This study aims to identify parenting styles applied by parents to early childhood in Telkom Makassar Kindergarten and analyze the relationship between democratic, authoritarian, and permissive parenting styles with four main aspects of adaptive behavior in children: communication skills, daily life skills, socialization abilities, and motor skills. Using a quantitative approach with a correlational design, the study involved 40 children selected through proportional random sampling. Data were collected using validated and reliable questionnaires. The findings reveal that democratic parenting has the most positive impact on the development of all dimensions of adaptive behavior. Meanwhile, authoritarian and permissive parenting styles showed varying effects on specific dimensions. The study also found that a combination of parenting styles yields more optimal outcomes compared to the exclusive application of a single style. These findings highlight the importance of flexible and culturally sensitive parenting approaches to support holistic child development. This research provides theoretical and practical contributions to designing adaptive parenting strategies that promote the growth of early childhood development.

This research aims to understand and analyze various types of early childhood education (ECE) research based on objectives, approaches, methods, and data sources. The main issue raised is the lack of deep understanding among students and practitioners regarding the types of research relevant to improving the quality of education. The method used is a literature study, with data collection through analyzing literature from books, scientific journals, and related articles. Data is analyzed descriptively to identify each type of research’s characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The findings of this study show that there are four categories based on purpose, approach, method and data source. Based on purpose, there are descriptive, explanatory, exploratory, predictive, and evaluative types of research. Based on the approach, research is divided into quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods. Based on method, there are experimental research, action research, case studies, longitudinal research, and cross-sectional research. Finally, based on data sources, research can be conducted through field, library, or laboratory research.. The results of this study contribute as a reference for researchers in the field of Early Childhood Education to choose the right type of research based on four research categories, namely based on objectives, approaches, methods, and data sources.

This study examines teacher resilience at Waladun Shalih Ratulangi Kindergarten in Palopo City, focusing on the challenges faced by early childhood educators. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research employs data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis follows the steps of reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that (1) Teacher resilience aligned with the CO2RE dimensions: Control, Origin, Reach, and Endurance.; (2) Factors influencing resilience include intrinsic motivation and teacher creativity, which drive problem-solving and adaptability; and (3) Efforts to enhance resilience encompass transforming failures into opportunities, accepting constructive criticism, fostering courage and persistence, and expanding social networks. The study contributes insights into strategies for sustaining teacher resilience in early childhood education, highlighting its significance in overcoming professional and personal challenges. The results provide actionable recommendations for educators, administrators, and policymakers to support resilience development in educational settings.

This research is motivated by the lack of development in childrens speaking skills, as observed in classroom learning processes. One contributing factor is the limited use of interactive learning media and tools that can stimulate childrens speaking abilities. Therefore, finger puppet media based on character cards was developed using the ADDIE model, aimed at improving the speaking abilities of children in Class B at Negeri Pembina Larompong Kindergarten. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and validation by experts and analyzed using descriptive quantitative methods. Based on the research results, the developed media received a score of 88% from material experts and 87.14% from media experts, which falls into the "very valid" category. The use of this media is expected to assist teachers in effectively and enjoyably stimulating childrens speaking abilities as an interactive learning tool.

Character education is a crucial aspect in shaping a generation that is integrated, united, and appreciates the nations noble values. However, technological developments and social phenomena in Indonesia indicate a decline in character among the younger generation, especially in early childhood education (PAUD) settings. This study aims to develop an experiential learning-based learning model rooted in local culture to shape the character of Pancasila in early childhood. The research methodology used is research and development (R&D) with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The model trial was conducted at TK RAMA, Group B, using observation techniques and paired sample t-tests to measure changes in childrens character. The results show that the application of the ARIE model has a significant impact on improving the development of Pancasila character in the students, with an average N Gain score of 0.8, indicating the effectiveness of the model in character building. This learning model successfully created a learning environment that supports the development of values such as cooperation, independence, critical thinking, and creativity in children. Based on these findings, the experiential learning model based on local culture can be a solution for implementing Pancasila character education in PAUD and contribute to forming a generation with strong integrity and a high sense of nationalism.

This study aims to describe the results of the analysis of how the role of parents in supporting the formation of childrens responsibility for the environment and the analysis of the results of childrens ability to be responsible for the environment. This research uses a qualitative research approach with this type of research is descriptive to find information on a topic related to the role of parents and the ability of responsibility in children. The data collection methods used in this study are interviews and documentation. The subjects used in this study are 3 parents who have children aged 4-6 years. The findings will describe the results qualitatively through several stages, namely data analysis and interpretation of results. The results of the study show that the role of parents in shaping responsible behavior towards the environment using the methods of discussion, habituation, and advice, and the ability of childrens responsibility for the environment still needs to be developed. So that the role of parents still needs to be developed and continued so that childrens development is formed optimally.