This paper is testing empirically the effect of a devaluation of a currency on the trade account of the country, the J-curve effect, by using the trade between the U.S. and seven countries (Euro-zone, Mexico, Canada, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Japan, and Australia). A devaluation (depreciation) of the U.S. dollar is increasing the spot exchange rate ($/FC) and increases the price of imports and reduces the price of exports. Then, imports are falling and exports are increasing and the trade account is improved in the long-run. In the short-run, the trade account is deteriorated because the international trade transactions are pre-arranged and the invoices are in foreign currency, so it cannot be adjusted. This J-curve hypothesis is tested by using a regression equation and a VAR model, where the volatility of the real exchange rate (TOT) is specified with a GARCH-M process. Also, different stationary tests are taking place, like, unit root and cointegration ones. The empirical results mostly are supporting the J-curve effect.

Technology-enabled disruptions have created challenges for firms in all industries and often originate from firms outside a firms known competitors. Senior technology executives are often charged with leading the firms response to these competitive threats, leveraging technology to drive innovation and create value. In recent years, senior technology leaders have emerged in the Top Management Teams (TMT), including the traditional roles of Chief Information Officer and Chief Technology Officer, and the emerging roles of Chief Data Officer, Chief Digital Officer, and Chief Innovation Officer, collectively referred to as CxOs. Researchers have begun examining the impact of CxOs using event study methodology and comparative studies of firm performance against peer groups. This research examines the impact of the presence of a CxO on firm outcomes with an event study, using, for the first time, the Fama-French 5 Factor model to examine announcements of CxO appointments, and finds that the firm announcements of CxO appointments result in significantly negative abnormal returns. This research adds to the growing research on how firms create value across both traditional and emerging CxO roles, identifying the role, firm, and industry factors that influence value judgments and the subsequent market reactions to a firms announcement of the appointment of a CxO. The firm announcement of a CxO appointment appears to be perceived as a sign of potential instability, and therefore a risk to the important business/technology integration of these important roles.

This study measured the magnitude of Covid-19s impact on the casino gaming industry in Macau, analyzed the current Asian gaming market, and provided an overview of the industry outlook in the post-Covid era. Using the Time Series analysis techniques, statistically significant decreases in all sections of the industry have been identified and quantified. In addition, quarterly gaming revenue for the future three years were forecasted. Based on current market conditions and the results of data analyses, this study suggests that: 1) a more diversified tourism and gaming service portfolio is needed; 2) collaborations with surrounding areas need to be established; 3) Macaus gaming industry will need to explore new markets for future sustainable growth; 4) the rebound of Macaus gaming industry in the near future will largely depend on Chinas COVID policy.

In web-based marketing, the constant growth of the Internet has thrown up inconceivable opportunities and problems. Web 3.0, the most recent version of the web, is believed to be a technologically sophisticated medium that allows users to Read/Write/Execute and also allows robots to perform some of the thinking formerly reserved for human beings, but also as a game changer on the existing business models on which digital marketing is conducting nowadays. The emerging economics burgeoning Internet population will soon have an array of Web 3.0 in which to work and play. Although some strategies of web 3.0 platforms have been proven to be successful for attracting user acceptance in the developed countries, the effects of these strategies are questionable in the market of emerging economics. In this study, we investigate the Web 3.0 market and e-commerce strategies. Based on the uses and gratifications theory, this study compares the different strategies of these local companies, and tries to explain which difference of e-commerce strategies between these competitors, and how can these Web 3.0 competitors survive in the environment of emerging economics. Limitations and Implications are discussed in the end.

This article reports on the experiences of managers in outsourcing telecommunications call centers in South Africa on service quality and efficiency, and whether service quality is sacrificed for service efficiency. This qualitative case study collected data from eight participants through semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Inductive reasoning was applied in this study. Participants were purposively selected through criterion sampling based on their experience within the call centre industry. Thematic analysis were conducted whereby themes and sub themes were identified. Call center managers use different metrics to manage service quality and efficiency and two thirds of them suggests that service quality is not sacrificed for service efficiency, and a quarter feels otherwise. These findings contradict previous studies on service quality and efficiency. The article provides actionable insights for the management of outsourced call centers on managing service quality without compromising service efficiency. The findings can be implemented in the operations of inbound and outbound call centers.

In web-based marketing, the constant growth of the Internet has thrown up inconceivable opportunities and problems. Web 3.0, the most recent version of the web, is believed to be a technologically sophisticated medium that allows users to Read/Write/Execute and also allows robots to perform some of the thinking formerly reserved for human beings, but also as a game changer on the existing business models on which digital marketing is conducting nowadays. Online marketing with web 3.0 is also known as intuitive Web, which is a Semantic Web that allows web services to communicate with one another whilst web users are engaged and rewarded. Individualized and behavioral Web 3.0 will be the norm. Web 3.0 has generated new tools and technology for aiding web-based marketing in a short amount of time and in full transparency. To begin, this article addresses certain Web 3.0 concepts, development, and features. We explored the influence of web 3.0 on marketing in this study, as well as the many aspects that contribute to marketing uplift. Web 3.0 is a word used to describe the interaction that occurs as a result of the evolution of Web use and the transformation of the Web into a decentralized database. Smart web with intelligence analysis, personalization, interoperable web, virtualization (virtual 3D environments), blockchain technologies supporting smart contracts and multimedia are some of the most significant elements of these technologies. The broad adoption of Web 3.0 technologies in marketing settings has resulted in the creation of e-marketing 3.0. Web 3.0 is defined by facilitating cooperation and is powered by co-creation tools.