The concept of the zombie enterprise could be a metaphor to explain a toxic organizational environment. While zombies are typically portrayed as grossly disfigured, half-dead humans who prey on their victims in an attempt to eat, infect, or kill them; in the zombie enterprise these individuals use the characteristics of self-centeredness and power to infect and subvert an organization. This metaphor offers a way of illustrating the causes and effects of organizations that decline into unethical, immoral, and even illegal activities for personal or institutional control. The zombie enterprise comes to life through an examination of the organizational design, environment, boundaries, and culture.

Rural cooperatives as a small member-owned organizations are the potential to facilitate socio-economic development in rural areas. This study presents a novel hybrid method to develop strategies for development of rural cooperatives. It combines SWOT analysis, TOWS strategic alternatives matrix, and the analytic network process (ANP). SWOT was used to analyze the external and internal environment of rural cooperatives in Iran using the contributions of a team of experts. This team identified 19 SWOT sub-factors. A TOWS matrix was then constructed and the internal and external environmental sub-factors were combined to create good strategic alternatives. The expert team used the TOWS matrix to identify 11 strategic alternatives. ANP was applied to prioritize the strategic alternatives. According to the experts’ team, the presented combined approach helps managers to choose the best alternative strategies considering both internal and environmental factors.

Research in family businesses is relatively recent, and most often knowledge creation in this area is limited to western countries. Although some scholars have provided empirical assessments of family business practices in emerging economies, no comprehensive picture is available on most aspects of family business. It is in this context that this research is undertaken. Family business succession is widely studied. This paper addresses the topic by comparing the issue for India and the United States. Our approach is unique in that we study business failures between the countries, which avoids the resulting problems in the measurement of financial performance. A business failure is rather unambiguous, no matter how you measure the failure. We will compare the succession of Indian family businesses and that of the U.S.A. We will also draw the distinction of family business failures and “break-ups,” especially with regard to India’s family groups and in America, where capital markets more seamlessly accomplish stealth break-ups and provide family diversification. Finally, this paper will address an interesting market anomaly, namely that family businesses are alleged to outperform purely public firms, but foreign capital invested in India prefers firms with the least amount of family influence.

The management of assets and cash flows to reduce the financial risk of an organization can be studied with asset and liability management (ALM). Since an organization has multiple goals to consider, a multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) with goal programming model can be adopted to study the financial strength while obtaining an optimal solution which satisfies the objectives and constraints. This study is aiming at developing a goal programming model to examine the financial management of a technology company, Malaysian Pacific Industries Berhad (MPI) with reference to various goals such as total assets, total liabilities, total equity, profit, earnings and total goal achievement. From this study, it is able to conclude that MPI has achieved all the goals according to the optimal solution from the goal programming model. Moreover, potential improvements of these target values are obtained to maximize assets, equity, profit and total goal achievements. The significance of this study is the identification of the financial position and improvement potentials for MPI in Malaysia.

Today, the significance of medical equipment in health and safety of communities cannot be exaggerated. So, all countries need to consider its optimal management because of its significant effect on their development from the perspective of healthcare economics, medical education, and research. In the meantime, annually a significant amount of medical equipment loses its efficiency due to aging, failure, high maintenance costs, and other factors so that it will be unavoidable to replace the equipment effectively. In this regard, given the critical role of the equipment, it is imperative to formulate a strategic and macro program for medical equipment management to replace the available equipment in order to reduce the risk for patients and hospital staff as well as to ensure the availability of services. The present study addressed designing a system of medical equipment replacement using a hybrid SWOT-FANP approach. The approach intends to increase the self-confidence of decision-makers and owners of medical equipment and provide them with adequate supporting evidence and thereby, motivate the formulation of medical equipment replacement strategies selected by the SWOT matrix and with the aid of fuzzy analytic network process (FANP) for their prioritization. The teaching hospitals of a province in Iran were selected as the case study. The applied hybrid approach allows measuring the dependencies of the SWOT factors to consider them in assigning a strategic weight and weights to sub-factors and changing the prioritization of the alternative strategies.

This paper examines the impact of investments and liquidity resilience on economic recovery in view of the rampaging impact of COVID 19 to the world. The severity of the pandemic is unwholesome to the global economy, while the future is uncertain of which the paper conjectures. For Nigeria, this aberration may be attributed to gaps in social and economic investments. Many economies have become protective of their strength to be able to withstand the shock and variability associated with this pandemic. This study examines the readiness of the country to withstand emerging shocks and postulates on resilient measures that will assist the country to manage such situations better and place it on a better pedestal in the comity of nations.

Background and Aim: Knowledge management is one of the most interesting and challenging issues of the management in the new millennium. Educational and research centers are the most suitable places for the implementation of knowledge management programs. This study aims at identification and ranking the factors affecting the implementation of knowledge management based on TOPSIS technique in Universities of the east Guilan.