Kidneys are part of the body that has an important role. One of the functions of the kidney is the production of erythropoietin. Erythropoietin stimulates the production of red blood cells. People or patients who have kidney problems can cause anemia. This study aims to determine the relationship between hemoglobin levels and blood creatinine levels in patients with chronic kidney disease after receiving a transfusion. Blood creatinine levels in this study were used as an index to measure kidney function. The study was conducted at the Wira Tamtama Hospital Semarang by taking data on 20 patients in 2020 with chronic kidney disease and taking data on hemoglobin (cut-off 12 g/dL) and serum creatinine (cut-off 1.5 mg/dL). The relationship between the two was calculated by chi-square test and found 80% of patients with low hemoglobin in patients with high creatinine levels and 0% of patients with low hemoglobin in patients with normal creatinine levels (p=0.040). There is a risk of decreased hemoglobin levels (OR = 3,442) in patients with high creatinine levels. It was concluded that there was a significant relationship between hemoglobin levels and blood creatinine levels and patients with high creatinine levels tended to be at risk of anemia.

Pediculus humanus capitis is a parasite known as head lice. This parasite causes itching that interferes with concentration, as well as irritation of the scalp. One of the factors for the spread of this parasite is personal hygiene that is low and quickly spreads in a crowded living environment. The purpose of this study was to describe the exposure to Pediculus humanus capitis in foster children at the An-Nahl Orphanage, Sragen Regency. This research method is descriptive research through cross sectional approach. The results of this study showed that 12 foster children (86%) in An-Nahl Orphanage, Sragen Regency had Pediculus humanus capitis and 2 foster children (14%) did not find Pediculus humanus capitis. Foster children at the An-Nahl Orphanage who have good personal hygiene category, 2 foster children (14%) are negatively exposed to Pediculus humanus capitis, sufficient category is 4 foster children (29%) are positively exposed to Pediculus humanus capitis, bad personal hygiene category is 8 foster children (57%) were positively exposed to Pediculus humanus capitis. The conclusion of the study was Pediculus humanus capitis was found in foster children at An-Nahl Orphanage, Sragen Regency, as many as 57% of all foster children had poor personal hygiene

Gagal ginjal kronis merupakan suatu keadaan penurunan fungsi ginjal, dimana ginjal tidak mampu lagi mengekskresikan sisa metabolisme tubuh. Pada gagal ginjal kronis stadium akhir dibutuhkan hemodialisis untuk mengeliminasi sisa metabolisme tubuh yang menumpuk dalam darah dan menurunkan resiko kematian. Efektifitas hemodialisis dapat dilihat dari penurunan kadar ureum sesudah hemodialisis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar ureum sebelum dan sesudah hemodialisa pada pasien gagal ginjal. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif observasional dengan pengambilan data URR (Urea Reduction Ratio) yang melibatkan 130 pasien gagal ginjal yang menjalani hemodialisa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Juli dan Oktober 2019 di unit laboratorium Rumah Sakit Islam Klaten. Hasil : Adanya penurunan kadar ureum sebelum dan sesudah hemodialisa. Dimana kadar ureum sebelum hemodialisa rata-rata 133,19 mg/dl dan sesudah hemodialisa rata-rata 39,74 mg/dl. Simpulan : Kadar ureum pada pasien gagal ginjal sebelum hemodialisa meningkat/ tinggi bisa 2 kali atau lebih dari kadar normal, rata-rata 133,19 mg/dl. Peningkatan Kadar ureum meningkat dipengaruhi oleh bebreapa factor, antara lain jenis kelamin, usia, indikasi seperti supplement, obat-obatan dan diabetes melitus. Kadar ureum sesudah hemodialisa rata-rata 39,74 mg/dl sehingga terjadi penurunan kadar ureum sebelum dan sesudah hemodialisa 70,16%.

The Primary Clinic of UKSW is one of the FKTP BPJS Health implementing service program of chronic disease (Prolanis). Patients with screening of one time blood glucose > 200 mg/dL or fasting blood sugar > 126 mg/dL were included in control patients of DM prolanis. Patients with criteria of pre hypertension and hypertension 1 were included in the control patients of hypertensive prolanis. Patients with DM and hypertension may have level of high lipid profile so laboratory tests are needed to prevent complications, including cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides. Research objective to find out the description of glucose level, blood pressure, and lipid profile in patients of DM hipertension prolanis at the Primary Clinic of UKSW Salatiga. The research type was descriptive. The research data was primary data by measuring blood pressure, blood glucose levels and lipid profile. Research results normotension 16 (30,2%), pre hypertension 20 (37,70%), and first degree hypertension as many as 17 (32,10%). The glucose levels of normal blood 20 (37,74%), > normal 33 (62,26%). The profile levels of normal lipid cholesterol 30 (54,72%), HDL 26 (49,06%), LDL 9 (18,98%), and triglyceride 30 (56,60%). The profile levels of abnormal lipid cholesterol 29 (45,29%), HDL 27 (50,95%), LDL 44 (83,02%), and triglyceride 23 (43,40%). The glucose levels of normal blood 20 (37,74%) in normotension 5 (9,4%), pre hypertension 8 (15,09%), and first degree hypertension as many as 7 (13,21%). Blood glucose levels > normal 62,3% in normotension 11 (20,8%), pre hypertension 12 (22,64%) and first degree hypertension as many as 10 (18,87%).

Hipertensi disebut sebagai the silent killer, seringkali baru diketahui setelah terjadi komplikasi. Berdasarkan hasil Riskesdas Tahun 2018, prevalensi hipertensi di Indonesia pada usia =18 tahun mengalami kenaikan menjadi 34,1% di Tahun 2018. Cedera endotelium yang diakibatkan oleh hipertensi mencetuskan inflamasi atau radang kronik dinding arteri. Bukti adanya proses inflamasi adalah dengan ditemukannya C-Reactive Protein (CRP) yang merupakan penanda inflamasi dari infeksi non bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui gambaran C-Reactive Protein pada penderita hipertensi melalui penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Fadhliani (2016), Dolly (2018), dan Harahap (2019). Penelitian ini merupakan rangkuman hasil penelitian, dengan kriteria penelitian kajian sistematik melalui pendekatan systematic review. Pada penderita hipertensi menurut penelitian Fadhliani (2016) diperoleh sebanyak 23% C-Reactive Protein positif dan 77% C-Reactive Protein negatif. Pada penelitian Harahap (2019) terhadap 30 penderita hipertensi, 12 orang (40%) memiliki C-Reactive Protein positif dan 18 orang (60%) memiliki C-Reactive Protein negatif. Sedangkan pada penelitian Dolly (2018) rerata kadar hs-CRP pada penderita hipertensi yaitu 4, 85 mg/L. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu menurut penelitian Dolly (2018) pada penderita hipertensi dengan lama waktu >1 Tahun memiliki kadar hs-CRP lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan penderita hipertensi dengan lama waktu =1 Tahun. Pemeriksaan C-Reactive Protein (CRP) pada penderita hipertensi dalam penelitian Harahap (2019) menunjukkan hasil CRP positif didominasi oleh subjek dengan usia = 50 Tahun sebanyak 8 orang (27%).

Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has recently become a health threat in Indonesia. The clinical management of MDR TB is more complicated than that of ordinary TB. Hepatotoxicity or commonly known as Anti-Tuberculosis Drug-induced Hepatotoxicity (ATDH) is a serious effect of OAT that often occurs. The basic parameter for diagnosing or following up the presence of impaired liver function is the SGPT examination. The purpose of this study was to describe the level of SGPT in MDR-TB patients at the Kendal District Health Center. This study is an observational (non-experimental) study with descriptive research criteria with a cross sectional approach which was conducted on 7 MDR-TB patients at Kendal I Health Center, Kaliwungu Health Center, and South Kaliwungu Health Center with total sampling technique. The results of the study: obtained SGPT levels in 7 patients with MDR-TB there were 7 research respondents (100%) had normal SGPT levels with the lowest level of 2.17 U/L and the highest level of 37.75 U/L and the average level of SGPT ie 18.01 U/L. TB mostly attacks the age group of 56-65 years (57%). Males (57%) were the patients with the most TB cases. The most OAT consumption time was in the continuation phase (100%). Diabetes is a disease that often accompanies TB patients. The conclusion of this study is that from 7 research subjects, MDR-TB patients had SGPT levels that were in the normal range.

Blood transfusions become an important component in the management of patients with injuries to cases of accidents, surgical conditions, violence, pregnancy complications, anemia, hemodialysis, and other medical conditions. The blood transferred can be complete blood and blood components such as Packed Red Cells (PRC), Thrombocyte Concentrate (TC), Anti hemophilia Factor (AHF)/Cryoprecipitate, Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP), Buffy Coat (BC), Liquid Plasma (LP). This research aims to determine the distribution of blood component Thrombocyte Concentrate (TC) in Indonesian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Pontianak City. The design of this research is a quantitative study with a descriptive design, the approach of time used is retrospective by collecting and processing all the distribution data of blood component Thrombocyte Concentrate (TC) in Indonesian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Pontianak City in 2019. Processing and analyzing data in this study using the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) application. Data analysis results of the number of Thrombocyte Concentrate requests 5,427 bags in 12 months, with an average (Mean) of 452.25 and a data spread (Std. Deviation) of 224.620 is greater than the dosage amount and the distribution of Thrombocyte Concentrate 3,444 bags in 12 months, with an average (Mean) 287 and a data spread (Std. Deviation) 79.681. The most demand and distribution is Dr. Soedarso country general hospital, while the fewest are the Nabasa maternity hospital. The distribution of Thrombocyte Concentrate blood components in Indonesian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Pontianak City still needs improvement for both inventory and distribution to be fulfilled the number of Thrombocyte Concentrate requests.

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM Type-2) is a metabolic disease which characterized by hyperglycemia due to failure of insulin secretion, insulin action or both. If DM is not handled properly, then it will arise complications in various organs of the body. The criterias of DM control including HbA1c levels and lipid fractions. Lipid pattern in patients with DM type 2 is very dependent on HbA1c control. High HbA1c is associated with high triglycerides and cholesterol. Research objective to find out the description of Hba1c, cholesterol and triglyceride levels in patients of DM type 2 at the Outpatient Poly of RSUD Tidar Magelang. Research method the research type was descriptive with observational design. Primary data were obtained from levels measurements of HbA1c, cholesterol and triglycerides.. The normal HbA1c levels 4-5,80%, good control 6,1-6,5%, moderate 6,6-7,8%, bad 8,8-14,1% respectively as much as 65,96%, 12,77%, 10,64%, and 10,90%. The normal cholesterol levels 100-160 mg/dL, moderate 200-220 mg/dL, and high 250-300 mg/dL, respectively 74,47%, 10,64%, and 14,89%. The normal triglyceride levels 70-140 mg/dL, high limit 150-165 mg/dL, and high 200-252 mg/dL respectively as much as 63,83%, 19,15% and 17,02%. Based on the age of normal HbA1c levels as much as 65,96%, normal cholesterol 74,47%, and triglycerides 63,83%. The levels of HbA1c, cholesterol, and triglycerides were mostly normal in age groups of elderly, and male. The high levels of HbA1c, cholesterol, and triglycerides were more common in elderly than in other age groups.

Elderly was a person who reaches the age more than 60 years that susceptible by the aging, such as hypertension. Hypertension was one of the factor for kidney disease. Hypertension is a disease that has systolic blood preasure up to 140 mmHg and diastolic up to 90 mmHg. Find out how the description of urine sediment in older people with hypertension. Type of descriptive type,include data collection, processing and presentation of data. Samples were taken as many 25 people with criteria for elderly people affected by hypertension. Urine examination is carried out by the Malbin-Streinheimer painting method. The result showed 19 people (76%) had hematuria or the possibility of infection and 6 people (24%) did not have hematuria.from the examination also obtained a cylinder of 6 people, namely 4 people (16%) <1/Lpb and >1/Lpb 2 people (8%). This cylinder provides an overview of kidney abnormalities. Urine sediment examination in elderly people with hypertension gives an overview of renal hypertension with discovery of a cylinder accompanied by microscopic hematuri.

Many lead used in a variety of industrial activity, one of them metal fusion. Lead distill most through inhalation, that comes from particle or vehicle fumes. Lead distill on worker metal fusion at Perkampungan Indutry Kecil (PIK) happened because the worker still incomplete in use self protection. High lead degree in blood, by will heart in detoxification by the kidneys as excretion organ in form of urine. Kidneys can excretion lead through urine the most is approximately 75-80%. The objective research know the level of lead (Pb) in the urine on workers metal fusion at PIK Kebasen Tegal regency. Research Methods an observational study. Nonprobability sampling technique using purposive sampling total 27 sample. The research data served in descriptive the shape of chart to describe level plumbum in urine metal fusion working. The study was conducted on January 29-30, 2020 at PIK Kebasen Tegal regency. Lead levels from 27 samples no metal fusion workers who have plumbum levels exceeding the threshold value of <0.01 mg/L.According to research conducted obtained the lead levels in urine on metal fusion workers above the threshold value is <0.01 mg/L