Surgical site infection (SSI) results in substantial morbidity and costs. Various guidelines are there to reduce the incidence of SSI. Recently application of negative pressure to a surgically closed wound has also emerged as a way of preventing this complication. The commercially available devises for this are usually too costly and preclude its uses in developing countries. In this article we share our experience of using NPWT in cost effective manner in case of skin graft donor site.

As being one of the most available forms of health care, self-medication competes the need for valuable and sometimes important functions for the sole person and healthcare system. From the last two decades the practice of self-medication has been constantly increased. Self-medication has now become an important element of self-care and is practiced everywhere across the globe People are more prone to self-medication because they want immediate solution of every problem. Self-medication makes us rely on medicines without any proper prescription. It may offer some aid for a short period of time, but it always ends up with dangerous consequences.

Urinary schistosomiasis (US) causes chronic ill health and caused by the blood fluke Schistosoma haematobium. This disease is endemic in Africa and eastern Mediterranean countries, and has a predilection for the male gender. This is a 64-year-old farmer (swampy farming and fishing) for more than forty years, that was referred from a peripheral health care centre for abdominal and pelvic ultrasonography on account of abdominal pain and discomfort, bilateral loin pain, dysuria, and terminal hematuria for close to a year duration of onset. The ultrasonography demonstrated bladder wall thickening, mucosal thickening and polypoid proliferation in to the bladder lumen, irregular echogenic crust in the bladder base, suspended mobile echoes in urine most likely from hematoma and/or cystitis, there is associated mild-moderate biliterate dilatation of the pelvi-calyceal systems and ureters(hydroureteronephrosis). The remaining abdominal and pelvic organs appeared normal. Urinary parasitology demonstrated the ova of Schistosoma haematobium confirming the diagnosis of urinary schistosomiasis. We report the ultrasonographic features of urinary schistosomiasis because of its peculiar presentation and to emphasize importance of ultrasound in its assessment.

Background: Pharyngitis, a common viral throat infection in children, involving inflammation, widespread local bacterial contamination and tissue destruction. When clinical signs appear, the disease already became multifactorial. In the absence of any multitarget treatment, we conceived a new generation of topical, osmotic, anti-inflammatory, throat surface cleaning polymeric film, capable of detaching and draining throat surface contaminants nearly instantly. Material and methods: A glycerol and polymer containing osmotic film was prepared. Osmotic film attracts hypotonic liquid from the throat tissue, which detach and drain throat surface contaminants and create a favorable environment for cell growth and healing. Specific pro-inflammatory cytokine and virus glycoprotein binding polymers were incorporated in the film to suppress the inflammation. An observational, randomized, placebo-controlled study was performed after the approval of ethical committee on 30 children aged between (3-15), presenting symptoms of acute pharyngitis. After randomization, test product (n=20) and saline control (n=10) solutions were applied as 3-4 throat sprays 4-5 times / day for 15-days. Change in all the key pharyngitis symptom (difficulty swallowing, throat inflammation, irritation, redness, and bacterial deposit) were evaluated employing two-tailed Student’s test for followed by the post hoc Bonferroni’s test for comparisons of multiple groups Results: Only a few specific polymers were able to bind with viral proteins and/or cytokines in adequate filmogen concentrations. Throat surface cleaning and cytokine neutralization strongly decrease all the pharyngitis symptoms and need for antibiotic therapy compared to controls (p<0.05 from day 3 onwards). No adverse effects were noted in any of the groups. Conclusion: Clinical results showed excellent efficacy and safety of osmotically active polymeric film. Polymeric drugs may represent an excellent multitarget treatment approach to minimize the use of antibiotics and chemical drugs in the future.

Extracranial metastases from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are rare, especially cutaneous metastasis. However, the metastatic mechanism of GBM remains unknown with no current consensus regarding the best therapeutic regimen. We report the clinical, imaging and pathological features of a case of a 47 years old man with primary glioblastoma; who 12 months after receiving a macroscopically total resection and adjacent radiotherapy, developed scalp metastasis and subsequent multiple skin metastasis. We also discuss the details of this case in comparison with the previously reported cases in literature in terms of clinical presentation, lesions’ site, management and survival.