We carry out a review of the world literature, regarding the role played by the Intestinal Microbiota (IM), -when transplanted- in the decrease and disappearance of diarrhoea, in many conditions. Some acute and most chronic. Also, we show our little experience regarding the effect of Intestinal Microbiota Transplant (IMT), also known as Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT). We refer how patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Diarrhoea variety, Anxiety, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Pseudomembranous Colitis, Intestinal Malabsorption Syndrome, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Retroperitoneal Cancer operated on 4 occasions, secondary to left seminoma and right testicular teratoma (excised). We show that in all of them, the diarrhoea was reduced substantially and that the complications that appeared were minimal; without relevance or significant effect.

Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)–infected pneumonia (NCIP) is a new viral illness initially identified in the central Chinese city of Wuhan in December 2019. According to the daily report on the epidemic situation of nCoV issued by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China on 14 February 2020: 2019-nCoV is highly infectious, causing extremely high incidence of NCIP throughout Wuhan, and has spread swiftly to 34 provinces within China and 24 other countries around the world between January and February 2020.

The vegetative pemphigus is the rarest variety of pemphigus. It only represents 1 to 2% of cases. It is characterized by damage to the folds and a vegetative appearance of the lesions. Its pathophysiology has not yet been elucidated. The diagnosis is clinically suspected and confirmed by histology and direct and indirect immunofluorescence. Treatment is based on general corticosteroid therapy with a rapid and favorable response.

Rationale: Acute pulmonary embolism is one of the most serious cardiovascular conditions. QT-interval prolongation represents a hallmark for torsades de pointes or polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death. So, identifying the QT-interval prolongation inducer considered very important. Patient concerns: A 55-year-old housewife woman presented with a thrombophilic acute pulmonary embolism-induced marked electrocardiographic QT-interval prolongation. Diagnosis: Acute pulmonary embolism-induced QT-interval prolongation. Interventions: Electrocardiography, computed tomography pulmonary angiogram, and echocardiography. Lessons: Bisoprolol may be helping in the reversal QT-interval prolongation. QT-interval prolongation that is a hallmark for torsades de pointes, and serious ventricular tachyarrhythmias with subsequent sudden cardiac death. Acute pulmonary embolism-induced QT-interval prolongation should be put among the acquired causes of the long QT syndrome. Outcomes: Dramatic response for both electrocardiographic and clinical signs of acute pulmonary embolism-induced QT-interval prolongation post-bisoprolol. Why don’t we use bisoprolol in the management of acute pulmonary embolism-induced electrocardiographic marked QT-interval prolongation?

Echinococcosis (hydatid disease) primarily affects the liver; however, secondary involvement due to hematogenous dissemination may be seen in almost any anatomic location. Isolated hydatid disease of the spleen is rare (1, 2). It is caused by the larval form of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus, E. multilocularis, E. vogeli, or E. oligarthrus. E. granulosus is the most common organism involved, with dogsEchinoccocus granulosus; splenic hydatid; Laparotomy as the definitive host and sheep as an intermediate host. Human beings exposed to certain stages of the life cycle of the organism are also an intermediate host. Human hydatid disease can involve the liver (55%–70%), lung (18%–35%), spleen, kidney, peritoneal cavity, skin and muscles (<2%) and rarely the remaining parts of the body.

The clinical manifestations of Neuroblastoma are very variable. They depend on the site of the primary tumor, most often in the abdomen, along the spine, or in the adrenal gland. Very often, it is the existence of metastases that reveals the disease, with bone pain, and/or difficulty in walking or urinary problems. Management must be carried out in a specialized multidisciplinary team. This will confirm, by imaging, the existence of a neuroblastoma, perform a biological assessment, search for metastases from a distance, and define prognostic factors and the appropriate therapeutic strategy.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant blood disease that affects hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow. The best treatment for AML is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSC). To prevent and treat the main complication of allogeneic marrow transplant, graft versus host disease (GVHD), it is necessary to combine immunosuppressive therapy which includes ciclosporin (CsA). The objective of our work is to study the influence of hepatic GVHD on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporin in an AMLcase. This is an allografted patient (CSH), presented to our Pharmacovigilance department at the EHU of Oran in Algeria, with the aim of carrying out therapeutic pharmacological monitoring (TPM) of ciclosporin. We proceeded to assay for residual ciclosporinaemia from D1 of the allogeneic transplant. The patient presented a fluctuation of the trough concentrations, the explanation of which was an onset of acute hepatic GVHD, confirmed by biopsy with an elevated hepatic function, which represents an incidence varying between 10 and 50% in patients receiving transplant from a genoidentical donor. Without forgetting the great inter-individual and intra-individual variability of the response to ciclosporin, the environmental and pathological factors and the numerous drug interactions which can be the cause of modification of the pharmacokinetics and the pharmacodynamics of this drug. In conclusion, the pharmacological monitoring of cyclosporin, which is the treatment of choice to prevent or treat GVHD, is mandatory due to its low therapeutic index and high inter- and intra-individual variability.