In this case report, it is aimed to present the clinical findings and treatment of a 9-year-old girl who developed bilateral acute corneal hydrops (ACH) at short intervals. Our patient first presented with ACH findings first the right eye and then 1 month later in her left eye. At first admission, both visual acuities were at very low levels and she had advanced stage keratoconus. The patient had a history of eye rubbing accompanied by mild to moderate allergic conjunctivitis. Corneal cross-linking treatment was planned for the left eye, but it could not be performed due to the rapid development of ACH in the left eye within 1 month. In cases of advanced keratoconus accompanied by eye rubbing in young children, caution should be exercised in case it progresses to bilateral ACH.

I read with interest the article titled "A Rare Cause of Chronic Constipation in Family Medicine Practice: Dyssynergic Defecation" published by Öztürk et al. in your journal (1). The 32-year-old female patient mentioned in the article has a chronic constipation problem that started in childhood and the systematic diagnosis and treatment protocol applied for this problem actually advises us that there should be an algorithm that should be applied to every patient presenting with chronic constipation.

Abstract Background: Our purpose is to investigate the demographic, clinical, and haematological parameters of patients diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy (DRP) without coronary artery disease and control group. Materials and Method: This study was retrospective and the information of all patients was retrospectively scanned and their anamnesis was noted from the medical record files. A total of 151 patients, 75 with DRP and 76 in the control group without diabetes and a history of coronary artery disease, were included in the study. For all statistics, a p-value below 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There was no distinction between the DRP and the other group in terms of clinical and demographic features. The serum glucose (p<0.001), creatinine (p=0.029), and triglyceride (p=0.047) were higher in patients with the DRP group However, eosinophil level (p=0.009) and eosinophil-to-monocyte ratio (EMR) (p=0.003) values were lower in DRP patients. Multivariable linear regression analyses showed serum glucose (OR:1.241, 95% CI [1.087 – 1.418], p<0.001) and EMR (OR:0.966, 95% CI [0.440–2.117], p= 0.030) were potential risk factors for DRP. Conclusion: In our research, we observed that the serum eosinophil level and EMR in patients with DRP were lower than in other patients and that this, together with the high glucose level, had an independent predictive value for DRP. Future large-scale studies will shed light on this topic.

Status epilepticus is one of the important eurological emergencies due to the high rates of morbidity, mortality and workforce loss it causes. Status epilepticus is a condition that needs to be recognized and treated quickly because it is both life-threatening and causes serious sequelae. Status epilepticus can lead to Rhabdomyolysis, although it is a rare occurrence. In this case report, a forty-one-year-old female patient with a history of epilepsy is presented. She had eight generalized tonic-clonic seizures within seven hours. Creatinine kinase level decreased with hydration therapy. No acute kidney injury occurred. As a result, patients with status epilepticus are accompanied by muscle damage. Especially patients at risk for acute kidney injury should be closely monitored for creatinine kinase and urine output.

Background: This research evaluates the results of a distance biostatistics training for physicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Method: Online basic-level biostatistics training consisting of six courses was conducted between 21 October-30 December 2020. At the beginning and after the training, the structured Biostatistics Basic Knowledge Questionnaire consisting of 20 questions developed by the researchers was applied to the physicians who took the training. Results: A total of 198 medical doctors participated. At the end of the training, 21 of those who participated in the research at the beginning attended more than half of the courses, 45 of them attended less than half of the courses, and 132 physicians did not attend any of the courses. 80.8% of the participants stated that they took the training to make their statistics in their scientific research. After the training, regardless of their professional title and department, the score change was not significant for those who did not attend the classes at all, (p=0.306), while it was found that the score increased significantly for those who attended less than half and those who attended more than half of them (p<0.001 for both). Conclusion: The high achievement of even those who attended only some of the courses after the training shows that such distance education models should be developed and widely extended.

Background: Periorbital edema and ecchymosis are frequently observed after rhinoplasty. Stress response, inflammation and catabolic process affect the formation of edema and ecchymosis. Anxiety and stress response have an effect on wound healing and postoperative recovery. This study aimed to investigate whether preoperative anxiety and depression levels affect periorbital edema and ecchymosis. Materials and Methods: In this study, 94 (51 female, 43 female) patients were assessed. Beck Anxiety and Beck Depression scales were filled 1 hour before surgery by the patients. The relationship between edema and ecchymosis that may occur after surgery and anxiety, depression and quality of extubation was evaluated.Results: According to this study there was not correlation between preoperative anxiety, depression, extubation quality and edema, ecchymosis and no statistically significant difference was found (p>0.05). Conclusion: Anxiety and depression, which are commonly seen before surgery, had no effect on periorbital edema and ecchymosis.