Data are examined for three semesters during the midst of COVID: fall 2020, spring 2021, and fall 2021. Contrary to hypotheses, predictive and discriminant validity was as strong as results obtained from three prior surveys (using identical instrumentation) conducted in three countries. It had been anticipated that the sets of practices that comprise the Cube One Framework would experience declining frequency, as organizations cut back on either effort to raise motivation or ability (enterprise-directed practices); price and quality concerns for products/services (customer-directed practices); or practices designed to increase employee loyalty and satisfaction (employee-directed practices. Overall, there were no declines in the three sets of practices, and moderator analyses examining the posited effects of declines in employment across ten industries showed only one significant effect in twelve analyses. We conclude that, surprisingly, the Cube One Framework remains a robust predictor of organizational performance both before and during the COVID environment.

Social workers are at risk of developing compassion fatigue and burnout due to their professional responsibilities. Recently, the NASW has incorporated self-care as an ethical requirement for our profession placing even more emphasis on social workers to care take of themselves as well as care for their clients. However, what are the ethical responsibilities of the employment agencies in the prevention of compassion fatigue and burnout in the social work profession? This article will explore compassion fatigue and burnout as an ethical dilemma and the subsequent responsibilities employers bear in preventing burned out in the employee pool in order to avoid unintentional harm to clients.

In this paper, a theoretical and operational analysis was carried out on the issue of going concern. First of all, from a theoretical point of view, the subject of going concern has been examined in-depth to explain how the Covid-19 health emergency has impacted the companies ability to carry out their activities shortly. It also achieves this aim by implementing operational research having as its object forty companies belonging to three macro-sectors: industrial, financial services and non-financial services, whose stocks make up the Italian stock exchange index Ftse Mib -Financial Times Stock Exchange Milan. The FTSE MIB is the benchmark stock index in Italy. It consists of a basket of 40 stocks on the Euronext Milan and Euronext MIV Milan markets identified by capitalisation, trading volume and sector. The theoretical and operational analysis of the concept of going concern was carried out considering, also, the bankruptcy alert indices identified by the Italian National Council of Chartered Accountants and Accounting Experts. These indicators were introduced by Italian legislation with the entry into force of the new Code of Corporate Crisis to identify possible economic and financial instability situations before the state of crisis. The research, as mentioned above, was carried out using the alert indices recognised by the National Council of Chartered Accountants and Accounting Experts. This research emerged that these indices are actually predictive of a company crisis. It also completed the study illustrated in this paper by comparing the results of the bankruptcys predictive alert indices and Altmans Z score. It reached the trends identified by the alert indices with the results obtained from Altmans Z score, and from this comparison, it can see that the final results are similar. The comparison between the alert ratios illustrated by the National Council of Chartered Accountants and Accounting Experts and the results of Altmans Z score allows us to affirm two observations undoubtedly, the alert ratios are characterised by a high predictive validity regarding the bankruptcy of companies and, in addition, that these ratios lead to similar results to those that can obtain by applying Altmans Z-score. In this paper, a theoretical and operational analysis was carried out on the issue of going concern. First of all, from a theoretical point of view, the subject of going concern has been examined in-depth to explain how the Covid-19 health emergency has impacted the companies ability to carry out their activities shortly. It also achieves this aim by implementing operational research having as its object forty companies belonging to three macro-sectors: industrial, financial services and non-financial services, whose stocks make up the Italian stock exchange index Ftse Mib (Financial Times Stock Exchange Milan. The FTSE MIB is the benchmark stock index in Italy. It consists of a basket of 40 stocks on the Euronext Milan and Euronext MIV Milan markets identified by capitalization, trading volume and sector). The theoretical and operational analysis of the concept of going concern was carried out considering, also, the bankruptcy alert indices identified by the Italian National Council of Chartered Accountants and Accounting Experts. These indicators were introduced by Italian legislation with the entry into force of the new Code of Corporate Crisis to identify possible economic and financial instability situations before the state of crisis. The research, as mentioned above, was carried out using the alert indices recognized by the National Council of Chartered Accountants and Accounting Experts. This research emerged that these indices are actually predictive of a company crisis. It also completed the study illustrated in this paper by comparing the results of the bankruptcys predictive alert indices and Altmans Z-score. It reached the trends identified by the alert indices with the results obtained from Altmans Z-score, and from this comparison, it can see that the final results are similar.

According to this article distance learning is an educational field which makes use of educational techniques and technology to deliver teaching to students who are physically absent within a traditional-educational setting like a classroom. On the other hand, computer based training is termed as a self paced learning activity that is accessible through a computer. According to this article, distance learning and precisely computer based training has been the subject of debate among many researchers with two schools of thought existing regarding the debate. One side is strongly supporting the system and the other side also strongly criticizing the system. According to this article it was imperative that the analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the two sides be analyzed in trying to come up with the side with the stronger argument. Since various ethical issues are also viewed in the research it was important that they be described.

This case study explores the application of Reverse Logistics - RL in the waste pickers cooperatives in Brazil. This study also proposes a novel RL model to integrate society and recycling companies in the effort to clean up the environment and reuse the recycled products as a source of reduction in its production costs. If the government adopts changes to the relationship between the waste pickers cooperatives and manufacturing companies, that will allow municipalities to focus on issues pertinent to the local administration rather than being the middle man in the RL chain. With the revised model proposed in this study, waste pickers cooperatives would negotiate contracts directly with the manufacturers, optimizing the RL chain.

This study examines the herding behavior of software companies when they merge and acquire (M&A) SaaS firms to compete in the market. Through an empirical analysis of 71 companies in SIC 737 industries from 2003- 2017, we find that firms try to imitate their peer competitors’ M&A activities and their imitation decisions are contingent on the resources and capabilities. Specifically, firms with more slack resources are more likely to develop SaaS products and services by themselves instead of acquiring an existing SaaS firm. Creating their own SaaS products could bring more stable and reliable profits in the long term, even though firms may have low profit margins in the short term. Thus, these firms do not consider acquiring the developing process through M&A. Our findings have managerial implications for on-premises companies in their transformation to cloud-based businesses.

Agile Project Management methods have gained phenomenal success in the IT software world in managing projects of high complexity and uncertainty. However, Agile projects come with their unique set of risks. This paper seeks to explore the risks posed by human factors to complex Agile Scrum projects in large enterprises. Project Risk Management is crucial in determining the future performance of a complex project. Increasing project complexity makes it more and more difficult to anticipate potential events that could affect the project and to make effective decisions to reduce project risk exposure. This is even more true for Agile projects that promote immediate and frequent visibility of risk factors and distributed decision making in projects. A dominant reason for failure of complex Agile projects are the risks caused by human and organization factors. This paper will analyze the delivery risks posed by human factors and the traditionally hierarchical decision making in large enterprise systems.