It has been disturbingly observed that many learners in the field of medicine, both undergraduate and postgraduate levels may have satisfactory information acquisition in their fields of study, but fail to use it appropriately when it come to clinical practice. One of the important roles of instructors and professional trainers in the field of medicine is to encourage learners to adopt deep learning approaches by making the studied materials interesting and design a curriculum and assessment methods that encourage understanding which help in establishing and creating experience. Deep learning is mostly motivated by the interest in understanding the studied materials and the need to interpret the presented knowledge during the course. Comprehension is the main intention and focus of the learners adopting.

Rationale: The pathology of the digestive tract is frequent in Cameroon. Despite this situation, studies of gastrointestinal pathology are rare. The pathological anatomy service is almost non-existent in the Cameroonian suburbs. Bafoussam in the west of the country is a semi-urban area and one of the rare ones to have a pathological anatomy department. This is why we decided to present the epidemiological data of the pathologies of the digestive tract of this locality. Methods: We carried out a prospective study over three months (October 2019 - January 2020), in the pathological anatomy department of the Bafoussam Regional Hospital in Cameroon with the aim of presenting the structural pathologies of the digestive tract listed in this institution. . Results: the pathology of the digestive tract has an incidence of approximately 400 in this locality, and represents 45.24% of all the pathologies identified in the pathological anatomy department of the Bafoussam Regional Hospital The age of our patients varies between 17 and 98 years old, with an average of 52.8. Women are slightly more represented (sex ratio M: F of 1: 1.3). Samples from the digestive tract represent 45% of all histological samples recorded in this department. The most common location, in decreasing order, is the stomach (84%), followed by the esophagus (5%), the colon and the rectum (4% each). On the other hand, other sites including the duodenum are rather rare. Of 100 samples of the digestive tract examined, 98 were pathological with a preponderance of inflammatory lesions (80.61%) against 19.39% of neoplastic nature. The inflammatory pathology was distributed uniformly in all age groups while the malignant pathologies were not observed until after 50 years. Malignant pathologies were more common in men (sex ratio M: F of 3: 1). Gastritis was the most common diagnosis (76.53%) and 94.66% of these gastritis were associated with Helicobacter pylori. Conclusion: The pathology of the digestive tract is important in our community and dominated by the inflammatory type. The most common site is the stomach, most of the lesions of which are linked to Helicobacter pylori. It would be desirable to actively seek out and eradicate Helicobacter pylori infection to decrease the incidence of digestive pathology. Further studies are recommended to establish the true epidemiological trend of gastrointestinal pathology in our community.

Acne is the enhanced activities of the oil glands at the base of hair follicles leading to papular and pustular eruptions over face, forehead, chest and back. Psychological problems are the main setback of acne which generally affects the adolescent population. Hyperkeratinization, obstruction of sebaceous follicles, stimulation of sebaceous gland secretion, Propionibacterium acnes colonization of pilosebaceous units are some of the important pathogenetic factors of the disease. Acne scars are the most important consequence of inflammatory acne. It is very common to those persons who are repeatedly infected .Thus timely control of inflammation can prevent scar formation. In many cases conventional treatment being unsuccessful and the patients become helpless in this condition. Thus in this study a possible curative as well as preventive role of homeopathic medicines was explored in such cases based on a pilot study done earlier at our Institute. A group of 500 such cases were enrolled in the study following consideration of all ethical issues and inclusion and exclusion criteria formulated at our Institute. There was also a control group of 40 cases where only placebo was given, which were similar in appearance containing only vehicle of the medicine. Single oral homeopathic medicine (sulphur 30 or tuberculinum 200) was given in the test group, based on clinical case history as observed in the pilot study. No local application was used in this study. Out of 500 cases, 484 (96.8 %) cases showed significant improvements within five months of treatment, including cure and prevention of scar formation, while the control group showed no significant improvements even after six months. The results of this study were very encouraging indicating a definite role of homeopathic medicine in acne, which also prevents formation of acne scar.