Special Economic Zones: A Comparison of the Economic Policies of China and Pakistan | Author : Sohail Ahmad,Inayat Kaleem,Hajra Nasir Satti | Abstract | Full Text | Abstract :China established Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in the late seventies and eighties which later became major drivers of their economic development. Now China is replicating the same phenomenon in Pakistan under CPEC. China, through the China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), the flagship project of One Belt One Road, has pledged to invest sixty-two (62) billion US dollars in Pakistan. The development of SEZs in Pakistan is divided into two phases. Phase one started in 2012, and the main focus in this phase was on Dhabeji, Rashakai Faisalabad. In phase two nine SEZs will be developed. If Pakistan successfully manages the SEZs it will shift the country towards industrialization in the long run and stabilize the Pakistani economy in the short run. However, many inconsistencies have originated due to Pakistans weak economic policies. This paper will provide a comparison between the SEZs in Pakistan and China, and how Pakistan can capitalize on the SEZs and pave the way for industrialization. |
| The United Kingdom and Brexit: Implications, Consequences and Opportunities | Author : Ilhamah Qiamy,Fahim Nawaz,Syed Umair Jalal | Abstract | Full Text | Abstract :Presently, Brexit and its implications for the United Kingdom (UK), European Union and rest of the world, are regarded as major concerns across the globe. The present study is an attempt to estimate the shock that the UKs economy will likely receive as a consequence of Brexit. It also seeks to find an answer to the question whether costs incurred as a consequence of Brexit are repairable or otherwise for the UK. By applying a vector autoregressive (VAR) model on annual time series data of four important economic variables, i.e. gross domestic product (GDP), imports, exports and foreign direct investment, ranging from 1970-2016, an interdependence relation was found to hold among variables. The result concludes that through Brexit, the UKs economy will face some fluctuations which wont last any longer than 12 to 15 years. In return, it will grant UK sovereignty in the different vital segments of the country like economic policies and political decisions. |
| Economic or Organisation Perspective?: Triangulation of Workplace Spirituality, Organisational Learning Capacity (OLC) and Organisational Trust | Author : Affaf Zahra,Muhammad Zia-ur Rehman,Asia Baig | Abstract | Full Text | Abstract :he study examines the relationship between workplace spirituality, organizational learning capacity, and organizational trust. Within the organization, trust plays a significant role in establishing learning capacity. The study is crosssectional in nature with a simple random sampling technique. Information is gathered from Training/learning and OD staff of government and commercial banks operating in Pakistan via selfadministered questionnaires. Data were analyzed through “Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)” and through maximum probability and likelihood. Findings indicate that workplace spirituality had a substantial positive effect on organizational learning capacity and organizational trust acts as moderator. Hence, organizational trust also has a significant positive impact on the relationship between workplace spirituality and organizational learning capacity. Middle and upper-level Managers working in the bank, different industry associations, multiple In-house and Ex-house training providing firms, support functions and research institutions may utilize findings to bring major improvements in learning capacity mechanisms and employee behavior to enhance the overall adequacy of the associations. |
| The Role of Trade in Peace Promotion: Assessment of Pak-India Relationship | Author : Saima Gul,Syed Ali Shah,Muhammad Usman Ullah | Abstract | Full Text | Abstract :The relationship between trade and peace has been debated by policymakers, academicians and the general public, often ending in contesting conclusions defining the exact role of trade in this complex relationship. While taking the case study of Pakistan and India, this argument becomes more central to understanding whether there is a possibility for the furtherance of trade relations between Pakistan and India. It is a perception that political and military tactics have always been active in deciding the relations between Pakistan and India. Hence, it is important to explore viable options, such as trade, for bringing positive change in relations. This article emphasizes that a liberal perspective may provide a better explanation of this relationship and concludes that trade possesses the capacity to play an active role in mollifying strained relations between Pakistan and India and begin an era of peace and harmony in the region. |
| Due Economy is Based on Authenticity? Authentic Leader’s Personality and Employees’ Voice Behaviour | Author : Muhammad Zia-ur Rehman,Atiqa Shahbaz,Noor Hassan | Abstract | Full Text | Abstract :The study examines the impact of authentic leader’s personality on employee voice behavior through a quantitative study. The results, from a sample of 200 subordinate–supervisor dyads from a healthcare organization in Pakistan, provide evidence of a positive relationship for leader authentic personality with direct reports’ ratings of the leaders’ authentic leadership. In addition, authentic leadership was found to influence subordinates’ voice behavior, as rated by subordinates’ immediate supervisors; notably, this relationship was partially mediated by the subordinates’ perceptions of OBSE. Furthermore, leader authentic personality was indirectly related to subordinates’ voice behaviour through the mediating influence of authentic leadership and, in turn, subordinates’ perceptions of Organization-based selfesteem. The findings of this study will make management understand the linkage of an authentic leader’s personality and employee voice behavior. |
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