The main symptom of low back pain is pain. Pain does not meet the definition of impairment or abnormality, but if the individual actively aggravates pain and avoids or reduces his/her activities, pain may lead to disability. Nonspecific low back pain appears to be caused primarily by disrupted function or painful musculoskeletal dysfunctions. The World Health Organization (WHO) provides the most comprehensive definition: A disability is defined as any restriction or lack (due to impairments) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or range considered normal for a human being (WHO 1980). Back pain disability involves both physical dysfunctions and illness behavior. Motor and physiological activity are always involved in behavior, and physiological processes always have behavioral manifestations. Using survey-based analysis, we attempted to discover the causes and associated problems of low back pain in this study.

SSRIs are chemically distinct from traditional antidepressants such as tricyclic, tetracyclic, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, but they share the same mechanism of action in that they selectively and potently inhibit serotonin neuronal reuptake while having no or very little effect on norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and histamine neuronal reuptake. As a result, when compared to other tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants, these drugs have fewer sedative, anticholinergic, and cardiovascular effects. Fluroxamine, fluroxamine, sertraline, indalpine, paroxetine, alproclate, femorxetine, and choroxamine are examples of SSRI drugs.

At the worldwide level, heart disease is the leading cause of death. The primary goals of this study were to look into cardiac risk variables in datasets available on Kaggle. The data included 303 people, 138 of whom had cardiac disease and 165 of whom did not. Age, gender, chest pain, resting blood pressure, cholesterol level, fast blood sugar, electrocardiogram at rest, maximum heart rate during the stress test, angina during exercise, old peak, slope of the ST segment, result of the blood flow observed with radioactive dye, and number of main blood vessels colored by the radioactive dye were all included in the dataset. Descriptive analysis includes means and standard deviations for non-classified variables, as well as frequencies and percentages for categorized variables. The independent T test was used to assess the associations between variables. If 0.05, significance was considered. Except for cholesterol and rapid blood sugar, all of the variables listed above were found to be strongly linked with heart disease. When rapid blood sugar and cholesterol readings are combined, they should be evaluated with caution due to their participation as risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Dysmenorrhea or painful menstruation is the most common problem faced by adolescent girls and women. Most adolescents experience primary dysmenorrhea, defined as painful menstruation of sufficient magnitude so as to incapacitate day to day activities. We can correlate it with yoniroga - mainly udavarta or vataj yonivyapad. Main symptom is pain i.e., main entity is vata. Acharya Charak explained that due to vegadharan, apana vayu changes to pratiloma gati and the vitiated vayu lifts the yoni upward and causes obstruction to flow of rajah which causes unbearable pain. Here is a case report of girl 19 years with Chief complaint of painful menses suffering from primary dysmenorrhoea more than 4 cycles without any pathology. She was presented on April 2022. After her consent Saptasaram Ghana Vati was given with luke warm water from 1st to 5th day of menses for a cycle. As Result found was she got relief from pain during menses in her next follow up which was without medication. In this study concept of Kashtartava and treatment course is mentioned.

Background: Fungal keratitis is an acute or chronic inflammation of the cornea caused by fungi. The main treatment for fungal keratitis is Natamycin 5%. Disadvantages of natamycin are its poor penetration and increased resistance due to fungi which lower the level of ergosterol in its wall. Purpose: Investigates the effect of bromelain, zingibain and papain on LOX-1 receptors in fungal keratitis caused by Aspergillus fumigatus. Result: The LOX-1 receptor with bromelain produces a binding energy value of -827.8. While the results of docking LOX-1 receptors with zingibain resulted in a binding energy value of -1096.3. Furthermore, the results of docking the LOX-1 receptor with papain resulted in a binding energy value of -900.0. Conclusion: zingibain has the highest potency among the three enzymes Papain as an Alternative Medicine for Fungal Keratitis

Introduction: When some damage to the inner ear occurs, it results in senso neural hearing loss (SNHL). Common causes include exposure to loud noises, genetic factors, or the natural aging process. Medical recommendations generally include hearing aids or assistive devices. This paper presents a case of SNHL treated successfully using Yoga Prana Vidya Healing techniques helping the patient to fully regain normal hearing capabilities. Method: This paper uses case study method of investigation by going through patient’s medical records, YPV healer’s records and patient’s feedback. Results: After two days of healing sessions, the patient experienced bearable noise level, By the end of 9 sessions, noise almost reduced and hearing was improved by 80%, and PTA test score reduced from 41 to 28. She attended and learnt Healer development programme Level 1 (HDP L1) course, and she continued with self-healing. A follow up after a year and half showed perfectly normal hearing with PTA score of 13. Conclusions: Yoga Prana Vidya (YPV) healing protocols have cured the Senso hearing loss in this case, and further research is recommended with appropriate sample size and methodology. In view of being an integrated and holistic system, it will be helpful for the frontline health workers such as doctors and nurses to learn and practice YPV healing protocols to complement their specialties.

Background: Microbial pollution of baked foods like meat-pie sold by street hawkers has become a world health challenge. Pastries foods sold in Nigeria cities are consumed by huge sector of people both the old and young. Method: This present study was carried out to monitor the microbiological quality of street foods like meat-pie sold in Owerri municipal area of Imo state. These were analyzed by standard procedures to ascertain the colony forming units/ gram of meat-pie samples. The aerobic colony counts samples were categorize as sufficient, capable and insufficient collection according to public health laboratory services, UK guidelines for total coliform counts, because guideline were used. Result: All the plates studied indicated the evidence of coliform. The outcome of the study prove that the meat-pie samples studied in Owerri municipal were heavily polluted with microbes, proving the non-enforcement of inspection and inadequate of maintenance of standard contact to hygienic aspect of meat-pie. Conclusion:It is insinuated that proper ethics of hygienic and sanitary conditions has to be maintained both personally and institutionally from preparation to cleaning, is required in street food centers to avoid any food born hygienic outbreak in future

Introduction: Neck Pain (NP) is a significant public health issue. Many peoples social and economic participation is harmed as a result of NP. Patients with this condition frequently complain of fatigue and pain. Both can disrupt patients daily lives by affecting their sleep quality, which can lead to psychological issues. However, the prevalence of fatigue and its relationship with pain, sleep quality, and psychological factors in NP patients has not been thoroughly investigated. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of fatigue and its relationship to pain intensity, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance in NP patients. Materials and Methods: Between March and November 2019, a cross-sectional study of 296 NP patients with a mean age of 37.2 years (181 males and 115 females) was conducted. It was held at the Physiotherapy Department. To assess fatigue, depression and anxiety, sleep quality, and pain intensity, the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) were used. For analysis, Spearmans rank correlation coefficient and the Mann-Whitney U test were used. Results: The participants point prevalence of severe fatigue was 39.86%. Pain intensity, psychological factors, and sleep quality were all associated with fatigue (p0.05). In this sample, we also found a significant relationship between sleep quality and psychological factors (p0.05). Conclusion: Fatigue was a significant factor in NP patients, and it was linked to pain intensity, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. Fatigue was more prevalent in the chronic stage of NP than in the acute stage. Identifying these risk factors may aid in the prevention and management of NP and its associated co-morbidities.

Background: Accreditation is widely regarded as a reliable method for assessing and improving the quality of medical care provided. However, the effect that it has on performance and outcomes is not yet fully understood. The purpose of this review was to locate and assess the available evidence regarding the effects of hospital accreditation.

Background: In recent years, the healthcare system has undergone rapid transformation. Nonetheless, a recent Quality and Patient Safety Report highlighted declining levels of patient safety and quality culture among healthcare professionals. This highlights the importance of assessing care quality and patient safety from the perspectives of both patients and healthcare professionals. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate (1) patients and healthcare professionals perspectives on overall quality of care and patient safety standards at two tertiary hospitals, as well as (2) which demographic characteristics are related to overall quality of care and patient safety. Methods: A cross-sectional research design was used. The Revised Humane Caring Scale and the Healthcare Professional Core Competency Instrument were used to collect data on two items: overall quality of care and patient safety. Questionnaires were distributed to (1) patients (n = 600) and (2) healthcare professionals (nurses and physicians) (n = 246) in three departments (medical, surgical, and obstetrics and gynecology) at two tertiary hospitals between the end of 2018 and the beginning of 2019. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. Conclusions: Patients and healthcare professionals both rated the quality of care and patient safety as excellent, with only minor differences indicating a high level of patient satisfaction and competent healthcare delivery professionals. Such perspectives can offer valuable and complementary insights into how to improve the overall standards of healthcare delivery systems.

A Health Care Organization (HCO) is by definition a complex organization due to the intangible outcome of service and a mix of diverse professional personnel. Healthcare quality management is a critical requirement in the health sector. Quality principles have always been present in health care. However, quality is not a physical characteristic of a service. The use of the term Health Care Service rather than Medical Care further defines the field and positions it as an entity that can be assessed, monitored, and improved. A quality healthcare system is accessible, appropriate, available, affordable, effective, efficient, integrated, safe, and patient-centered. Practitioners in allied health services, dentistry, midwifery, obstetrics, medicine, nursing, optometry, pharmacy, psychology, and other care providers provide health care. Quality management in health care is a broad concept. It was initially perceived as directing healthcare personnel on what to do. However, its current meaning is to manage the care process. It refers to viewing organizational functions as a jumble of procedures and processes that can be addressed both individually and collectively. Despite the fact that various models have been proposed, Donabedians concept of the triad of structure, process, and outcome remains the foundation of quality assessment today. Quality management has emerged as a more pressing need than ever before, owing to the new definition of quality, which includes patient satisfaction as an outcome of service. The quality of services provided to patients is critical. The traditional view of quality control focused on defect detection, whereas the current concept focuses on defect prevention, continuous process improvement, and an outcome-driven system guided by the needs of the patients. As a result, there is an urgent need to effect a paradigm shift in the quality of health care delivery. The authorities must take the initiative to become involved in quality. Currently, quality is being addressed more in the medical field than in allied fields such as dentistry and nursing, as well as in developing countries.

This articles objective is to describe a simplified method for developing and assessing the quality of healthcare-related research questions. This process involved three stages. The objective of the initial phase was to identify and investigate a scientific field. This field would be used to identify outputs such as analysis units, variables, and goals. The objective of the second stage was to formulate structured research questions based on the findings of the first phase. In general, research questions begin with interrogative adverbs (e.g., what and when), auxiliary verbs (e.g., is there and are there), or other auxiliaries (e.g., do, does, and did) followed by nouns nominalized from verbs of research objectives, such as association, correlation, influence, causation, prediction, and application research variables (e.g., risk factors, efficiency, effectiveness, and safety) and units of measurement (e.g., patients with hypertension and general hospitals). The objective of the third stage was to evaluate the relevance, originality, generalizability, measurability, communicability, resource availability, and ethical considerations of the research questions. By adhering to the proposed streamlined procedure, inexperienced researchers can learn how to compose well-structured research questions with solid scientific value.

Objective: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional examination. Methods: The study enrolled 301 patients in 2018 who were referred to dialysis clinic. Data is collected through a series of questions about demographics (gender, age, education, employment, housing, marital status) and a checklist for causes of chronic renal failure (hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, etc.). The Chi-square test, Fishers exact test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and SPSS version 24 were utilized to carry out inferential statistics. Results: Patients on hemodialysis typically develop chronic renal failure due to high blood pressure, although kidney disease and diabetes also play a role. Among the many potential factors that led to ESRD in these patients, the most common were: other/unspecified causes (15.3%), surgical history (6.3%), anemia (5%), trauma (4.3%), shock (7.7%) (2%), viral diseases (2%), drug use and congenital causes (1.3%), and poisoning during pregnancy and lupus (0.3%). Conclusions: According to the results of this study, promoting screening procedures for patients who are at risk may help to lower the prevalence of end-stage renal failure

Cancer refers to a disease specified by the abnormal growth of cells which divides uncontrollably and have the ability to pervade and demolish normal body tissue. In India & overall world Cancer is the main reason of death. Due to improvements in cancer screening, its treatment and prevention survival rates of cancer are increasing day by day. Gamma-oryzanol is a growth-promoting substance found in grains and isolated from rice bran oil Gamma-Oryzanol and its components have been assigning for their anticancerous properties. Administration of ?-oryzanol resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of the tumor growth by 44% without affecting the weight of other organs.

In order to preserve a culture of safety, inpatient care teams in hospitals need to be able to communicate effectively with one another. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between the perceptions of patient safety culture and the number of safety incidents that occur in hospitals. With Scheins organizational culture model serving as a guide, researchers were able to find the connections they had hypothesized should exist between certain aspects of safety culture and actual accidents. Both the Materials and the Procedures are: The research team was successful in gaining access to the opinions of a substantial number of clinical teams regarding their safety culture. It was discovered that handoffs and transitions were a significant predictor of the reduction of safety occurrences, in contrast to other predictors, which were not found to be significant. The implications for the research on communication within clinical teams are emphasized here. In conclusion, a discussion of the data findings and a presentation of the implications that these findings have for the variables are given. The implications for healthcare teams in terms of the actions that individual team members will take in the future are also emphasized here. The directions that future research should take are suggested.

Background/Aims: Carbon Black (CB) is the most widely produced and commercially used nanocarbon. Growing evidence links nanomaterials to adverse effects, arising from their large surface area capable of interacting with biological systems. Due to the variety of applications and human exposures to nanoparticles, it is important to assess the potential health risk and understand the underlying mechanisms of their toxicity. The present study aims to investigate the cytotoxic effect of the Carbon black nanoparticle covalently linked to ethylenediamine (CB-EDA) on AML-12 cells, a lineage of murine hepatocytes. Methods: For this, the cells were exposed to CB-EDA for 24h, at different concentrations of the nanoparticle (1, 50, 250, 500 and 1000 µg/mL). Effects on cell viability were evaluated using MTT and neutral red dye tests and analysis of changes in cell morphology. Furthermore, the oxidative profile (levels of reactive oxygen species - ROS and nitrogen - NOS) and inflammatory profile (production of IL-6 and TNF-a) were investigated. Results: The results show that CB-EDA nanoparticle causes a reduction in cell viability at concentrations of 250, 500 and 1000 µg/mL after the exposure period. There was a significant increase in the production of ROS, NOS and pro-inflammatory interleukin TNF-a. Conclusion: The data suggest that the CB-EDA nanoparticle has a cytotoxic potential in AML-12 hepatocytes, evidenced by the induction of oxidative stress and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, with a consequent decrease in cell viability.

Objectives: In a world marked by the increase in chemoresistance leading to the adoption of therapeutic combinations, the advent of generic multi-source drugs, the spread of counterfeiting and substandard drugs, often without active ingredients or falsified active ingredients, a Greater vigilance by pharmaceutical regulatory authorities is needed. Drug Post-Marketing Surveillance (PMS) therefore plays an important role in detecting poor quality products on the market. Methods: The survey covered certain regions and certain points of sale. It aimed to assess the quality of Diazepam injection available on the market. The selection of drugs and geographic areas was made using risk-based sampling using the Drug Risk Assessment Tool (MedRS) developed by USP / PQM +. Results: A total of 44 samples were analyzed according to a risk-based protocol, of which 32 were compliant with a rate of 91% against 12 non-compliant or 9% (P=0,05). Non-compliant drugs were mainly from the public sector. We also found that all samples were unregistered. Conclusion: The results clearly raise the issue of registration of drugs before their market authorization and the importance of continuous quality control and post-marketing drug analysis to ensure health and guarantee access to quality medicines for the health and well-being of populations.

Public confidence is shaken by declining health care quality indicators. Healthcare quality is still conceptually and practically undefined, despite improvements in hospital safety and quality of care. So, the purpose of this analysis is to define the term healthcare quality. The framework was based on the concept analysis technique developed by Walker and Avant, which is frequently cited in nursing literature. We looked through five academic literature databases, public domain websites, general and medical dictionaries, and dictionaries. Healthcare and quality were search terms, as well as terms related to health care. From 2004 to 2016, peer-reviewed papers and official reports that were published in English were included. Gray literature, discussions of the need for high-quality healthcare, related concepts, and conference proceedings were all excluded. During analysis, similar characteristics were categorized into themes. After removing duplicates and articles that werent eligible, 42 pertinent articles were examined. Four defining characteristics were found after thematic analysis: (1) effective, (2) safe, (3) culture of excellence, and (4) desired outcomes. Based on these characteristics, the definition of high-quality healthcare is the evaluation and delivery of safe, effective care that is reflected in an excellence-centered culture and leads to the achievement of ideal or desired health. This analysis offers a conceptualization of healthcare quality that clarifies its underlying assumptions and may enhance the delivery of high-quality care. Theoretical and practical implications are provided to support a more thorough and consistent understanding of the elements required to enhance healthcare delivery and maintain public confidence.