The aim of this study is to use the Coefficient Diagram Method (CDM) to design PID control systems with better performance in controlling time delay systems with first order unstable transfer function. PID controller and standard PID controllers designed with CDM were designed and the results were compared. The PID controller designed with CDM has advantages over conventional PID controller by providing the shortest settling time and the most robust behaviour against changes in parameters.

Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) flyback dc-dc converters are pretty popular and have wide range application in the industry. Nevertheless, the leakage inductance issues cause high voltage spikes on the semiconductor switch when it is turned off. Consequently, passive or active snubber cells are needed at turned-off process for limiting the voltage spikes. In this paper, a novel passive snubber cell is proposed for PWM flyback dc-dc converter. The proposed snubber cell has low cost, ease of control and simple structure features. The detailed theoretical analysis of converter is presented and the analysis is demonstrated by a simulation setup in the paper. All analyses and simulation setup is made under 100 kHz switching frequency and 16 W output power conditions.

Increasing the population of the world over time, ensuring food production and consumption, having safe food at the desired time and in sufficient amount, and having the opportunity to access safe food are important for people to survive. Water and soil in insufficient and unsanitary conditions can pose threats to the sustainability of safe food. However, it is seen that climate change can negatively affect food security and disrupt the sustainability of food. In this study; The concepts of water, soil, climate change, food, safe food and sustainability of safe food are discussed together. In the study, the relationship between water, soil and climate change and safe food has been evaluated in general by scanning the literature. Many studies conducted in the field of our research emphasize the importance of the concepts that affect the sustainability of safe food. As a subject, it has been tried to explain how the insufficiencies caused by water, soil and climate changes affect the sustainability of safe food and the findings have been presented.

In legal cases, the decisions made by the previous courts for similar cases affect the determination of current courts. Therefore, lawyers do research to reach similar cases and results. The existence of different precedent decisions regarding the situation sought in the legal texts requires the examination of more than one court result text according to the search made by the user. The high number of texts and the high size of the texts cause a significant time and effort to open by the user. The use of summary texts for decisions will reduce this time and effort to a more reasonable level of use. Therefore, this study aim to develop an automatic summarization system for these legal texts. For this purpose, frequency base, undirected graph base, weighted graph base summarization extraction methods have applied. In addition, a hybrid method that consists frequency base and weighted graph base summarization has applied. This method has best results.

Advances in technology have affected many areas of life as well as economic activities. Recently, as in the World, interest in crypto currencies has been also increasing in our country. With the development of electronic commerce, crypto money currencies have emerged. They are curriences secured with cryptographic systems and are used throught the World that are not connected to any central system. Crypto coins can be extracted and used again from virtual wallets placed with passwords. There are various crypto currencies in the markets.In the study, the definition of the most used crypto currencies has been made and their properties have been tried to be explained. And explanations have been made about the legal regulation of cryptocurrencies in Turkey.