Objective: The literature on psychiatric disorders associated with the coronavirus pandemic is scarce. In publications, indicate increased anxiety, depression, aggression of other mental disorders. However, there are practically isolated cases of mental disorders associated with a pandemic of coronavirus disease. Materials and Methods: Eligible 50 participants to meeting the DSM-5 criteria for nosophobia, anxiety, and exacerbation of the main diseases of patients with mental. Results: All examined individuals showed various mental disorders. Conclusion: despite the fact that the patients examined by us did not suffer from the disease, COVID-19, but they had mental disorders of varying degrees: from neurotic to psychotic disorders.

Background: It is unclear whether the 2 hyperglycemic crises, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) have different characteristics in patients with COVID-19. Objective: to describe prevalence, outcomes, and management of hyperglycemic crisis specifically in patients with COVID-19. Methods: English literature search of electronic databases supplemented by manual search up to July 31st, 2020. Search terms included hyperglycemic crises, diabetic ketoacidosis, COVID-19, ARDS, dexamethasone, mortality, safety. Since no randomized trials are available, all pertinent observational studies, case reports and major organization guidelines were reviewed. Results: DKA occurs in 0.45 to 3.4% of patients with COVID-19 admitted to the hospital, and results in approximately 50% mortality rate. Excessive intravenous hydration should be avoided in patients at risk or having acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) to avoid volume overload. In patients presenting with hyperglycemic crisis and COVID-19 requiring oxygen or on mechanical ventilation, dexamethasone may be given after resolution of hyperglycemic crisis. Insulin doses need to be increased by 50-100% to control dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia. Selected patients with non-complicated both DKA and COVID-19 may be safely managed by subcutaneous rapid-acting insulin in a step-down unit with blood glucose monitoring every 2 hours. This strategy may spare beds in the intensive care unit (ICU) and personal protective equipment (PPE), and decrease nursing time at bedside. Conclusions: Hyperglycemic crises with COVID-19 are uncommon but carry high mortality rate. Uncomplicated cases may be managed ia step-down unit. Dexamethasone can be given after resolution of hyperglycemic crisis.

We have been working in the area of cancer screening modeling for many years. A well-known and frequently used model in cancer screening is the progressive three-state model, where all cancer patients are assumed to go through three states: the disease-free state when one is cancer-free or the cancer is in an early stage that no technology can find; the preclinical state when one without symptom but cancer could be detected by screening, and the clinical state when cancer-related symptoms show up. There are three key parameters in the model: a) the screening sensitivity, the probability of a positive screening result given that one is in the preclinical state; b) the distribution of sojourn time, which measures the time duration in the preclinical state; and c) the transition density, which measures the time duration in the disease-free state, or the onset age of the preclinical state. These three parameters are called the key parameters since they determines the screening processes and all other terms, for example, lead time (diagnosis time advanced by screening), probability of over-diagnosis, etc., are functions of these three. Therefore accurate estimation of these three key parameters is critical and lays a foundation for all other estimations.

Introduction: Comorbidity between mental disorders and physical illnesses is the rule rather than the exception. Approaches to study the impact of comorbidity become challenging also due to lack of consensus about how to define and measure the concept of comorbidity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical profile of medical comorbidity among a group of local chronic elderly schizophrenic patients to see their prevalence and physiognomies. Methods: while geriatric section of Razi psychiatric hospital had been selected as the field of investigation, all elderly schizophrenic patients, who have been hospitalized there for lifelong, had been selected as accessible sample and surveyed with respect to recorded checkups and comorbid medical diagnoses. Psychiatric diagnosis was in essence based on ‘Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders’, 5th edition (DSM-5) and medical diagnosis was principally based on ‘International Classification of Diseases’, 10th edition. Results: Assessment had been performed on 168 aged schizophrenic patients (=65 years old), including 101 men and 67 women. According to results, 89% (n=151) of elderly patients had some kind of registered non-psychiatric co-morbidity, which was meaningfully higher than frequency of comorbidity among senior group of local residents. Amongst recorded co-morbidities falls, hypertension and osteoarthritis were the most prevalent comorbidities with a frequency around 48.8%, 44.6% and 39.2%, respectively. Hypertension, renal disease and malnutrition were significantly more prevalent among male patients (p<0.0000, p<0.0045 and p< 0.0018, in turn) and hyponaremia, aspiration/asphyxiation and seizure were meaningfully more prevalent among female patients (p<0.0075, p<0.0000 and p<0.0009, one-to-one). As stated by the findings and in comparison with the senior group of local people while diabetes, renal diseases and malnutrition were significantly more frequent, coronary artery disease, gastrointestinal disorder and osteoarthritis were significantly less frequent among the present sample of elderly schizophrenic patients. Conclusion: While in comparison with senior group of local people the rate of medical co-morbidities, particularly diabetes, renal diseases and malnutrition, were significantly higher in chronic elderly schizophrenic patients, a significant difference, as well, was palpable regarding the interrelated items between male and female patients, which demands further methodical and gender-based studies to define proper care and interventions for this vulnerable group of patients.