and cooperation with the communities in Jember. JFC achieved glory marked by the crowning of Jember as a carnival city, JFCs involvement in the 2018 Asean Games. The socio-cultural impact of organizing JFC created new groups that introduced and disseminated new ideas in the fields of modeling, make-up, hair-styling, body painting. The economic impact of implementing JFC raises the economy in Jember Regency.

The Personnel Expense Budget is a fundamental management support instrument, allowing it to determine how capital is being applied to support this area.This work is a practical application of this methodology

Since its implementation in 2003, Working Time Directive 2003/88/EC has brought a series of benefits to employees in the European Union. It has played a significant role in restricting working time and guaranteeing rest breaks, which truly protected the health and safety of workers. However, given the economic recession in the European Union, the widespread nature of atypical employment relationships and enlargement of the European Union, the effectiveness of Working Time Directive 2003/88/EC has been doubted in recent years. Therefore, it is essential to analyse whether Working Time Directive 2003/88/EC remains fit for the purpose more than 15 years after its adoption and propose corresponding solutions to protect the health and safety of employees in these member countries.

The development of rural areas has an important role in supporting national development. Development is directed at the utilization of available resources. Village Komba BUMDes is one part of the process of utilizing existing resources. This study aims to: (1) Know the management implementation system for BUMDes in Komba Village, Luwu Regency; and (2) Know how to improve BUMDes business development in Komba Village, Luwu Regency. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach, the subject of this research was the BUMDes of Komba Village, and the key informants were the BUMDes director, village head, BUMDes staff, head of PMD Luwu, and Head of PMD Luwu. The results of the study show that: (1) The management of BUMDes in Komba Village is carried out based on the regulations that govern it, such as the process of forming institutions and the availability of facilities and infrastructure. (2) How to develop the Komba Village BUMDes business is carried out through financial intervention from the Komba Village government. Empowering the community to participate in BUMDes development, fostering the community and BUMDes officers. The establishment of the BUMDes institution was also carried out well because it did not involve village officials. BUMDes facilities and infrastructure are still very limited. Meanwhile, regarding business development, BUMDes is still not productive, such as cooperation with parties, minimal training, and assistance.

Social media is a form of communication progress developed by mankind. The existence of social media gives rise to various forms of communication and language events which also in its development experience many findings that progress. One of them is multimodality. This study aims to unravel the meaning of multimodality in social media that is widely used by the global community in the form of Instagram. In this study, the object of study was a news account on Instagram social media named @Tirto.id. This study used qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection is carried out using listen and record techniques. Data analysis techniques are carried out by reducing existing data with classified forms and classifications. After knowing the forms of multimodality in the @Tirto.id Instagram account, the research data was analyzed based on the key theory used in unraveling the meaning of modality in his posts.

When learning English, once in a while, learners may need help to cope with English proverbs, and the dictionary may not help them explain the proverbs’ meaning. Then, it leads them to find Google Translate (GT) as a safe place to help translate proverbs. The present study attempts to discover how GT renders English proverbs into Vietnamese. To have the data for the study, the author adopted 17 proverbs from an educational website full of explanations of such proverbs. The data was collected in about 45 minutes from the GT translation platform. The results revealed that GT could translate all the words in each proverb and put them in acceptable Vietnamese structures. However, GT needs to provide Vietnamese readers with the intended meaning of the proverbs, which is to give advice to people on work and work effort. The study also includes some limitations for further study.

Ownership is an important microeconomic theory position in Islamic and capitalist economic systems. The discussion of ownership is not only related to financial aspects but also social and political aspects. Islam is a way of life and a universal religion because it includes all aspects of life related to economic, social, political, and cultural factors. This article aims to analysis the concept of ownership in Islam, the classification of ownership in Islam, and the fiqh rules that form the basis of ownership in Islam. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The primary and secondary data used are books and journals. The concept of ownership in Islamic economics helps eliminate injustice in controlling ones property by individuals, the general public, and the state so that each group can utilize and own wealth fairly and evenly so that Islamic economics can solve the current economic crisis. Classification of ownership in Islam includes three forms, namely: 1) Private ownership (al-milkiyyat al-fardiyyah), 2) Public ownership (al-milkiyyat al-ammah), 3) State ownership (al-milkiyyat al-daulah). Each holding has a foundation.

Wayang Beber is one of Indonesias cultural legacies. Wayang Beber, once a performance used for rituals, village cleansing, healing the sick, and special occasions in Java, has faced various setbacks in terms of presentation and has garnered less interest from certain segments of society. Data collection involved visiting contemporary Wayang Beber artists, conducting in-depth interviews, and observing contemporary Wayang Beber performances. The process involved summarizing and selecting key points, documenting, and focusing on important aspects of contemporary Wayang Beber performances in the modern era. Contemporary Wayang Beber revitalizes the traditional art form by reintroducing it through performing arts, incorporating dance, and collaborating with artists from Japan. The performances are simplified, shorter, and more entertaining, use modern lighting, feature new characters, and adapt stories that address current popular issues while retaining classic narratives. This research is significant as Wayang Beber is a cultural heritage that deserves to be reintroduced to the wider public. By doing so, the decline of Wayang Bebers performance can be prevented, ensuring its longevity and growth.

This article explores the stages of development of the legal basis of parliamentary control in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Since gaining independence in 1991, Uzbekistan has undergone significant changes in its parliamentary system, aiming to enhance the role of parliament in overseeing and controlling the executive branch. The article examines three key stages of this development. The initial years of independence witnessed the establishment of a bicameral parliament, but parliamentary control mechanisms were relatively weak, with executive dominance prevailing. Constitutional reforms in 2005 led to the formation of a unicameral parliament, the Oliy Majlis, which sought to strengthen parliamentary oversight. Provisions related to parliamentary control were introduced in the new constitution, signaling a shift towards greater accountability. The article then delves into the period from 2016 to the present, highlighting the efforts to strengthen parliamentary control mechanisms. A law regulating the activities of parliamentary committees was enacted, empowering them to conduct inquiries, request information, and hold public hearings. The establishment of a Commissioner for Human Rights further bolstered parliamentary oversight, as parliamentarians gained the authority to invite the Ombudsman to report on human rights issues. Furthermore, amendments to the law "On the Oliy Majlis of the Republic of Uzbekistan" in 2019 granted the parliament expanded powers to review and approve government programs, budgets, and reports, strengthening its role in monitoring the executive branch. The article concludes by emphasizing that the development of parliamentary control in Uzbekistan is an ongoing process, as the country continues to refine its legal framework to promote transparency, accountability, and democratic governance. The stages of development discussed in this article shed light on the countrys evolving parliamentary system and highlight the efforts made to enhance the role of parliament in ensuring effective oversight and control over the governments activities. This article describes the stages of development of the legal basis of the institution of parliamentary control in the Republic of Uzbekistan in the national legislation.

This study was aimed to analyze the factors that influence the performance of food and beverage companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data used in this study are secondary data sourced from the financial statements of food and beverage companies during the 2017-2022 period. The research sample was determined using purposive sampling with a total sample of 18 companies from 84 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2022. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and panel data regression analysis processed with E-Views 10. The results of the analysis found that the best regression model was the fixed effects model and it was known that institutional ownership and capital loans negative effect on financial performance. In addition, research also found that attention distraction has an effect on purchase intention and consumer loyalty. Other results also found that the ratio is fast, asset turnover ratio and company size has no effect on company performance. To improve company performance, it is necessary to minimize institutional share ownership, ensure a balance in the composition of debt and assets as business capital and be more careful in expanding assets.

This study aims to analyze the influence of corporate social responsibility and ownership structure on financial performance of consumer non-cyclical companies in Indonesian. This study analyzes several variables, namely CSR, institutional ownership, managerial ownership, concentration of ownership, firm age, firm size and leverage to financial performance. This study uses secondary data obtained from the financial statements and annual reports of companies listed on the IDX for the period 2017 - 2022. The collection of research samples was carried out using a purposive sampling method or sampling with certain criteria. There were 33 with 198 observation data coming from 10 sub-industries of Consumer Non Cyclicals Companies. The data analysis used to test the hypothesis is a multiple regression test using eviews 10 software. The results show that CSR and firm age have a positive and significant effect on the financial performance. Meanwhile, institutional ownership, concentration of ownership, firm size and leverage have a negative and significant effect on the financial performance. Managerial ownership has no significant effect on the financial performance. The company should improve programs and policies that implement and integrate corporate social responsibility to companys business, adjusting the percentage of institutional share ownership and concentrated ownership through restructuring the share ownership structure. The company is also expected to reduce the companys leverage value and optimize the use of its assets to carry out profitable investment activities. The results of this study are expected to provide input for companies and investors to consider corporate social responsibility, share ownership structure, firm age, firm size and leverage.

The application of gender theory to analyze Korean literary works is relatively new. This study uses gender theory as a foundation to examine the gender identity of the character Princess Bari in the Korean folk literature work "Princess Bari," exploring her relationships with her father (the King), Siddhartha Gautama(The Buddha), the benevolent elderly couple, her older sisters, Muchangsung, and other social connections. As a result, in each distinct relationship, the princess assumes different roles, and we also observe the evolution of these roles as they develop through various relationships.

This research aims to analyze the relationships between the principal academic supervision work climate and work motivation on the performance of public elementary school teachers in Bumi Makmur District Tanah Laut Regency. A descriptive quantitative method was employed. This research included 123 public elementary school teachers from 13 elementary schools in the Bumi Makmur District. Using proportional random sampling 109 individuals were sampled. This analysis of the research data employed descriptive statistics and path analysis. The collection of data is performed using an instrument. Path analysis was applied to the research data to determine the direct and indirect relationships between variables after undertaking normality homoscedasticity multicollinearity and heteroscedasticity tests. The results indicated that the academic supervision of the principal is directly and significantly related to the teacher performance. Work climate is significantly and directly related to the teacher performance. There is a direct and significant relationship between work motivation and teacher performance. Academic supervision by the principal is directly and significantly related to the work climate. Principal academic supervision is significantly and directly related to variables of work motivation. There is an indirect relationship through the work climate between the principals academic supervision and the performance of elementary school teachers in the Bumi Makmur District of Tanah Laut Regency.

Changes in lifestyle and consumptive patterns of city people who shift to want convenience and practicality have led to the rise of minimarkets in big cities, especially Denpasar City. To prevent this from happening, the Denpasar City Government made a Mayor Regulation in 2009 to handle traditional markets, shopping centers and modern shops. According to the provisions of Denpasar Mayor Regulation Number 9 of 2009, before obtaining a permit for a m odern shop in Denpasar City, parties applying for a minimarket permit in Denpasar City must comply with the Regional Spatial Plan and Detailed Spatial Pla n, as well as the Zoning Regulations. The procedure for issuing permits for minimarkets in Denpasar Ci ty is carried out by cross agency agencies, namely the Licensing Service, the Industry and Trade Service, and the Public Works Office. However, after several minimarket quotas in Denpasar were running, they exceeded the predetermined limit, so the Denpasar City government issued Denpasar Mayor Decree Number 188.45/495/Hk/2011, which was not implemented properly.

Transportation is an important thing in supporting economic activities in Indonesia. One of them is an airplane which is a means of transportation for humans and facilities logistics. Based on data from the Directorate General of Civil Aviation, Ministry of Transportation (Kemenhub), there are around 18 airlines operating to transport passengers and around 54 cargo airlines, as well as 56 foreign airlines operating in Indonesia. It shows that the position of an airplane as an object becomes important, especially in terms of buying and selling and leasing of the airplane itself. In Indonesia, airplane leasing air travel is more often carried out for the implementation of the aviation business compared to buying and selling. This is due to the high price of airplanes as well as the legal situation regarding guarantees against airplane in Indonesia that are not yet fully present. In terms of guarantee, airplane is one of the objects that can be charged guarantee. This refers to Article 72 of Law Number 1 of 2009 concerning Aviation stating that "airplane objects can be burdened with interests international agreements arising from agreements on the granting of material guarantee rights, binding agreements conditional rights, and/or leasing agreement". Looking at these provisions, raises an issue regarding the classification of guarantee imposition criteria. Remember airplanes is an object that can change hands, then an airplane should be classified into movable objects subject to fiduciary guarantees. However, when viewed from the total weight of the airplane has a weight of more than 20 m3 so that it is included in the excluded object the imposition of fiduciary guarantees as referred to in Article 3 of Law Number 42 of the year 1999. Based on these problems, the author wants to devote the authors thoughts related to AIRPLANE AS MORTGAGE COLLATERAL OBJECTS IN INDONESIA COLLATERAL LAW

This research describes the learning model for improving the quality of Islamic education at the Alkhairaat Islamic Boarding School Palu and the Alkhairaat Madinatul Ilmi Dolo Islamic Boarding School. The research aims to analyze and describe the learning models for improving the quality of Islamic education at boarding Schools. This research uses qualitative methods through a phenomenological approach. The data was gathered through direct observation, in-depth interviews, and written material analysis. At the same time, data analysis was conducted through data reduction, presentation, and verification. The results of the study show that learning models at the boarding schools include qiraah, halaqah, make-a-match, and personal and social interaction learning models. Teachers prepare teaching materials, learning media, and places in halaqah. Qiraah is based on the students ability to use Arabic letters, words, and sentences. The activity of Make a Match covers the ability to understand questions and answers given in a group assignment. The Halaqoh model can create students to master the content of the Holly book. Qiraah and help students to read and write Arabic sentences.

This study examined the impact of board attributes on the audit report lag of 14 listed deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted a correlational research design; in addition, the corporate annual reports and websites for 2015-2019 were utilized as the primary sources of secondary data. In testing the research hypotheses and ascertaining the significant effect of the variables, the study utilized the panel estimation technique using the pooled ordinary least square, the fixed and the random effect methods of data analysis. The findings revealed that board sizes have no significant impact on the audit report lag. Similarly, board independence has insignificant but positive effect on the audit report lag. The study concluded that solid corporate structure attributes would positively influence corporate governance and the audit report lag. The study recommended that government should make stringent policies and regulations on the audit report lag.

This study aims to describe and analyze education and training, professionalism, teacher performance, and learning quality. This research is a correlational study with a quantitative approach. The study population was 537 teachers of elementary schools in East Banjarmasin. The sample technique used was proportional random sampling with as many as 229 people. This research data analysis uses descriptive statistics with path analysis. Data collection was carried out using instruments consisting of education and training (22 items), teacher professionalism (20 items), teacher performance (50 items), and learning quality (54 items). Test the validity and reliability of the data using Cronbachs alpha. Path analysis was used to look at the relationships between variables, both directly and indirectly. This was done by first running normality tests, homoscedasticity tests, multicollinearity tests, and correlation tests. The results showed that there is a relationship between (1) education and training on learning quality (2) teacher professionalism on learning quality (3) education and training on teacher performance; (4) professionalism on teacher performance (5) teacher performance on learning quality (6) teacher education and training through teacher performance on learning quality and (7) teacher professionalism through teacher performance on learning quality.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of interactive metalinguistic feedback (IMF) on the Iranian middle school students’ ability in argumentative writing. In order to fulfill this purpose, a mixed method design was adopted. The participants of this study were selected based on multi-stage sampling procedure in which, first 5 middle school were selected among the 35 existing high schools in Varamin and then 6 classes were selected from these schools randomly. Finally, 40 EFL students were sampled from the classes as the main participants of this study. In order to collect the required data, two sets of instruments were employed. To collect the quantitative data, a proficiency test, a researcher made writing test, and a self-assessment questionnaire were utilized. In the quantitative phase of the study, before the starting of the treatment, the participants were divided into two groups i.e., Interactive Metalinguistic Feedback Group (IMFG) and Control Group (CG) which were give the writing test as pre-test to ensure the homogeneity of them in terms of initial writing ability. Then, a 12-session treatment was offered to examine the effect of the intervention. At the end of the treatment sessions, a post test of writing was given to the participants to determine the effectiveness of treatment. Furthermore, a self-assessment questionnaire was also administered to collect data on the students’ attitudes toward the integration of IMF in the learning process. For the purpose of gathering the qualitative data as the complimentary to the quantitative results, an interview accompanied by an observation was also conducted after the treatment. The findings of this study suggested that integration of IMF had significant impact on the development of argumentative writing ability among the EFL students. It was also found that the Iranian EFL students showed positive tendencies and attitudes toward the using IMF as a teaching procedure in the classroom. They also believed that IMF could potentially provide an opportunity for effective scaffolding; situated learning, meaning construction, social learning, and dialogic interaction.

Every culture has its own way of dressing, so clothes become symbols of their culture. Clothes, along with food and shelter, are important when studying a countrys culture. This research looks at the book "The Kingdom of a Thousand Years " by Kim Kyung-uk to learn about how people in Korea dressed during the Joseon period (1392-1910). The goal is to understand how Koreans lived with nature back then through their clothes.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the direct and indirect impacts of principal supervision, self-concept, and job satisfaction on teacher organizational commitment in Senior High Schools in the North Banjarmasin District. This research employs a quantitative approach. The study population included 229 teachers from the North Banjarmasin sub-district, with a sample of 146 individuals chosen using Proportional Random Sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect data, which was then analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. According to the findings of this study, the principal supervision, self-concept, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment of teachers were all high. The principal supervision influenced organizational commitment by 0.119, self-concept influenced organizational commitment by 0.164, job satisfaction influenced organizational commitment by 0.706, principal supervision influenced job satisfaction by 0.622, and self-concept influenced job satisfaction by 0.323. Furthermore, it obtained a 0.303 indirect effect of the principal supervision on organizational commitment through job satisfaction and a 0.213 indirect effect of self-concept on organizational commitment through job satisfaction.

The growth of tourism in Indonesia has demonstrated significant progress; however, Indonesias competitive position in the tourism sector remains below that of Singapore, Malaysia, and Thailand. Empirical studies have revealed a crucial fact: the existence of shifting demands in tourism and the emergence of green tourism. The objective of this research is to formulate a strategy for the development of the tourism industry in Indonesia, aimed at achieving competitive advantage. This study adopts a quantitative approach. Primary data were gathered through the use of questionnaires and interviews, and data analysis was conducted using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The research findings indicate that the strategy deemed most essential and viable for achieving Green Competitive Advantage (GCA) within the Hospitality Industry is fostering, enhancing literacy/understanding, and raising GCA awareness among all hotel management personnel. This strategy aims to bolster the commitment and involvement of hotel management in implementing environmentally friendly and sustainable business practices. The most pivotal factors in attaining GCA within the hospitality industry companies are Dynamic Managerial Capabilities, followed by government policies, innovation capabilities, and environmental capabilities. The primary actors contributing to the realization of GCA are the government, community, company leader, and associations.

The aim of this study was to evaluate how Senior High School teachers in the Bono Region of Ghana perceive and prepare for the implementation of the professional teacher licensing policy. Methods: The study utilized a descriptive survey approach, which allowed the researcher to directly observe the phenomena under investigation. A sample of 300 teachers from Basic Schools in the Sunyani Municipality was selected using a simple random sampling method. The participants were given a questionnaire to complete, and the heads of the selected schools were also interviewed. Results: The study revealed that teacher licensing aims to showcase the competence of teachers. Additionally, it was found that most teachers have limited knowledge about the teacher licensing policy due to a lack of discussion on the topic. There is a negative but statistically insignificant relationship between teachers’ perception and their perceived effects of the licensure policy, and their performance on the job (p-values>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, the study indicates that teachers generally understand that licensing grants them legal approval to practice their profession. However, the policy may impose financial burdens on teachers and potentially reduce the number of individuals pursuing a career in teaching. However, there is no statistically insignificant relationship between teachers’ perception and their perceived effects of the licensure policy, and their performance on the job.

Most of previous studies about exchange rate exposure focus on big international and trading companies in developed markets that are proved to exist. This paper uses Vietnam as a developing market and examines a sample of domestic companies to see whether they are influenced by exchange rate risks. As expected, Vietnamese domestic companies are influenced by exchange rate exposure with the fluctuations of USD, EUR and JPY during the period 2011-2018 with significant relationship with EUR, JPY and no relationship with USD. No industry effect is shown in this study. The results have useful implications for individual investors, domestic company managers and policy makers.

This qualitative-quantitative research study determined the level of implementation of disaster management practices and readiness for disaster among selected elementary schools in the district of Lemery. There were 48 respondents comprised of elementary teachers and school heads who were further grouped into sex, age, and position. Results revealed that as an entire group, the respondents described the effectiveness of disaster risk management practices in terms of mitigation as “as highly practiced, in terms of preparedness, it was also “highly practiced”, in terms of response, it was described as “highly practiced” and in terms of recovery and rehabilitation plan, it was “highly practiced”. No significant difference was noted effectiveness of the disaster risk management practices of selected elementary school in the district of Lemery as to prevention and mitigation, Disaster Preparedness, Response, recovery and rehabilitation plans as perceived by the respondents when grouped into sex, age and position. The elementary teachers were very much ready in having operational smoke detectors on every level outside the classroom , having operational smoke detectors on every level of the classroom, all learners capable how to use it, all your learners aware of the CPR, having 72-hour minimum disaster supplies on hand.

The positions and responsibilities of District officers (Dos), District Commissioners (DCs), and Provincial Commissioners (PCs) have been widely recognized as integral components of the administrative apparatus aimed at establishing colonial rule in various colonies. However, there has been an expectation for African colonial chiefs to exhibit distinct behavior, deviating from the norm. African Chiefs should have fully endorsed the aspirations of their relatives and community members, particularly in their pursuit of political autonomy and socioeconomic advancement. Due to their failure to adhere to this practice, some chiefs have been stigmatized as vociferous accomplices of the European colonial powers, as well as despots, opportunists, traditionalists, fraudsters, and oppressors of their own populace. However, it is important to note that chiefs had a more extensive role and impact than what has been mentioned thus far. During that period, it is evident that they played significant roles in shaping the political and socio-economic development of their own societies. The focus of this study pertains to the involvement and significance of chiefs within the context of colonial local government administration in Gem locality, Siaya County, Kenya, during the period spanning from 1900 to 1962. Insufficient research has been conducted on the role of local government chiefs in colonial local government administration within the context of Gem history. Consequently, there is a pressing need for rigorous scholarly investigation in this particular area. The Chiefs in the Gem location played a significant role in the establishment and expansion of colonial rule in central Nyanza. However, this study aimed to investigate the process of identifying and recruiting these chiefs, the nature of their responsibilities, the challenges they encountered, and the overall impact of their activities on the Luo community in Gem. The research employed a qualitative methodology for both data gathering and analysis. The research methodology employed a range of instruments, namely library resources, archive materials, and oral interviews. These instruments were selected with careful consideration of factors such as reliability, validity, and ethical considerations. The primary theoretical framework employed in this study was Lugards theory of indirect rule, as proposed in 1922. The function of chiefs in Gem within the context of colonial local administration has been widely recognized as crucial. These leaders enjoyed considerable privileges and protection, although their authority was greatly limited because to the conflicting and ambiguous positions they held. Moreover, through engaging in collaborative endeavors, chiefs play a pivotal role in driving the systematic progress within central Nyanza and among the clans in Gem. This work holds significance as it adds to the current body of knowledge and expands the understanding of the history of central Nyanza, with a specific focus on the Gem community.

Weton is a special day owned by every human being that can be counted in Javanese society. The petung weton tradition to this day is still believed by many Javanese people. Petung weton is based on the Javanese calendar which is knowledge obtained by the Javanese people from ancestors and passed down from generation to generation. This weton calculation is a reference in determining whether or not a relationship is good in determining a good day. This research is a cultural research that will describe the practice of counting weton (petung) in weddings in Muslim communities in Selakambang village, Purbalingga, Central Java. This research is a type of field research with the type of data analysis using descriptive qualitative types. The data obtained are the result of in-depth observations and interviews with experts or elders who are considered qualified in calculating days and dates in Selakambang village, Purbalingga. The data is then reduced and classified based on type and classification until finally analyzed and searched for meaning and then described in the form of narratives. The results of this study show certain patterns in determining the wedding date based on the calculation of the bride and grooms weton that contain certain meanings in each waeton.

This study aims to describe the leadership style of female Madrasah heads at MIN 5 Magetan. The managerial competence of female Madrasah heads through their leadership style proves that women in leadership can play a role with a leadership model that can empower others and is very capable of communicating with staff. As a leader or head of a madrasah, he certainly has a leadership style that is applied in carrying out his profession for the advancement of an educational institution and the performance of teachers in that institution. This research is qualitative research with a single case study, namely, only one research location. The results of the study show that the leadership style of the Head of Madrasah MIN 5 Magetan is a transformational leadership style with a constructive and advanced perspective and thinking and actions that have an impact on teacher performance, including the formation of quality teaching human resources such as an organized learning planning process, learning implementation process, assessment/ evaluation, problem-solving, assistance to students, improvement of facilities, to the creation of programs for the advancement of Madrasahs. Leadership Style, Managerial Competence, Female Principals, Teacher Performance

This study aims to determine the effect of cross-training on increasing teacher competence in designing learning. This research is quasi-research conducted on a group of teachers who participate in training activities. The research subjects were the training participants, totaling 20 elementary school teachers. The method used is one group pretest-posttest, where the research subjects before the intervention conveyed their competence, and after the intervention conveyed their competence. The analysis technique uses N gain, calculating the difference from the pretest to the posttest. The results of the study show that cross-training is quite effective in increasing teacher competence in designing learning. Cross-training can increase competency through teamwork, and with its flexible nature, teachers as trainees can follow along and share knowledge with colleagues.

This study analyzes the role and learning leadership strategies of Transformational teachers in implementing the Freedom to Learn Program at Garuda Kindergarten and Tunas Bangsa PKK Kindergarten, Ponorogo Regency. The research method used is qualitative research with a case study approach. The study population included the transformation force teachers involved in the Independent Learning Program in the two kindergartens. The research sample was selected based on specific criteria, and data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis. The study results show that Transformational teachers are essential in implementing the Freedom to Learn program. They demonstrate effective learning leadership by engaging with other teachers, encouraging collaboration, and providing peer support and coaching. Transformational teachers also use innovative learning strategies and focus on developing student competencies. In addition, Transformational teachers also overcome various obstacles in program implementation, such as limited resources and paradigm shifts in education. These findings indicate that the Transformational teachers learning leadership plays an essential role in driving the success of the Freedom to Learn program. The research results provide a deeper understanding of the Transformational teachers role in this programs context and provide suggestions for developing education policy and practice at the local and national levels.

To make students have noble characters (good behavior), institutions will always look for good ways to instill character values in students, including the institution that the author examines, Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School. In Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School, since the boarding school holds activities, then, in these activities there are character values instilled in students, as the main source in the implementation of social life must have a character that can humanize humans so that in social activities there are limits to the existence, administration, and manners that every human being must have. This research uses a qualitative approach, and the type of research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, while the problem formulations in this thesis are: (1) How are the planning, implementation, and activation of programs at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (2) How does the boarding school support character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (3) And how is the impact of changes in the management of student character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? This thesis is very helpful for the author in adding insight into mindsets, attitudes, and experiences in character-building efforts. They produce social life, namely making programs that are useful for the development and formation of student character. From the results of this study, the authors concluded that: (1) Planning, implementing, and supervising the programs of the student’s parents of Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School in implementing character education through activity programs in the boarding school that have been agreed upon by the leader of the boarding school and other administrators (administrators through discipline and giving rules or giving examples or actual examples from the boarding school environment, (3) The impact of changes in education management on the character of students from students’ parents is the increased trust of parents or students guardians to send their children to boarding schools whose graduates are accepted in quality schools, accepted in the community.

To make students have noble characters (good behavior), institutions will always look for good ways to instill character values in students, including the institution that the author examines, Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School. In Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School, since the boarding school holds activities, then, in these activities there are character values instilled in students, as the main source in the implementation of social life must have a character that can humanize humans so that in social activities there are limits to the existence, administration, and manners that every human being must have. This research uses a qualitative approach, and the type of research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, while the problem formulations in this thesis are: (1) How are the planning, implementation, and activation of programs at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (2) How does the boarding school support character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (3) And how is the impact of changes in the management of student character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? This thesis is very helpful for the author in adding insight into mindsets, attitudes, and experiences in character-building efforts. They produce social life, namely making programs that are useful for the development and formation of student character. From the results of this study, the authors concluded that: (1) Planning, implementing, and supervising the programs of the student’s parents of Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School in implementing character education through activity programs in the boarding school that have been agreed upon by the leader of the boarding school and other administrators (administrators through discipline and giving rules or giving examples or actual examples from the boarding school environment, (3) The impact of changes in education management on the character of students from students’ parents is the increased trust of parents or students guardians to send their children to boarding schools whose graduates are accepted in quality schools, accepted in the community.

To make students have noble characters (good behavior), institutions will always look for good ways to instill character values in students, including the institution that the author examines, Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School. In Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School, since the boarding school holds activities, then, in these activities there are character values instilled in students, as the main source in the implementation of social life must have a character that can humanize humans so that in social activities there are limits to the existence, administration, and manners that every human being must have. This research uses a qualitative approach, and the type of research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, while the problem formulations in this thesis are: (1) How are the planning, implementation, and activation of programs at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (2) How does the boarding school support character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (3) And how is the impact of changes in the management of student character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? This thesis is very helpful for the author in adding insight into mindsets, attitudes, and experiences in character-building efforts. They produce social life, namely making programs that are useful for the development and formation of student character. From the results of this study, the authors concluded that: (1) Planning, implementing, and supervising the programs of the student’s parents of Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School in implementing character education through activity programs in the boarding school that have been agreed upon by the leader of the boarding school and other administrators (administrators through discipline and giving rules or giving examples or actual examples from the boarding school environment, (3) The impact of changes in education management on the character of students from students’ parents is the increased trust of parents or students guardians to send their children to boarding schools whose graduates are accepted in quality schools, accepted in the community.

To make students have noble characters (good behavior), institutions will always look for good ways to instill character values in students, including the institution that the author examines, Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School. In Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School, since the boarding school holds activities, then, in these activities there are character values instilled in students, as the main source in the implementation of social life must have a character that can humanize humans so that in social activities there are limits to the existence, administration, and manners that every human being must have. This research uses a qualitative approach, and the type of research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, while the problem formulations in this thesis are: (1) How are the planning, implementation, and activation of programs at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (2) How does the boarding school support character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (3) And how is the impact of changes in the management of student character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? This thesis is very helpful for the author in adding insight into mindsets, attitudes, and experiences in character-building efforts. They produce social life, namely making programs that are useful for the development and formation of student character. From the results of this study, the authors concluded that: (1) Planning, implementing, and supervising the programs of the student’s parents of Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School in implementing character education through activity programs in the boarding school that have been agreed upon by the leader of the boarding school and other administrators (administrators through discipline and giving rules or giving examples or actual examples from the boarding school environment, (3) The impact of changes in education management on the character of students from students’ parents is the increased trust of parents or students guardians to send their children to boarding schools whose graduates are accepted in quality schools, accepted in the community.

To make students have noble characters (good behavior), institutions will always look for good ways to instill character values in students, including the institution that the author examines, Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School. In Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School, since the boarding school holds activities, then, in these activities there are character values instilled in students, as the main source in the implementation of social life must have a character that can humanize humans so that in social activities there are limits to the existence, administration, and manners that every human being must have. This research uses a qualitative approach, and the type of research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, while the problem formulations in this thesis are: (1) How are the planning, implementation, and activation of programs at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (2) How does the boarding school support character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (3) And how is the impact of changes in the management of student character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? This thesis is very helpful for the author in adding insight into mindsets, attitudes, and experiences in character-building efforts. They produce social life, namely making programs that are useful for the development and formation of student character. From the results of this study, the authors concluded that: (1) Planning, implementing, and supervising the programs of the student’s parents of Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School in implementing character education through activity programs in the boarding school that have been agreed upon by the leader of the boarding school and other administrators (administrators through discipline and giving rules or giving examples or actual examples from the boarding school environment, (3) The impact of changes in education management on the character of students from students’ parents is the increased trust of parents or students guardians to send their children to boarding schools whose graduates are accepted in quality schools, accepted in the community.

To make students have noble characters (good behavior), institutions will always look for good ways to instill character values in students, including the institution that the author examines, Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School. In Wali Songo Islamic Boarding School, since the boarding school holds activities, then, in these activities there are character values instilled in students, as the main source in the implementation of social life must have a character that can humanize humans so that in social activities there are limits to the existence, administration, and manners that every human being must have. This research uses a qualitative approach, and the type of research is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach, while the problem formulations in this thesis are: (1) How are the planning, implementation, and activation of programs at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (2) How does the boarding school support character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? (3) And how is the impact of changes in the management of student character education at Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School? This thesis is very helpful for the author in adding insight into mindsets, attitudes, and experiences in character-building efforts. They produce social life, namely making programs that are useful for the development and formation of student character. From the results of this study, the authors concluded that: (1) Planning, implementing, and supervising the programs of the student’s parents of Wali Songo Ngabar Ponorogo Islamic Boarding School in implementing character education through activity programs in the boarding school that have been agreed upon by the leader of the boarding school and other administrators (administrators through discipline and giving rules or giving examples or actual examples from the boarding school environment, (3) The impact of changes in education management on the character of students from students’ parents is the increased trust of parents or students guardians to send their children to boarding schools whose graduates are accepted in quality schools, accepted in the community.

In 2007, the Ministry of Social Affairs issued a conditional cash social assistance program called the Family Hope Program. The Family Hope Program (FHP) helps beneficiary families in the field of education. Islamic Elementary School Al- Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi is a private Islamic Elementary Schoolwhere 30% of its students benefit from FHP. This study aims to explain, describe, and analyze strategy formulation, strategy implementation, strategy evaluation, and the impact of strategic management on empowering the education of students who are beneficiaries of the Family Hope Program at Islamic Elementary School Al-Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative approach that describes the object under study. Data collection was carried out through interview, observation, and documentation methods. In analyzing the research data, researchers used the Miles Huberman and Saldana model as a reference. Data analysis techniques are carried out by collecting data, enriching data, presenting data, and verifying data. The results of this study show that: 1) The formulation of educational empowerment strategies for students who are beneficiaries of the Family Hope Program at Islamic Elementary School Al- Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi includes the formulation of vision, mission, and objectives for internal and external environmental assessments and the preparation of work plans, 2) Implementation of educational empowerment strategies for beneficiary students of the Family Hope Program at Islamic Elementary School Al-Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi includes organizing/job description, controlling/supervision system, education verification, and Family Capacity Building Meeting (FCBM), 3) Evaluation of the strategy of empowering the education of beneficiary students of the Family Hope Program at Islamic Elementary SchoolAl- Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi, namely coordination meetings and visits to the homes of Beneficiary Families (BF), 4) The impact of the management of the strategy of empowering the education of beneficiary students of the Family Hope Program at Islamic Elementary School Al-Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi is that it can improve academic and non-academic achievement, and empower the education of beneficiaries of the Family Hope Program at Islamic Elementary School Al-Amnaniyah Karangjati Ngawi.

Education is the key to achieving progress and development of the nation. To achieve quality education, support from various factors is needed. However, one of the most important factors affecting the quality of education is the quality of the teaching staff. Departing from this, the management of teaching staff plays an important role in increasing teacher professionalism in an educational institution. This study aims to describe and analyze: (1) Planning for teaching staff to increase professionalism; (2) Procurement (recruitment) for teaching staff to increase professionalism; (3) Guidance and development of teaching staff to increase professionalism at Madrasah Diniyah Ulya Al Amiriyyah Mekar Agung. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative case study approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the management of teaching staff in improving professionalism at Madrasah Diniyah Ulya Al Amiriyyah Mekar Agung Madiun is: (1) In planning teaching staff, madrasah evaluate and analyze the needs of teaching staff at the end of each semester. (2) With regard to the recruitment of teaching staff, the steps taken by madrasah are: determining the need for teaching staff, conducting a needs analysis to determine the number and type of teaching staff needed, announcement of vacancies openly and transparently, administrative selection by selecting based on qualifications (3) The steps taken by Madrasah in coaching and developing teaching staff in increasing professionalism in Madrasah Diniyah Ulya Al Amiriyyah Mekar Agung are: training and developing teaching staff through workshops, seminars, or other professional development programs, providing motivation and encouragement by giving recognition and appreciation to staff educators who have achieved achievements, provide adequate facilities and infrastructure, and form evaluations and feedback.

Education is the key to achieving progress and development of the nation. To achieve quality education, support from various factors is needed. However, one of the most important factors affecting the quality of education is the quality of the teaching staff. Departing from this, the management of teaching staff plays an important role in increasing teacher professionalism in an educational institution. This study aims to describe and analyze: (1) Planning for teaching staff to increase professionalism; (2) Procurement (recruitment) for teaching staff to increase professionalism; (3) Guidance and development of teaching staff to increase professionalism at Madrasah Diniyah Ulya Al Amiriyyah Mekar Agung. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative case study approach with data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation, and documentation. The results showed that the management of teaching staff in improving professionalism at Madrasah Diniyah Ulya Al Amiriyyah Mekar Agung Madiun is: (1) In planning teaching staff, madrasah evaluate and analyze the needs of teaching staff at the end of each semester. (2) With regard to the recruitment of teaching staff, the steps taken by madrasah are: determining the need for teaching staff, conducting a needs analysis to determine the number and type of teaching staff needed, announcement of vacancies openly and transparently, administrative selection by selecting based on qualifications (3) The steps taken by Madrasah in coaching and developing teaching staff in increasing professionalism in Madrasah Diniyah Ulya Al Amiriyyah Mekar Agung are: training and developing teaching staff through workshops, seminars, or other professional development programs, providing motivation and encouragement by giving recognition and appreciation to staff educators who have achieved achievements, provide adequate facilities and infrastructure, and form evaluations and feedback.

The objective of this study is to find the principals academic supervision management model and its implications for teacher academic improvement, also factors that influence the improvement of teacher pedagogical competence. This is important to study because teachers are still found imperfections in carrying out the learning process such as lack of mastery of classroom management and learning material. This research used qualitative approach with a case study type. Data collection techniques used observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis used the stages of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. From the analysis, it is known that the principals academic supervision management model is carried out through four main stages, that consist planning, implementation, evaluation and follow-up supervision. So that, academic supervision management has positive implications for the teachers, that is teacher performance is getting better, which is characterized by teachers being more skilled in preparing learning tools, creative and innovative in implementing learning and evaluation, and better able to understand the character of the students. The factors that influence the improvement of teachers pedagogical competence are education level, intelligence level, teaching experience, training experience, facilities and infrastructure, motivation, and principal supervision.

This study aims to analyze the multiple linear regression equation model on employee performance, the influence of Organizational Culture, Chair Leadership, and Motivation on Employee Performance at the Qurrota Ayun Ponorogo Foundation, partially and simultaneously, and describe the contribution of research related to the influence of Organizational Culture, Chair leadership, and Work Motivation on Employee Performance at the Qurrota Ayun Ponorogo Foundation. This study used a mixed method with a sequential explanatory design. Quantitative data analysis used simple regression analysis and multiple regression, while qualitative data analysis used Spradley analysis. The population in this study consisted of 70 employees of SDIT Qurrota Ayun and 17 MI Tahfizh Entrepreneur Qurrota Ayun, and 57 respondents were taken as the research sample. Data collection was carried out using instruments consisting of variables X1 (20 statements of organizational culture), X2 (leadership) (20 statements), X3 (work motivation) (22 statements), and Y (employee performance) (22 statements). The instruments used were Likert scales, while qualitative data analysis used descriptive analytic techniques and data collection through interviews, observation, and documentation. The key informants in this study began with the structural team of the institution, both at SDIT Qurrota Ayun and at MI Tahfizh Entrepreneur Qurrota Ayun. Data analysis using Spradley goes through three stages: domain analysis, taxonomic analysis, component analysis, and cultural theme analysis. The results of this study are seen from a qualitative and quantitative point of view. Quantitative and partial, organizational culture, the chairmans leadership, and organizational culture significantly affect employee performance. While qualitatively, organizational culture influences employee performance, organizational culture, the chairmans leadership, and work motivation simultaneously affect employee performance. Organizational culture makes a dominant positive contribution to employee performance compared to the leadership factor of the chairman and work motivation.

Inventory management must be considered by the company so that the inventory costs incurred do not burden the company too high and anticipate the occurrence of inventory shortages. This research was conducted at UD Nuada Truss Tabanan branch with the aim of knowing whether the performance of inventory management is optimal or not. This study uses descriptive analysis techniques using quantitative and qualitative data obtained from observations and interviews. This descriptive analysis technique will be explained in stages starting with ABC analysis, calculating EOQ, safety stock, reorder point, maximum inventory, inventory turnover, and total inventory cost. The results showed that the inventory management implemented by UD Nuada Truss Tabanan branch was not optimal. This is shown by the comparison of the total inventory cost incurred by the companys inventory management which is higher than the inventory management using the EOQ method. the total inventory cost incurred by the companys inventory management was IDR 69,074,629, while the inventory management using the EOQ method was IDR 53,038,890. The application of inventory management using the EOQ method provides efficiency to the company in the amount of IDR 16,035,739 (23.22%).

Sports facility services are an important aspect that needs to be paid attention to by the institution. This is because the facility services offered by the university can be evaluated and improved based on the views obtained from the athletes. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the level of sports facility service with the satisfaction of athletes at the National University of Malaya (UKM) as well as to identify the relationship between facility service and athlete satisfaction. The SERVQUAL theory which involves five elements namely existence/real, reliability, assurance, responsibility and empathy has been used in this study to measure the level of user satisfaction. The study will involve randomly selected university athletes. The design of this study is a case study in the form of a survey using a quantitative approach. The survey form will be used as an instrument to obtain research data. The data obtained will be analyzed using percentage, frequency and t-test methods using statistical package for social science (SPSS) software. The expected findings of the study obtained are the level of sports facility service as well as the relationship between sports facility service and athlete satisfaction.

One of the states efforts in realizing public welfare is through development for the public interest. Land needed by the state as a location for development for the public interest sometimes contradicts those who are entitled to the land. to response to this, the states can carry out development in the public interest, a rule is drawn up that regulates how land which is a development area can be acquired in order to achieve development goals. However, does the regulation provide space for the community to act according to their beliefs and rights? The research method uses a normative approach, namely studying normative law (applicable regulations). The normative legal review includes regulations on land acquisition for public purposes related to human rights legal instruments as stated in Law No. 39 of 1999 and two international covenants which have been ratified through Law No. 11 of 2005 concerning the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and Law No. 12 of 2005 concerning the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

This study aims to determine the length of roads and the amount of electricity sold partially and simultaneously against economic growth in West Sumatra province for the 2012-2021 period. This type of research is quantitative research. The data consists of road length, the amount of electricity sold as infrastructure variables and economic growth. This study uses multiple regression to analyze the impact of infrastructure indicators (consisting of road length and amount of electricity sold) on economic growth. The findings revealed that, while the amount of electricity sold had a significant impact on economic growth, the length of the road had a partial insignificant impact with a regression coefficient value of 0.632 and a significant level of 0.333 > 0.05 and the length of the road did not, with a regression coefficient value of 2.012 and a significant level of 0.020 > 0.05. Simultaneously, the variable length of the road and the amount of electricity sold affect economic growth with a significant level of 0.011< 0.05. The contribution of variable road length and the amount of electricity sold is 77.60% to economic growth while the remaining 22.40% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. This research is expected to contribute to the government, especially in the field of Urban and Regional Planning. The result of this study is that electricity infrastructure indicators have a significant effect on economic growth indicators

Batik is a traditional art developed in Java. Batik has a variety of motifs and it is exquisite. One of the valuable sources on batik is classical batik, which developed in several places in Java before Indonesian independence. Besides being picturesque, it also has values guided by the teachings of Javanese culture which are contained in its motifs. Then batik motifs are used in this study as the basis for development in the manufacture of contemporary decorative designs. In this study, the development of batik motifs was redesigned from classic batik motifs which were then applied to metal plates used for ceilings. The goal is to produce room decoration with a new look that is more elegant following the present era which originates from the roots of Indonesian culture. The methods used in this study are emic-ethical research, experimentation, contemplation, and formation. Besides design development motifs, this research also produces space designs that use decorative elements of batik motifs applied to ceilings using metal materials.

The progress of human trafficking crime in Indonesia, since the beginning of Indonesia has categorized human trafficking asa form of criminal action under article 297 of the criminal code. However, since human trafficking is an organized transnational crime, it is necessary to bring about a renewed commitment to fight and eradicate, the 2007 act of no. 21 was enacted on the elimination of criminal trafficking. So based on the background it has been raised to a corporations responsibility for the criminal trafficking of human trafficking in Indonesia. The type of research used is normative legal research. Normative legal research is a process to find a rule of law, legal principles, and legal doctrines in order to answer the legal issues faced. In determining corporate accountability for the crimes of the peoples trade, the result of the accountability of the common acetypical criminal (subjective terms) such as the presence of responsible assets, the absence of errors of both arson and negligence, the absence of those that constitute the reason for the removal of the criminal. Certainly in determining how the accountability of the corporation is adjusted according to the theory of criminal trafficking of human trafficking it would be appropriate to use the theory vicarious liabillity for holding corporate accountability in the criminal crime of human trafficking.

Bawaslu in the institutionalization of election organizers is expected to be a very important part of supervising the course of general elections in accordance with the constitution and laws and regulations in carrying out the function of checks and balances. In the recruitment process for Regency/City Bawaslu there have been several delays related to the selection schedule, which has resulted in delays in the establishment and inauguration of Regency/City Bawaslu which has resulted in no one serving as Regency/City Bawaslu members or a power vacuum in Regency/City Bawaslu as a whole. Indonesia.

The increasing corruption of public services is fueled by system weakness and the need to prevent the countrys existing moral endemption. The study was intended to outline the prevention of public service corruption in criminal optics. The method of studies USES normative legal research, through constitutional and conceptual approaches. Studies suggest that governments must pursue policies to prevent the corruption of public services, which is: Adopting crime-prevention theories, such as situational crime prevention, strengthening bureaucratic ethics and governance through good corporate governance, highly sanctioning bureaucrats who receive gratuities in their performance, reward honest bureaucrats, socializing the massive and systematic impact of corruption of sda in society, forming integrated online licensing systems, organizing bureaucratic cultures, And improved licensing process time limits.

Ho Chi Minh was a distinguished political figure, a prominent leader of the Vietnamese revolution, and also a revered educator and significant cultural figure on a global scale. He laid the foundation and guided the establishment of a new educational system in Vietnam. His educational philosophy holds profound theoretical and practical significance for the revolutionary cause in Vietnam. Ho Chi Minhs educational ideology extends beyond mere intellectual and academic pursuits for individuals; it encompasses a comprehensive and profound outlook that is vivid and pragmatic. It aims to cultivate well-rounded individuals who are both "red" (revolutionary) and "expert" (competent), possessing knowledge, ideals, ethics, and health. Therefore, in shaping fundamental reforms in the current educational landscape of the nation, the application of these innovative and rational ideas is regarded as a requirement and a vital solution.

This study aims to analyze the students perceptions of the benefits of the MBKM (Freedom to Learn Independent Campus) program at PGSD UNS Surakarta. A descriptive methodology was applied in this study, together with a survey method. A questionnaire was used on research subjects from the S1 PGSD Surakarta Study Program. Data analysis strategies incorporated Interactive Techniques consisting of data collection, data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. According to the findings of this study, students of the PGSD UNS Surakarta Study Program have positive perceptions of the MBKM program policies in the 2022 PGSD UNS Surakarta Study Program, specifically the Kampus Mengajar (Teaching Campus), Proyek Independen (Independent Project), and Pertukaran Mahasiswa Merdeka (Independent Student Exchange) program.

Control over land in Indonesia is positively regulated for Indonesian citizens and for foreign citizens, but only specifically in the form of usufructuary rights and lease rights, but there are still many foreigners who want to have ownership rights to land which is certainly contrary to positive law in Indonesia secretly, namely by using a nominee agreement or name borrowing agreement. So, this study aims to analyze how the validity of nominee agreements in Indonesia compares with other countries (Singapore, Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, England) and how to resolve cases of nominee agreements involving notaries with parties involved in Indonesia. The research method used in this research is a normative legal research method. The results of this discussion analysis are first, nominee agreements are completely unknown in the Indonesian legal system, especially in Indonesian contract law, so that it can be said to contain empty meanings/empty norms, because nominee agreements can be categorized as law smuggling. Second, the legal consequences for a Notary involved in making a nominee agreement to smuggle the law, the Notary is required to be held accountable for his actions before the law, namely by being legally annulled and punished to pay for losses made without revocation of the position of Notary. So that the government needs to make a regulation that regulates nominee agreements, especially related to land rights and the Indonesian government follows the steps of the Thai and Philippine governments which specifically prohibit all forms of nominee borrowing practices by adding provisions in the Basic Agrarian Law. There is also a need for more commensurate sanctions for Notaries involved in law smuggling

Self-Organized Learning Environments (SLE) is one of several models recommended by the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC) as an innovative learning model to stimulate students’ critical thinking in learning History. This study aims to verify the effectiveness of the SLE model on students’ critical thinking in learning History. The study used a quantitative experimental method with one group pre-post test design using multiple-choice tests. The research participants were second-grade students of Social Science major at Public Senior High School 2 of Tanggul in the 2022/2023 academic year. The effectiveness was hypothesized in reference to the relative effectiveness test formula which sought to identify the difference between the participants’ pre-and post-test scores divided by the standard deviation. The analysis result marked a relative effectiveness test of 2.85, which implied a relatively high effectiveness of the instructional model. The research implications highlight the value of SLE as a reference to improve History teachers’ pedagogical competence as the precursor to achieving interactive, fun, and flexible learning experiences empowered by technology

The problems in learning history are endless. This is natural because science develops when there are problems. However, in learning history, no matter how sophisticated the media, the design of good methods and strategies, and the application of dynamic models, it seems that it has not been able to provide the most appropriate solution to the problem. The purpose of this research is to develop a history learning model that is specifically based on the characteristics of history itself, namely the Historical Thinking Model. Historical Thinking is not new in history, but using it as a learning model has never been done before. Historical Thinking actually has structured stages in its analysis, firstly chronological thinking, then causal thinking, interpretation, threedimensional time thinking, and finally taking the value or meaning of each event. These stages were then developed into the syntax of the learning model. This research was conducted using the Research and Development method with the ADDIE model.

Neighbourhood security has become a global concern with negative psychological effects especially anxiety and fear. The retirees who are mostly older adults perceive themselves as easy targets; and are more conscious of environmental safety and dissonance as these affect their lives. This study, therefore, investigated psycho-sociological determinants of retirees’ perception on neighbourhood security in Ibadan, Nigeria. The simple random sampling technique was utilised to select 200 retirees. The study utilised and adopted scales: perceived neighbourhood security a =.76, security awareness a =.91, personal safety a =.88, neighbourhood connectedness a =.88, burnout a =.71, quality of life a =.83; and socio-economic status. Three research questions were answered using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis at 0.05 level of significance. Analyses showed that neighbourhood connectedness (r =.979, p<0.05), burnout (r =.302, p<0.05), quality of life (r =.964, p<0.05) and socio-economic status (r =.641, p>0.05) had significant relationships on retirees’ perception of neighbourhood security. Similarly, security awareness (r =.073, p>0.05), personal safety (r =.011, p>0.05) and gender (r =.050, p>0.05) had significant relationships on retirees’ perception of neighbourhood security. The entire independent variables accounted for jointly accounted for 96.2% variance in determining retirees’ perception of neighbourhood security. These are discussed with their implications on neighbourhood security as it related to retirees. The study makes some recommendations that could impact on neighbourhood security management in Nigeria.

The objective of this study is to investigate the comprehension of the concept of investing in the Sharia-compliant Peer to Peer lending investment instrument PT Dana Syariah Indonesia, and to develop a model of investor behavior based on this understanding. The focus of this study is to develop a framework for the application of the investor behavior model in the context of investment decision-making. This study employs a phenomenological research approach, utilizing both primary and secondary data sources. The primary data sources include interviews, observations, and documentation, while the secondary data sources are also utilized. The sources of this study consist of lenders affiliated with PT Dana Syariah Indonesia residing in the West Java Province. The research results are analyzed using various theoretical frameworks, including the Theory of Planned Behavior, Investment Theory, Behavioral Finance Theory, and decision-making behavior. The findings of this study suggest that the concept of investment for lenders entails a dual objective, encompassing both financial gain in the form of returns and tangible outcomes. Furthermore, the investment decisions of lenders are influenced by thirtee n reasons provided by five informants, encompassing past, present, and future orientations. The third implementation of investment refers to the execution or enactment undertaken by the lender regarding the internalization of adopted values, trust in intuition, and confidence in future outcomes. One of the fundamental factors in making investment decisions is the adoption of values, particularly the trust placed in intuition. The act of making a choice or reaching a conclusion. The economic perspective of Shariacompliant Peer to Peer lending products pertains to the principles outlined in muamalah fiqh. The regulations governing the principles of Muamalah Fiqh are further reinforced by the legal framework, specifically the OJK Regulation and MUI Fatwa.

This article makes use of information gathered through questionnaires and documents that were conducted as a part of a bigger study and specifically describes students perspectives and experiences of project-based learning and collaborative essay writing in the Essay Writing Course and investigates students perspectives and experiences of peer feedback use in collaborative essay writing. The study used a classroom action research (CAR) design and involved a group of 42 English Language Education Study Program students from Khairun University who were enrolled in the "Essay Writing" course during the academic year 2021–2022. The findings show that all the students were enthusiastic and active in collaborative essay writing. The findings also show that in collaborative essay writing, the students prefer group members and essay topics determined by their lecturer. The students viewed that peer feedback is important to improve group essays and the same is the feedback from their lecturer. In the introductory essay writing collaboratively, for instance, they experienced difficulties in providing peer feedback on focus, purpose, and thesis statement. This was revealed in their essay task completion that two of nine groups of students had the completed elements of the essay introduction (initial sentence that indicates the general topic, background information to the topic, thesis statement, and sub-topics to be included) throughout the seven tasks. Four other groups lacked thesis statements and subtopics to include in their essay introductions. The remaining three groups missed the thesis statement and sub-topics to be included in one or some of the seven essay tasks